Abubuwan bitamin, waɗanda ake buƙata don ingantaccen aikin ƙwayoyin cuta, galibi ana ba da abinci. Madara a cikin watanni na farko, wanda aka cika da duk sauran abinci a lokacin rarrabuwa, sune tushen bitamin ga jarirai. Koyaya, cin abinci na wasu muhimman bitamin bai isa ga jarirai ba. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa aka bada shawarar kari. Wadanne bitamin ne abin ya shafa? Wace rawa suke takawa a jiki? Duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da bitamin ga jariri.

Vitamin D yana samuwa ne ta jiki a ƙarƙashin rinjayar hasken rana. Daidai daidai, fatar jikinmu tana haɗa ta lokacin da muka fallasa kanmu ga rana. Hakanan ana samun wannan bitamin a cikin wasu abinci (salmon, mackerel, sardines, gwaiduwa, man shanu, madara, da sauransu). Vitamin D yana sauƙaƙa sha na hanji na alli da phosphorus, wanda ya zama dole don haɓakar ƙashi. A takaice dai, bitamin D yana da matukar mahimmanci, musamman a cikin jariri, saboda yana taimakawa wajen girma da karfafa kasusuwa.

A cikin jarirai, shan bitamin D da ke cikin madarar nono ko tsarin jarirai bai isa ba. Don hana rickets, cuta da ke haifar da nakasa da rashin isasshen ma'adinai na ƙasusuwa, ana ba da shawarar ƙarin bitamin D a cikin duk yara daga farkon kwanakin rayuwa. "Dole ne a ci gaba da wannan ƙarin a duk lokacin ci gaban da haɓaka ma'adinin kashi, wato zuwa shekaru 18", in ji Associationungiyar Ambulatory Pediatrics ta Faransa (AFPA).

Daga haihuwa zuwa watanni 18, shawarar da aka ba da shawarar ita ce 800 zuwa 1200 IU a rana. Adadin ya bambanta dangane da ko yaron yana shan nono ko tsarin jarirai:

• idan ana shayar da jariri nono, kari shine 1200 IU a rana.

Daga watanni 18 zuwa shekaru 5, ana ba da shawarar ƙarin kari a cikin hunturu (don ramawa saboda ƙarancin fallasa hasken halitta). Ana ba da shawarar wani ƙarin kari yayin lokacin balaga.

Ana ci gaba da sabunta waɗannan shawarwarin a halin yanzu. "Waɗannan za su yi daidai da shawarwarin Turai, wato 400 IU a kowace rana daga 0 zuwa 18 shekaru a cikin yara masu lafiya ba tare da abubuwan haɗari ba, da 800 IU a kowace rana daga 0 zuwa 18 a cikin yara masu haɗarin haɗari," in ji Hukumar Kula da Abinci ta Kasa. Hukumar (ANSES) a cikin sanarwar manema labarai da aka buga a ranar 27 ga Janairu, 2021.

Ƙarin bitamin D a cikin jarirai ya kamata a ba da umarni ta ƙwararren likita. Dole ne ya kasance a cikin hanyar magani kuma ba a cikin nau'in kayan abinci masu wadatar da bitamin D ba (wani lokacin da yawa bitamin D).  

Yawan wuce haddi na bitamin D ba tare da haɗari ga yara ƙanana ba. A watan Janairun 2021, ANSES ta faɗakar da al'amuran da suka shafi yawan shan abin sha a cikin ƙananan yara bayan cin abincin da aka wadata da bitamin D. Yaran da abin ya shafa sun gabatar da hypercalcemia (yawan alli a cikin jini) wanda zai iya cutar da kodan. Don gujewa yawan wuce gona da iri mai haɗari ga lafiyar jarirai, ANSES tana tunatar da iyaye da ƙwararrun masana kiwon lafiya:

kar a ninka samfuran da ke ɗauke da bitamin D. 

• don fifita magunguna akan kari abinci.
• duba allurai da aka gudanar (duba adadin bitamin D a kowace digo).

Vitamin K yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin coagulation na jini, yana taimakawa hana zubar jini. Jikinmu ba ya samar da shi, don haka ana ba shi abinci (koren kayan lambu, kifi, nama, ƙwai). A lokacin haihuwa, jarirai suna da ƙarancin ajiyar bitamin K sabili da haka suna da haɗarin haɗarin zubar jini (na ciki da na waje), wanda zai iya zama mai matukar wahala idan sun shafi kwakwalwa. An yi sa'a, waɗannan ba safai ba ne. 

Don gujewa zubar jini na karancin bitamin K, ana ba jarirai a Faransa 2 MG na bitamin K yayin haihuwa a asibiti, 2 MG tsakanin ranar 4th da 7th na rayuwa da 2 MG a wata 1.

Yakamata a ci gaba da wannan ƙarin a cikin jarirai masu shayarwa kawai (madarar nono ba ta da wadatar bitamin K fiye da madarar jarirai). Don haka, ana ba da shawarar bayar da allura ɗaya na 2 MG da baki a kowane mako muddin nonon ya keɓe. Da zarar an gabatar da madarar jarirai, ana iya dakatar da wannan ƙarin. 

Baya ga bitamin D da bitamin K, ba a ba da shawarar ƙarin bitamin a cikin jarirai, sai dai bisa shawarar likita.