Sautunan da ke cikin kai waɗanda masu ciwon schizophrenia ke ji galibi su ne abin dariya, kawai saboda tunanin wani abu makamancin haka yana da ban tsoro ga yawancin mu. Duk da haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a yi ƙoƙari mu shawo kan wannan tsoro kuma mu fahimci ainihin abin da ke faruwa a cikin tunanin marasa lafiya don ɗaukar wani mataki na ɓata wannan da sauran cututtuka na hankali.
Daya daga cikin bayyanar cututtuka na schizophrenia (kuma ba kawai shi) ne auditory hallucinations, kuma su bakan ne quite m. Wasu marasa lafiya suna jin sautuna ɗaya kawai: bushewa, raɗaɗi, ƙara. Wasu kuma suna magana game da furucin magana da muryoyin da ke tuntuɓar su da wasu saƙonni - gami da umarni iri-iri. Yana faruwa cewa suna zuga majiyyaci zuwa wani abu - alal misali, suna ba da umarnin cutar da kansu ko wasu.
Kuma akwai dubban shaidun irin waɗannan muryoyin. Ga yadda mashahurin masanin kimiyya, masanin halittu Alexander Panchin, ya bayyana wannan al'amari a cikin shahararren littafin kimiyya "Kariya daga Dark Arts": "Masu fama da schizophrenia sukan gani, ji kuma suna jin abubuwan da ba a can ba. Misali, muryoyin magabata, mala’iku ko aljanu. Don haka, wasu majinyata sun yi imanin cewa shaidan ne ke amfani da su ko kuma ayyukan sirri.”
Tabbas, ga waɗanda ba su taɓa samun irin wannan abu ba, yana da wuya a yarda da irin wannan tauraro, amma nazarin da aka yi amfani da aikin maganadisu na maganadisu (fMRI) ya tabbatar da cewa mutane da yawa suna jin abin da wasu ba sa ji. Me ke faruwa a kwakwalwarsu?
Ya bayyana cewa a lokacin abubuwan hallucinatory a cikin marasa lafiya na schizophrenic, sassan kwakwalwa iri ɗaya suna kunna kamar waɗanda mu ke jin amo na gaske. Yawancin karatun fMRI sun nuna karuwar kunnawa a yankin Broca, yankin kwakwalwa da ke da alhakin samar da magana.
Me yasa sashin kwakwalwar da ke da alhakin fahimtar magana ya kunna, kamar a zahiri mutum ya ji wani abu?
Rage cutar tabin hankali wani tsari ne mai rikitarwa kuma mai matuƙar mahimmanci na zamantakewa.
A cewar wata ka'idar, irin wannan hallucinations suna da alaƙa da rashi a cikin tsarin kwakwalwa - alal misali, tare da haɗin gwiwa mai rauni tsakanin lobes na gaba da na lokaci. "Wasu kungiyoyi na neurons, wadanda ke da alhakin halitta da fahimtar magana, za su iya fara aiki da kansu, a waje da iko ko tasiri na sauran tsarin kwakwalwa," in ji masanin ilimin hauka na Jami'ar Yale Ralph Hoffman. "Kamar sashin kirtani na ƙungiyar mawaƙa ba zato ba tsammani sun yanke shawarar yin kiɗan nasu, suna watsi da kowa."
Mutane masu lafiya waɗanda ba su taɓa samun irin wannan ba sau da yawa sun fi son yin ba'a game da ruɗi da ruɗi. Watakila, wannan shi ne martaninmu na tsaro: don tunanin cewa ba zato ba tsammani kalmar wani ta bayyana a kai, wanda ba za a iya katse shi ta hanyar ƙoƙari na son rai ba, na iya zama da ban tsoro sosai.
Abin da ya sa ɓata cutar tabin hankali abu ne mai rikitarwa kuma mai matuƙar mahimmanci tsarin zamantakewa. Cecilly McGaugh, masanin ilimin taurari daga Amurka, ya ba da jawabi a taron TED "Ni ba dodo ba ne", yana magana game da rashin lafiyarta da kuma yadda mutumin da ke da irin wannan ganewar ya rayu.
A cikin duniya, ana gudanar da aikin ta'addanci ta hanyar ƙwararrun masana daban-daban. Ya shafi ba kawai 'yan siyasa, likitocin hauka da ayyukan zamantakewa ba. Don haka, Rafael D. de S. Silva, mataimakin farfesa a fannin fasahar kwamfuta a Jami'ar Kudancin California, da abokan aikinsa sun ba da shawarar yin yaki da cin mutuncin marasa lafiya da schizophrenia ta amfani da ... augmented gaskiya.
Mutane masu lafiya (ƙungiyar gwaji sun haɗa da ɗaliban likitanci) an nemi su shiga ta hanyar ingantaccen zaman gaskiya. An nuna su wani kwaikwayi na gani na gani na gani a cikin schizophrenia. Lokacin nazarin tambayoyin mahalarta, masu binciken sun yi rikodin raguwa mai mahimmanci a cikin shakka da kuma jin tausayi ga labarin wani majinyacin schizophrenic wanda aka gaya musu kafin ƙwarewar kwarewa.
Ko da yake yanayin schizophrenia ba a bayyane yake ba, a bayyane yake cewa wulakanta masu tabin hankali aiki ne mai matuƙar mahimmanci na zamantakewa. Bayan haka, idan ba ku jin kunyar rashin lafiya, to ba za ku ji kunyar komawa wurin likitoci don neman taimako ba.