Bangarorin biyu sun hada da tsarin jijiyarmu, tsarin juyayi na tsakiya da tsarin juyayi mai cin gashin kansa ko na ciyawa.

Tsarin juyayi mai cin gashin kansa, wanda ke tsara duk tsarin tafiyar da jiki wanda ke faruwa ta atomatik, an raba shi zuwa tsarin biyu tare da ayyuka masu adawa: tsarin juyayi na parasympathetic da tsarin juyayi mai tausayi. Suna sarrafa tasirin damuwa da shakatawa a jikinmu. 

Tsarin juyayi na parasympathetic yana da alhakin ayyukan da ba na son rai ba na jiki, wanda aka yi niyya don fusatar da ayyukan jijiyoyi marasa hankali na jiki.

Ayyukan tsarin juyayi na parasympathetic yana adawa da tsarin tausayi ta hanyar kulawa da rage ayyukan kwayoyin halitta don adana makamashi.

Tsarin parasympathetic yana aiki da yawa akan narkewa, girma, amsawar rigakafi, ajiyar makamashi.

Zuciya

• Rage jinkirin zuciya da bugun numfashi da ƙarfin ƙanƙara na atria;
• Rage karfin jini ta hanyar vasodilation.

huhu

• Ƙunƙarar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da ɓoyewar ƙwayar cuta.

Maganin narkewar abinci

• Ƙarfafa ƙwarewar mota;
• Relaxation des sphincters;
• Ƙarfafa abubuwan ɓoye na narkewa.

Bladder

• Kwangila

Alibi

• Myosis (ƙananan yara).

Dabbobi

• Gyaran jiki

gland

• Sakawa daga salivary da gumi gland;
• Exocrine pancreas: ruri na ɓoyewa;
• Endocrine pancreatic: tsokanar mugunyar insulin da hanawar glucagon.

Jijiya na pneumogastric jijiya ce ta cranial da ke gangarowa ta thorax kuma ta haɗa cikin ciki. Wannan jijiyar tana aiki godiya ga wani neurotransmitter da ake kira acetylcholine, wanda ke aiki a duk ƙarshen jijiyar da ke ciki. Wannan abu ne ke haifar da tasirin parasympathetic.

Tsarin tausayi da tsarin parasympathetic na iya sarrafa gabobin da yawa, da kuma:

• hawan jini;
• bugun zuciya;
• zafin jiki;
• nauyi, narkewa;
• metabolism;
• ruwa da ma'auni na electrolyte;
• zufa;
• fitsari;
• bayan gida;
• amsa jima'i da sauran matakai.

Dole ne mu kasance a faɗake saboda ayyuka na iya zama masu daidaitawa: ƙaddamar da tsarin tausayi yana ƙara yawan bugun zuciya; parasympathetic yana rage shi.

Cututtuka na tsarin juyayi mai cin gashin kansa yana haifar da rashin daidaituwa ko gazawar ciyayi wanda ke canza jijiyoyi masu zaman kansu ko sassan kwakwalwa wanda hakan zai iya shafar kowane tsarin da ke cikin jiki.

Yawancin lokaci, waɗannan tsarin guda biyu suna da ƙarfi kuma dangane da bukatun, ana daidaita ayyukan su akai-akai. Waɗannan tsare-tsare guda biyu shiru ne: suna aiki ba tare da saninmu ba cikin cikakken 'yancin kai. Lokacin da yanayin ya canza ba zato ba tsammani ko wani abin da ba a zata ba ya faru, ɗaya ko ɗayan ya zama babba ya danganta da yanayin kuma ana iya ganin halayen da aka jawo.

Dalilan gama gari na rashin zaman lafiya sune:

• Ciwon sukari (mafi yawan sanadi);
• Cututtuka na jijiyoyi na gefe;
• Tsufa;
• Cutar Parkinson.

Ana yawan yin maganin cututtukan ciyayi bisa dalilin, idan dalilin baya nan ko kuma ba za a iya magance shi ba, magani zai mai da hankali kan kawar da alamun.

• Rage ko babu gumi: guje wa yanayi mai zafi yana da amfani, idan gumi ya ragu ko babu;
• Riƙewar fitsari: idan mafitsara ba zai iya yin kwangila akai-akai ba, ana iya ba da catheter;
• Maƙarƙashiya: Ana ba da shawarar cin abinci mai yawan fiber. Idan maƙarƙashiya ya ci gaba, enemas na iya zama dole.

Gwaje-gwaje na asibiti

• Bincika alamun rikice-rikice na autonomic, irin su hypotension postural (matsin jini da ma'aunin bugun zuciya, electrocardiography: don sanin ko canje-canje a cikin bugun zuciya na al'ada ne yayin zurfafa numfashi da motsin Valsalva;
•  bincika yara don rashin amsawa ko rashin amsa ga canje-canjen haske;
•  jarrabawar ido: wanda ya fashe, almajiri mara amsawa yana nuna ciwon parasympathetic;
•  Hannun Hannun Jiki da Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa: Ƙwararrun genitourinary da rectal reflexes na iya nuna rashin daidaituwa a cikin tsarin juyayi mai cin gashin kansa.

Testsarin gwaje-gwaje

• Gwajin gumi: Gindin gumi yana motsa su ta hanyar lantarki da aka cika da acetylcholine kuma ana sanya su a kan ƙafafu da goshi. Sannan ana auna yawan gumi don sanin ko samar da gumin ya saba;
• Gwajin tebur na karkatar da hankali: lura da bambance-bambance a cikin karfin jini da bugun zuciya yayin canjin matsayi;
• Ƙayyade yadda hawan jini ya bambanta a lokacin motsi na Valsalva (kokarin tilasta fitar da numfashi ba tare da barin iska ta wuce ta hanci ko baki ba, kama da yin aiki yayin motsi).