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Yawancin abubuwan gina jiki don kiyaye jikin ɗan adam suna shiga ta hanyar gastrointestinal.
Duk da haka, abinci na al'ada da mutane ke ci: gurasa, nama, kayan lambu - jiki ba zai iya amfani da shi kai tsaye don bukatun su ba. Don wannan, abinci da abin sha ya kamata a raba zuwa ƙananan sassa - kwayoyin halitta guda ɗaya.
Wadannan kwayoyin suna jigilar jini zuwa kwayoyin halitta don gina sababbin kwayoyin halitta da samar da makamashi.
Yaya abinci yake narkewa?
Tsarin narkewa ya haɗa da haɗa abinci tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace na ciki da motsa shi ta hanyar gastrointestinal. A yayin wannan motsi, ana rarraba abinci zuwa sassa, waɗanda ake amfani da su don bukatun jiki.
Narkewa yana farawa daga baki lokacin da ake taunawa da hadiye abinci. Kuma ya ƙare a cikin ƙananan hanji.
Ta yaya abinci ke motsawa ta hanyar narkewar abinci?
Manya-manyan gabobin gabobin ciki na ciki - ciki da hanji suna da ƙwayar tsoka, wanda ke sa ganuwar su ta motsa. Wannan motsi yana ba da damar abinci da ruwa don motsawa ta hanyar tsarin narkewa kuma a hade su.
Ana kiran raguwar ƙwayar gastrointestinal tsabanin. Yana kama da igiyar ruwa wanda tare da taimakon tsokoki ke motsawa tare da dukkanin sassan narkewa.
Tsokoki na hanji suna haifar da wani yanki mai mahimmanci, wanda ke tafiya a hankali a hankali, yana tura abinci da ruwa.
Tsarin narkewa
Narkewa yana farawa a baki. Lokacin da ake tauna abinci ana jika sosai da miya. Saliva ya ƙunshi enzymes waɗanda ke fara rushe sitaci.
Abincin da aka hadiye ya shige esophagus wanda haɗi makogwaro da ciki. A mahaɗin maƙarƙashiya da ciki, akwai zoben tsoka. Wannan shi ne ƙananan sphincter na esophagus, wanda ke buɗewa a matsa lamba na abincin da aka ci kuma ya shiga cikin ciki.
Ciki yana da ayyuka na asali guda uku:
1. Storage. Don yin adadi mai yawa na abinci ko ruwa, tsokoki na ɓangaren sama na ciki suna shakatawa. Wannan yana ba da damar ganuwar gabobin don shimfiɗawa.
2. Hadawa. An rage ƙananan ciki zuwa abinci da ruwa gauraye da ruwan ciki. Wannan ruwan 'ya'yan itace ya ƙunshi hydrochloric acid da enzymes masu narkewa, waɗanda ke taimakawa a cikin rushewar sunadaran. Ganuwar ciki tana ɓoye ɗimbin ƙumburi, wanda ke kare su daga tasirin hydrochloric acid.
3. Transport. Abincin gauraye yana shiga daga ciki zuwa cikin ƙananan hanji.
Daga ciki, abincin yana shiga cikin ɓangaren sama na ƙananan hanji - duodenum. Anan abincin yana nunawa ga ruwan 'ya'yan itace na pancreas da kuma enzymes na karamar hanji, wanda AIDS a cikin narkewar fats, sunadarai, da carbohydrates.
Anan ana sarrafa abinci a cikin bile da hanta ke samarwa. Tsakanin abinci, ana adana bile a ciki gallbladder. Yayin cin abinci, ana tura shi cikin duodenum, inda ya haɗu da abinci.
Bile acids na narkar da kitsen da ke cikin hanji kamar kitsen da ke cikin kasko: sun watse zuwa kananan ɗigon ruwa. Bayan an niƙa kitsen, ana iya raba shi cikin sauƙi ta hanyar enzymes zuwa sassa.
Abubuwan da aka samu daga tsagawar enzymes suna shiga cikin bangon ƙananan hanji.
Mucosa na ƙananan hanji yana rufe da ƙananan zaruruwa waɗanda ke haifar da babban yanki mai girma, yana ba ta damar ɗaukar adadi mai yawa na gina jiki.
Ta hanyar sel na musamman, waɗannan abubuwa daga hanji suna shiga cikin jini kuma su bazu ko'ina cikin jiki don ajiya ko amfani.
Bangaren abincin da bai narkewa ba ya shigo babban hanji a ciki wanda sha ruwa da wasu bitamin ke faruwa. Sharar gida bayan narkewa ana samun su cikin stool kuma ana cire su ta ciki duburar.
Menene ke rushe aikin gastrointestinal tract?
1. Mummunan halaye: Shan taba da shan barasa
2. Guban abinci
3. Rashin daidaituwar abinci
Abu mafi mahimmanci
Tsarin gastrointestinal yana ba da damar jiki ya rushe abinci zuwa sassa masu sauƙi, wanda zai iya gina sabon nama kuma ya sami makamashi.
Narkewa yana faruwa a duk sassan gastrointestinal tract tun daga baki zuwa dubura.
Ƙarin bayani game da tsarin aikin narkewar abinci duba a cikin bidiyon da ke ƙasa:
