"Ni mai cin ganyayyaki ne, amma ina cin kifi." Shin kun taɓa jin wannan magana? A koyaushe ina so in tambayi masu cewa, menene tunanin kifi? Suna la'akari da shi wani abu kamar kayan lambu kamar karas ko farin kabeji!
Kifaye marasa galihu koyaushe ana fuskantar mafi ƙasƙanci magani, kuma na tabbata saboda wani ya sami kyakkyawan ra'ayi cewa kifi ba ya jin zafi. Ka yi tunani game da shi. Kifi yana da hanta da ciki, jini, idanu da kunnuwa - a gaskiya, yawancin gabobin ciki, kamar mu - amma kifi ba ya jin zafi? To me yasa take buƙatar tsarin kulawa na tsakiya wanda ke watsa abubuwan motsa jiki zuwa ko daga kwakwalwa, gami da jin zafi. Tabbas, kifi yana jin zafi, wanda shine ɓangare na tsarin rayuwa. Duk da karfin kifin na jin zafi, babu hani ko ka'idoji kan yadda ake kashe su. Kuna iya yin duk abin da kuke so da ita. A mafi yawan lokuta ana kashe kifin ne ta hanyar yanka cikin da wuka da sakin cikin, ko kuma a jefa su cikin akwatuna inda suka shake. Don ƙarin koyo game da kifi, na taɓa yin balaguron jirgin ruwa kuma na yi mamakin abin da na gani. Na koyi abubuwa masu muni da yawa, amma mafi muni shine abin da ya faru da fulawar, babban kifi mai lebur mai lemu. An jefa ta cikin akwati da wasu kifaye kuma bayan sa'a guda na ji a zahiri suna mutuwa. Na faɗa wa ɗaya daga cikin matuƙan jirgin, wanda, ba tare da jinkiri ba, ya fara dukanta da kulake. Ina tsammanin ya fi mutuƙar shaƙa kuma na ɗauka kifi ya mutu. Bayan sa'o'i shida, na lura cewa har yanzu bakunansu suna buɗewa suna rufewa saboda rashin iskar oxygen. Wannan azaba ta dauki awa goma. An kirkiro hanyoyin kama kifi iri-iri. A kan jirgin da nake ciki, akwai wani katon nauyi tarkon net. Nauyi masu nauyi sun riƙe tarun zuwa ƙasan teku, suna ta kaɗawa da niƙa yayin da suke tafiya a kan yashi suna kashe ɗaruruwan rayayyun halittu. Lokacin da aka fitar da kifin da aka kama daga cikin ruwa, cikinsa da kogon idonsa na iya fashewa saboda bambancin matsa lamba. Sau da yawa kifayen suna “nutse” saboda akwai da yawa daga cikinsu a cikin gidan yanar gizo wanda gills ba zai iya yin kwangila ba. Baya ga kifaye, wasu dabbobi da yawa suna shiga gidan yanar gizon - ciki har da kifin starfish, kaguwa da kifi, ana jefa su a cikin ruwa don su mutu. Akwai wasu ƙa'idodin kamun kifi - galibi suna da alaƙa da girman gidajen sauro da wanda kuma a ina zai iya kifi. Wadannan ka'idoji guda daya ne kasashe ke gabatar da su a cikin ruwan tekun su. Akwai kuma dokoki na nawa da irin nau'in kifi da za ku iya kama. Ana kiran su rabon kifi. Yana iya zama kamar waɗannan dokokin sun tsara yawan kifin da aka kama, amma a gaskiya babu wani abu makamancin haka. Wannan wani ɗanyen ƙoƙari ne na sanin adadin kifin da ya rage. A Turai, adadin kifin yana aiki kamar haka: ɗauki cod da haddock, alal misali, saboda yawanci suna rayuwa tare. Lokacin da aka jefa ragar, idan an kama cod, to, haddock ma. Sai dai wani lokacin kyaftin din ya boye haramtaccen jirgin ruwa da aka kama a wurare na sirri a cikin jirgin. Mai yiwuwa, wannan kifi za a sake jefa shi cikin teku, amma akwai matsala ɗaya, wannan kifi ya riga ya mutu! Mai yiwuwa, kashi arba'in cikin ɗari fiye da kifin da aka kafa ya mutu ta wannan hanyar. Abin baƙin ciki, ba kawai haddock ne ke fama da waɗannan ƙa'idodin hauka ba, amma kowane nau'in kifin da aka kama a cikin tsarin rabo. A cikin manyan buɗaɗɗen tekuna na duniya ko kuma a yankunan bakin teku na ƙasashe matalauta, ba a sarrafa kamun kifi da kyau. A gaskiya ma, akwai 'yan dokoki da irin wannan nau'in kamun kifi ya bayyana kamar KAFAN BIOMASS. Da wannan hanyar na kamun kifi, ana amfani da wata sirara mai yawa, wadda ke kama duk wani mai rai, ko da karamin kifi ko kaguwa ba zai iya tserewa daga wannan tarun ba. Mazauna a Tekun Kudu suna da sabuwar hanya mai banƙyama ta kama sharks. Ya ƙunshi gaskiyar cewa sharks ɗin da aka kama ana yanke finsu yayin da suke raye. Daga nan sai a sake jefa kifin a cikin teku don su mutu saboda gigice. Wannan yana faruwa ga sharks miliyan 100 a kowace shekara, duk don miya na shark da ake yi a gidajen cin abinci na kasar Sin a duniya. Wata hanyar gama gari, wacce ta haɗa da amfani jaka seine. Wannan seine yana lulluɓe manyan garken kifi kuma ba wanda zai iya tserewa. Gidan yanar gizon ba shi da yawa sosai don haka ƙananan kifaye za su iya fita daga ciki, amma yawancin manya sun kasance a cikin gidan kuma wadanda suka tsere ba za su iya yin sauri ba don dawo da asarar da aka yi. Abin baƙin ciki ne, amma tare da irin wannan kamun kifi ne dolphins da sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa na ruwa sukan shiga cikin tarun. Sauran nau'ikan kamun kifi, gami da hanyar da ɗaruruwa ƙugiya masu kama makale da layin kamun kifi mai tsayin kilomita da yawa. Ana amfani da wannan hanyar a bakin tekun dutsen da ke iya karya ragar. Abubuwan fashewa da abubuwa masu guba, kamar ruwan bleaching, wani bangare ne na fasahar kamun kifi da ke kashe dabbobi da yawa fiye da kifin. Wataƙila hanyar kamun kifi mafi ɓarna shine amfani drift cibiyar sadarwa. An yi tarun ne da sirara amma mai ƙarfi na nylon kuma kusan ba a iya gani a cikin ruwa. Ana kiranta "bangon mutuwa“saboda dabbobi da yawa suna shiga cikinta suna mutuwa - dolphins, kananan whales, hatimin fur, tsuntsaye, haskoki da sharks. An jefar da su duka saboda masunta suna kama tuna kawai. Kimanin dolphins miliyan guda ne ke mutuwa a kowace shekara a cikin ragamar ragamar ruwa saboda ba za su iya tashi sama don yin numfashi ba. Yanzu ana amfani da gidajen sauro a duk faɗin duniya, kuma a baya-bayan nan, sun bayyana a Burtaniya da Turai, inda tsawon gidan yanar gizon dole ne bai wuce kilomita 2.5 ba. A sararin samaniyar tekun Pasifik da Atlantic, inda babu iko sosai, tsawon hanyoyin sadarwar na iya kaiwa kilomita 30 ko ma fiye da haka. Wani lokaci waɗannan tarunan suna karyewa a lokacin guguwa kuma suna yawo, suna kashewa da lalata dabbobi. A ƙarshe, gidan yanar gizon, cike da gawawwaki, yana nutsewa zuwa ƙasa. Bayan ɗan lokaci, jikin ya bazu kuma net ɗin ya sake tashi sama don ci gaba da lalacewa da lalacewa marasa ma'ana. A kowace shekara, jiragen kamun kifi na kasuwanci suna kama kimanin tan miliyan 100 na kifi, yawancin mutanen da aka kama ba su da lokacin da za su kai shekarun balagagge, don haka albarkatun da ke cikin teku ba su da lokacin sake cikawa. A kowace shekara lamarin yana kara ta'azzara. Duk lokacin da aka tuna da wani kamar Hukumar Abinci da Aikin Noma ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya game da barnar da aka sake yi, waɗannan gargaɗin kawai ana watsi da su. Kowa ya san cewa teku tana mutuwa, amma ba wanda yake son yin wani abu don hana kamun kifi, za a iya asarar kuɗi da yawa. Tun bayan ƙarshen yakin duniya na biyu, an raba tekuna zuwa gida 17 wuraren kamun kifi. A cewar Hukumar Aikin Noma, tara daga cikinsu yanzu suna cikin “mummunan raguwa a wasu nau’in.” Sauran yankuna takwas suna cikin yanayi iri daya, musamman saboda kamun kifi. Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don Nazarin Tekuna (ICES) - babban kwararre a fannin teku da teku - shi ma ya damu matuka game da halin da ake ciki. Katafaren gungun mackerel da ke zama a cikin Tekun Arewa yanzu duk sun kare, a cewar ICES. ICES ta kuma yi kashedin cewa nan da shekaru biyar, daya daga cikin nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in iri (ICES) ya yi gargadin cewa nan da shekaru biyar, daya daga cikin nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in halitta (ICES) na iya bacewa gaba daya. Babu wani laifi tare da duk wannan idan kuna son jellyfish, saboda kawai za su tsira. Amma abin da ya fi muni shi ne, a mafi yawan lokuta, dabbobin da ake kamawa a cikin teku ba sa kan teburi. Ana sarrafa su ta hanyar takin zamani ko kuma a yi su a goge takalma ko kyandir. Ana kuma amfani da su azaman abinci ga dabbobin gona. Za a iya yarda da shi? Muna kama kifi da yawa, mu sarrafa shi, yin pellets kuma muna ciyar da shi ga sauran kifin! Don shuka fam ɗin kifi a gona, muna buƙatar fam 4 na kifin daji. Wasu na ganin cewa noman kifi shine maganin matsalar gushewar teku, amma hakan yana da illa. Miliyoyin kifaye ne ke tsare a cikin ruwan tekun, kuma ana sare itatuwan mangwaro da ke tsirowa a gabar tekun da yawan gaske domin samar da hanyar noma. A wurare kamar Philippines, Kenya, Indiya da Thailand, fiye da kashi 70 cikin 2000 na dazuzzukan mangwaro sun riga sun bace kuma ana sare su. Gandun daji na mango suna zaune ne da nau'ikan rayuwa daban-daban, fiye da 80 tsirrai da dabbobi daban-daban suna zaune a cikinsu. Su ne kuma inda kashi XNUMX cikin XNUMX na duk kifayen teku a doron duniya suke haifuwa. Gonakin kifin da ke bayyana a wurin da ake noman mangwaro na gurɓata ruwa, suna rufe bakin teku da tarkacen abinci da najasa, wanda ke lalata duk wani rai. Ana ajiye kifin a cikin kejin da ya cika cunkoso kuma ya zama mai saurin kamuwa da cututtuka kuma ana ba su maganin rigakafi da magungunan kashe kwari don kashe kwayoyin cuta irin su kwarin ruwa. Bayan 'yan shekaru, yanayin ya zama gurɓatacce har aka koma gonakin kifin zuwa wani wuri, an sake yanke gonakin mangwaro. A cikin Norway da Burtaniya, galibi a cikin fjords da tafkunan Scotland, gonakin kifi suna girma salmon Atlantic. A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, kifin kifi na yin iyo daga kunkuntar kogin dutse zuwa zurfin Atlantic na Greenland. Kifin yana da ƙarfi sosai har yana iya tsalle a cikin magudanan ruwa ko kuma ya yi iyo a kan magudanar ruwa. Mutane sun yi ƙoƙari su nutsar da waɗannan illolin kuma su ajiye waɗannan kifaye da yawa a cikin kejin ƙarfe. Kasancewar teku da teku sun ragu, mutane ne kawai ke da laifi. Ka yi tunanin abin da zai faru da tsuntsaye, hatimi, dolphins da sauran dabbobi masu cin kifi. Sun riga sun yi gwagwarmaya don tsira, kuma makomarsu ba ta da kyau. To watakila mu bar musu kifi?