Maɓalli mai mahimmanci a cikin gwajin likitan mata na asibiti, gwajin farji sau da yawa ana yin shi akai-akai a kowace ziyarar likitan mata, kuma akai-akai yayin kula da ciki. Duk da haka, an yi tambaya game da amfaninsa da tsarinsa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.

Hannun hannu ya ƙunshi shigar da yatsu biyu a cikin farji, taɓawar farji yana ba da damar auscultate gabobin pelvic na mace a ciki: farji, cervix, mahaifa, ovaries. Tare da speculum wanda ke ba da damar hangen nesa ga cervix, yana da mahimmin alama na gwajin gynecological.

Dole ne mai aikin (likita mai halarta, likitan mata ko ungozoma) dole ne a tsare-tsare ya sami izinin majiyyaci kafin yin gwajin farji.

Mai haƙuri yana kwance a kan tebur na auscultation, cinyoyinsa sun lanƙwasa kuma an sanya ƙafafu a cikin masu motsa jiki, ƙashin ƙugu da kyau a gefen teburin. Bayan sanya gadon yatsa ko kuma bakararre da safar hannu mai mai mai, mai aikin zai gabatar da yatsu biyu zuwa kasan farji. Yana farawa da jin farji, bangonta, sai mahaifar mahaifa. Da daya hannun nasa ya dora a cikinsa, sannan zai yi tafe da mahaifar daga waje. Haɗe tare da taɓawar farji, wannan palpation yana ba da damar sanin girman mahaifar, matsayinsa, azancinsa, motsinsa. Sa'an nan kuma a kowane gefe, yana palpates ovaries don neman yiwuwar taro (fibroma, cyst, tumor).

Shafar su a cikin farji yawanci ba mai zafi ba ne, amma mara dadi, musamman idan majiyyaci ya yi tashin hankali. Kuskure da shiga tsakani, lallai wannan jarrabawa tana tsoron mata da yawa.

A lokacin jarrabawar mahaifa

Ana yin gwajin farji yayin ziyartar likitan mata na yau da kullun don rigakafin rigakafi ga mahaifa, mahaifa da ovaries. Amfaninsa a cikin tsarin tsarin duk da haka an yi tambaya a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ta hanyar bincike daban-daban. Wani bincike da Cibiyar Likitoci ta Amurka (ACP) ta yi, ta haka ne ya kammala cewa, gwajin tsarin farji da aka yi a lokacin jarrabawar gynecological na mata na shekara-shekara ba shi da amfani, ko da ba ta da fa'ida, kuma ya ba da shawarar tabbatar da ita kawai a gaban wasu alamomi: zubar da jini, zubar da jini na al'ada. zafi, matsalolin urinary tract da rashin aiki na jima'i.

A cikin mata masu juna biyu

A lokacin daukar ciki, jarrabawar farji yana ba ka damar duba cervix, tsawonsa, daidaito da budewa, da girman, motsi, matsayi da tausayi na mahaifa. Na dogon lokaci, ana yin shi cikin tsari a kowace ziyarar haihuwa don gano canji a cikin cervix wanda zai iya zama alamar barazanar haihuwa da wuri. Amma tun da wasu nazarin da ke nuna shakku kan mahimmancin wannan karimcin, yawancin masu yin aikin sun sake nazarin aikin su. Shawarwari na HAS na 2005 game da kula da juna biyu suma suna tafiya ta wannan hanyar.

HAKIKA HAS yana nuna cewa" a halin da ake ciki na ilimi, babu wata hujja don aiwatar da jarrabawar farji na yau da kullum. Binciken farji na tsari a cikin mace mai asymptomatic idan aka kwatanta da gwajin da aka yi akan alamun likita baya rage haɗarin haihuwa kafin haihuwa.. Hakanan duban dan tayi na mahaifar mahaifa shima zai zama daidai don tantance mahaifar mahaifa.

A daya bangaren kuma, idan akwai alamun bayyanar cututtuka (cututtukan mahaifa mai raɗaɗi), ” gwajin farji don tantance mahaifar mahaifa yana da mahimmanci don gano barazanar nakuda da wuri. Yana kimanta daidaito na cervix, tsayinsa, dilation da matsayi. », Tunawa da hukuma.

Tare da kusancin haihuwa, jarrabawar farji ya sa ya yiwu a gano alamun balaga na cervix wanda ke nuna haihuwar haihuwa. Har ila yau, yana ba da damar sarrafa tsayin bayyanar tayin (watau kan jariri ko gindinsa a yayin bayyanar breech), da kuma kasancewar ƙananan sashin jiki, ƙananan yanki yana bayyana a ƙarshen ciki tsakanin jiki da jiki. cervix.

A ranar haihuwa, jarrabawar farji yana ba da damar bin buɗaɗɗen mahaifa, tun daga shafewa zuwa cikakkiyar buɗewa, watau 10 cm. A baya can ana aiwatar da su cikin tsari yayin shiga ɗakin haihuwa, sannan kowane sa'o'i 1 zuwa 2 yayin nakuda, a cikin 2017 AS ta ba da sabbin shawarwari game da kula da mara lafiya yayin haihuwa ta al'ada:

• bayar da jarrabawar farji a lokacin shigar mace idan mace ta bayyana tana naƙuda;
• a cikin yanayin fashewar membranes (RPM), ana ba da shawarar kada a gudanar da jarrabawar farji cikin tsari idan mace ba ta da natsuwa mai raɗaɗi.
• bayar da shawarar gwajin farji kowane sa'o'i biyu zuwa hudu a farkon matakin nakuda (daga farkon nakuda na yau da kullun zuwa cikakkiyar dila na mahaifa), ko kafin idan majiyyaci ya bukace shi, ko kuma a yayin da aka sami alamar kira (hannun jini na mahaifa). rhythm baby's heart, etc.).

Bayan haihuwa, ana amfani da jarrabawar farji don sarrafa jujjuyawar mahaifa, wani lokaci ne lokacin da mahaifar ke dawo da girma da kuma maganin farko bayan haihuwa.

Idan a lokacin jarrabawar yau da kullun an gano dunƙule a gwajin farji, za a ba da shawarar duban dan tayi.

A lokacin daukar ciki, a gaban ciwon ciki mai raɗaɗi da ke hade da canje-canje a cikin mahaifa, ana jin tsoron barazanar haihuwa. Gudanarwa zai dogara ne akan matakin ciki.