Mutane suna cin nama tun zamanin kankara. Daga nan ne, a cewar masana ilimin ɗan adam, mutumin ya ƙaurace wa cin abinci na tsiro ya fara cin nama. Wannan "al'ada" ta wanzu har yau - saboda larura (misali, tsakanin Eskimos), al'ada ko yanayin rayuwa. Amma galibi, dalilin shine kawai rashin fahimta. A cikin shekaru hamsin da suka gabata, sanannun masana kiwon lafiya, masana abinci mai gina jiki, da masana kimiyyar halittu, sun gano kwararan hujjoji da ke nuna cewa ba sai ka ci nama ba don samun lafiya, a haƙiƙa, abincin da aka yarda da maguzanci zai iya cutar da mutane.
Alas, cin ganyayyaki, bisa ga matsayi na falsafa kawai, da wuya ya zama hanyar rayuwa. Bugu da kari, yana da mahimmanci ba kawai a bi tsarin cin ganyayyaki ba, har ma a fahimci fa'idar cin ganyayyaki ga dukkan bil'adama. Don haka, bari mu bar bangaren ruhaniya na cin ganyayyaki na ɗan lokaci – ana iya ƙirƙira ayyuka masu girma dabam game da wannan. Bari mu dakata a nan a kan kawai a aikace, don a ce, muhawarar “na duniya” don goyon bayan cin ganyayyaki.
Bari mu fara tattauna abin da ake kira "Protein labari". Ga abin da yake game da shi. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan dalilan da ya sa yawancin mutane ke ƙauracewa cin ganyayyaki shine tsoron haifar da ƙarancin furotin a jiki. "Ta yaya za ku iya samun duk ingantaccen sunadaran da kuke buƙata daga tushen shuka, abincin da ba shi da kiwo?" irin wadannan mutane suna tambaya.
Kafin amsa wannan tambayar, yana da amfani mu tuna menene ainihin furotin. A cikin 1838, masanin kimiyar Dutch Jan Müldscher ya sami wani abu mai ɗauke da nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen da kuma, a cikin ƙananan adadin, wasu sinadarai. Wannan fili, wanda ke ƙarƙashin duk rayuwa a duniya, masanin kimiyyar da ake kira "mafi mahimmanci". Daga baya, an tabbatar da ainihin rashin buƙata na furotin: don rayuwar kowace halitta, dole ne a cinye wani adadin daga ciki. Kamar yadda ya fito, dalilin wannan shine amino acid, "tushen tushen rayuwa", daga abin da aka samo sunadaran sunadaran.
Gabaɗaya, an san amino acid 22, 8 daga cikinsu ana ɗaukar su da mahimmanci (ba a samar da su ta jiki ba kuma dole ne a cinye su da abinci). Wadannan amino acid guda 8 sune: lecine, isolecine, valine, lysine, trypophane, threonine, methionine, phenylalanine. Dukansu yakamata a haɗa su cikin daidaitattun daidaiton abinci mai gina jiki. Har zuwa tsakiyar 1950s, ana ɗaukar nama a matsayin mafi kyawun tushen furotin, saboda yana ɗauke da dukkan mahimman amino acid guda 8, kuma daidai gwargwado. A yau, duk da haka, masana abinci mai gina jiki sun yanke shawarar cewa abinci mai gina jiki a matsayin tushen furotin ba wai kawai yana da kyau kamar nama ba, amma har ma ya fi shi. Tsirrai kuma sun ƙunshi dukkan amino acid guda 8. Tsire-tsire suna da ikon haɗa amino acid daga iska, ƙasa, da ruwa, amma dabbobi suna samun sunadaran sunadaran ne kawai ta hanyar tsire-tsire: ko dai ta hanyar cinye su, ko kuma ta hanyar cin dabbobin da suka ci tsire-tsire kuma suna shanye dukkan abubuwan gina jiki. Sabili da haka, mutum yana da zabi: don samun su kai tsaye ta hanyar tsire-tsire ko ta hanyar zagaye, a farashi mai girma na tattalin arziki da albarkatu - daga naman dabba. Don haka, nama ba ya ƙunshi kowane amino acid in ban da waɗanda dabbobi ke samu daga tsirrai - kuma su kansu mutane suna iya samun su daga tsirrai.
Bugu da ƙari, kayan abinci na shuka suna da wani muhimmin fa'ida: tare da amino acid, kuna samun abubuwan da suka wajaba don mafi cikakken ɗaukar sunadaran: carbohydrates, bitamin, abubuwan gano abubuwa, hormones, chlorophyll, da sauransu. A cikin 1954, ƙungiyar masana kimiyya a Jami'ar Harvard. gudanar da bincike kuma ya gano cewa idan mutum yana shan kayan lambu, hatsi, da kayan kiwo a lokaci guda, ya fi rufe yawan furotin na yau da kullun. Sun kammala cewa yana da matukar wahala a ci gaba da cin ganyayyaki iri-iri ba tare da wuce wannan adadi ba. Bayan ɗan lokaci, a cikin 1972, Dr. F. Stear ya gudanar da nasa nazarin cin abinci mai gina jiki da masu cin ganyayyaki. Sakamakon ya kasance mai ban mamaki: yawancin batutuwa sun karbi fiye da ka'idoji biyu na furotin! Don haka "tatsuniya game da sunadaran" an yi watsi da su.
Yanzu kuma sai mu koma ga bangare na gaba na matsalar da muke magana akai, wacce za a iya bayyana ta kamar haka: cin nama da yunwar duniya. Yi la'akari da wannan adadi: 1 kadada na waken soya yana samar da kilo 1124 na furotin mai mahimmanci; 1 kadada na shinkafa yana samar da fam 938. Ga masara wannan adadi ya kai 1009. Ga alkama 1043. Yanzu ka yi tunani game da wannan: 1 kadada na wake: masara, shinkafa ko alkama da ake amfani da su don kitsen tuƙi zai samar da furotin 125 kawai! Wannan ya kai mu ga ƙarshe mai ban sha'awa: a zahiri, yunwa a duniyarmu tana da alaƙa da cin nama. Kwararru a fannin abinci mai gina jiki, nazarin muhalli, da kuma ‘yan siyasa sun sha nanata cewa, idan Amurka ta mayar da hakin hatsi da waken soya da ake amfani da su wajen kitso ga matalauta da yunwar wasu kasashe, da za a magance matsalar yunwa. Masanin ilimin abinci na Harvard Gene Mayer ya kiyasta cewa rage kashi 10 cikin 60 na noman nama zai ba da isasshen hatsi don ciyar da mutane miliyan XNUMX.
Ta fuskar ruwa, kasa da sauran albarkatu, nama shine mafi tsadar kayayyaki da ake iya hasashe. Kusan kashi 10% na furotin da adadin kuzari suna cikin abinci, wanda daga baya ya dawo mana a cikin nau'in nama. Bugu da kari, ana dasa dubban daruruwan kadada na filayen noma a kowace shekara don abinci. Tare da kadada na abinci mai ciyar da bijimi, a halin yanzu muna samun kusan fam ɗaya na furotin. Idan an dasa yanki ɗaya da waken soya, abin da za a samu zai kasance fam 1 na furotin. A takaice dai kiwon dabbobi domin yanka ba komai bane illa barnatar da albarkatun duniyarmu.
Baya ga faffadan filayen noma, kiwo na bukatar ruwa sau 8 don bukatunsa fiye da noman kayan lambu, noman waken soya ko hatsi: dabbobi suna bukatar sha, kuma ciyarwar suna bukatar shayarwa. Gabaɗaya, miliyoyin mutane har yanzu suna cikin ƙaƙƙarfan yunwa, yayin da wasu tsirarun masu gata suka ƙware kan su akan furotin nama, ba tare da jin ƙai ba, suna cin gajiyar ƙasa da albarkatun ruwa. Amma, abin mamaki, naman ne ke zama abokan gaba ga kwayoyin halittarsu.
Magungunan zamani sun tabbatar da: Cin nama yana cike da haɗari da yawa. Ciwon daji da cututtukan zuciya na zama annoba a kasashen da ake yawan amfani da naman kowa da kowa, yayin da ba a samu irin wannan cututtuka ba. Rollo Russell a cikin littafinsa mai suna “On the Causes of Cancer” ya rubuta: “Na gano cewa a cikin kasashe 25 da mazaunasu ke cin nama da aka fi sani da shi, 19 suna da yawan ciwon daji sosai, kuma kasa daya ce ke da karancin kudi, a A lokaci guda daga cikin kasashe 35 da ke da iyaka ko rashin cin nama, babu wanda ke da yawan cutar kansa."
Jaridar 1961 na Ƙungiyar Likitocin Amurka ta ce, "Canza zuwa ga cin ganyayyaki yana hana ci gaban cututtukan zuciya a cikin 90-97% na lokuta." Sa’ad da aka yanka dabba, abubuwan da ke cikinta suna daina fitar da su ta hanyar jini kuma su kasance “gwangwani” a cikin gawa. Masu cin nama don haka suna shan sinadarai masu guba waɗanda, a cikin dabba mai rai, suna barin jiki da fitsari. Dokta Owen S. Parret, a cikin littafinsa mai ya sa ba na cin nama, ya lura cewa, idan aka tafasa nama, abubuwa masu cutarwa suna fitowa a cikin abun da ke cikin nama, wanda sakamakon hakan ya kusan yi kama da sinadarai da fitsari. A cikin ƙasashe masu ci gaban masana'antu tare da nau'in haɓakar aikin gona mai zurfi, nama yana "wadatar" tare da abubuwa masu cutarwa da yawa: DDT, arsenic / amfani da shi azaman haɓakar haɓakawa /, sodium sulfate / amfani da shi don ba da nama "sabo", launin ja-ja-jini /, DES, hormone roba / sananne carcinogen/. Gabaɗaya, kayan nama sun ƙunshi carcinogens da yawa har ma da metastasogens. Misali, kawai fam 2 na soyayyen nama ya ƙunshi yawan benzopyrene kamar sigari 600! Ta hanyar rage yawan ƙwayar cholesterol, muna rage yiwuwar tara mai, sabili da haka haɗarin mutuwa daga bugun zuciya ko apoplexy.
Irin wannan al'amari kamar atherosclerotic ra'ayi ne gaba ɗaya ga mai cin ganyayyaki. In ji Encyclopædia Britannica, “Ana ɗaukar sunadaran da aka samu daga goro, hatsi, har ma da kayan kiwo, suna da tsabta da bambanci da waɗanda ake samu a cikin naman sa—suna ɗauke da kusan kashi 68% na gurɓataccen ruwa.” Wadannan "ƙazanta" suna da mummunar tasiri ba kawai a kan zuciya ba, har ma a jiki gaba ɗaya.
Jikin mutum shine mafi hadadden inji. Kuma, kamar kowace mota, man fetur daya ya fi dacewa da shi fiye da wani. Bincike ya nuna cewa nama ba shi da amfani sosai ga wannan na'ura, kuma yana da tsada. Misali, Eskimos, wadanda galibi suna cin kifi da nama, suna tsufa da sauri. Tsawon rayuwarsu da kyar ya wuce shekaru 30. Kirghiz a wani lokaci suma suna cin nama galibi kuma da wuya su rayu fiye da shekaru 40. A daya bangaren kuma, akwai kabilu irin su Hunza da ke zaune a yankin Himalayas, ko kuma kungiyoyin addini irin su ‘yan Adventists na kwana bakwai, wadanda matsakaicin tsawon rayuwarsu ya kai shekaru 80 zuwa 100! Masana kimiyya sun tabbata cewa cin ganyayyaki shine dalilin kyakkyawan lafiyar su. Mutanen Indiyawan Maya na Yutacan da ƙabilar Yemen na ƙungiyar Semitic suma sun shahara saboda kyakkyawar lafiyarsu - kuma godiya ga cin ganyayyaki.
Kuma a ƙarshe, ina so in jaddada abu ɗaya. Lokacin cin nama, mutum, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya ɓoye shi a ƙarƙashin ketchups, miya da gravies. Yana sarrafa shi da gyara shi ta hanyoyi daban-daban: soya, tafasa, stews, da dai sauransu. Menene duk wannan? Me ya sa, kamar mafarauta, ba za su ci danye nama ba? Yawancin masana abinci mai gina jiki, masanan halittu da masana ilimin lissafi sun tabbatar da cewa mutane ba masu cin abinci ba ne ta yanayi. Shi ya sa suke ƙwazo da gyare-gyaren abincin da bai dace da kansu ba.
A ilimin halittar jiki, mutane sun fi kusanci da masu tsiro kamar birai, giwaye, da shanu fiye da namun daji kamar karnuka, damisa, da damisa. Bari mu ce mafarauta ba sa gumi; a cikin su, musayar zafi yana faruwa ta hanyar masu kula da yanayin numfashi da harshe mai tasowa. Dabbobin masu cin ganyayyaki kuwa, suna da glandon gumi don haka, ta hanyar da abubuwa daban-daban masu cutarwa ke barin jiki. Mafarauta suna da dogayen hakora masu kaifi don kamawa da kashe ganima; Herbivores suna da gajerun hakora kuma ba su da farata. Tushen mafarauta ba ya ƙunshi amylase don haka ba zai iya rushewar sitaci na farko ba. Glandan namun daji suna samar da adadin hydrochloric acid mai yawa don narkar da ƙashi. Muƙamuƙi na mafarauta suna da ƙarancin motsi sama da ƙasa, yayin da a cikin herbivores suna motsawa a cikin jirgin sama a kwance don tauna abinci. Predators suna lanƙwasa ruwa, kamar misali, cat, herbivores suna zana shi ta cikin haƙoransu. Akwai irin waɗannan misalai da yawa, kuma kowannensu yana nuna jikin ɗan adam yayi daidai da tsarin cin ganyayyaki. Ta hanyar ilimin lissafi kawai, mutane ba su dace da abincin nama ba.
Anan akwai yuwuwar muhawarar da ta fi dacewa da cin ganyayyaki. Tabbas, kowa yana da 'yanci don yanke shawara da kansa wanda samfurin abinci mai gina jiki zai bi. Amma zaɓin da aka yi don goyan bayan cin ganyayyaki babu shakka zai zama zaɓin da ya cancanta!
Source: http://www.veggy.ru/