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Yara 'yan Poland suna yin rigakafin muni fiye da takwarorinsu a Jamhuriyar Czech, Slovakia da Hungary. Alurar riga kafi kyauta sun tsufa, kuma dole ne iyaye su biya bukatun da yawa da kansu.
Iyaye na Poland waɗanda suke so su yi wa yaro alurar riga kafi daidai da ka'idodin da ke aiki a cikin EU dole ne su kashe daga 2 dubu. har zuwa 3 zloty. - Abin da jihar ke bayarwa kyauta shine a matakin kalandar rigakafi na Belarus ko our country - in ji prof. Andrzej Radzikowski, shugaban Asibitin Jami'ar Yara a Warsaw. – Hatta Turkiyya na da kalandar rigakafi a matakin yammacin Turai. An gabatar da sabbin abubuwa a can lokacin da likitan yara ya kasance ministan lafiya. Har ila yau, muna da likitan yara, amma har yanzu ba mu ga wasu canje-canje masu kyau ba - in ji Dokta Paweł Grzesiowski, shugaban Gidauniyar Cibiyar Kare Kamuwa a Warsaw.
Tilas alurar riga kafi ga yara a Poland
A matsayin wani ɓangare na allurar rigakafin dole, ana amfani da tsoffin alluran rigakafi a Poland, waɗanda ke tilasta wa jariri yin harbi akai-akai, maimakon shirye-shiryen zamani waɗanda ke ba da izinin gudanar da alluran rigakafin cututtuka da yawa. A halin yanzu, kowane allura shine ƙarin damuwa ga yaro. A cikin Jamhuriyar Czech da Slovakia, ana samun allurar rigakafi mai kashi shida (DTPa-HBV-IPV-Hib) sosai a cikin shirin rigakafin tilas, da kuma allurar rigakafi mai kashi biyar (DTPa-IPV-Hib) a Hungary. A Poland, duk da haka, ana yi wa yara allurar rigakafi guda uku daban-daban, watau DTP (alurar rigakafin diphtheria, tetanus da pertussis), maganin IPV (hana cutar Heine da Medin, watau ƙwayar cuta ta viral) da kuma Hib (kwayoyin cuta masu haifar da ciwon huhu da sankarau). da sepsis). Bugu da kari, muna yin allurar rigakafin cutar tari mai tsufa, wanda ake kira allurar rigakafin kwayar cutar gaba daya, yayin da akwai allurar cellulose, wanda idan aka kwatanta da allurar kwayar cutar ba ta da yuwuwar haifar da abin da ake kira gida da na gaba. - halayen rigakafi. Bugu da kari, yara masu shekaru XNUMX da aka yi wa allurar har yanzu wani nau'i ne na rigakafin cutar shan inna mai rai, wanda akwai haɗari - ko da yake ƙarami - cewa za su iya yin aiki. A cikin ƙananan yara, mafi aminci, abin da ake kira allurar rigakafin cutar shan inna (IPV). Duk da haka, yana da shekaru shida, rigakafin polio da ya ƙare ya zama dole. Dole ne ku biya don mafi aminci, wanda ba a kunna ba. Jadawalin riga-kafi na wajibi kuma baya haɗa da allurar rigakafin pneumococci da meningococci, wanda zai iya haifar da sepsis mai mutuwa, waɗanda ke cikin wasu ƙasashe.
Alurar rigakafin pneumococci
Shekaru da yawa, likitocin yara suna kira don haɗawa a cikin kalandar rigakafin pneumococcal, wanda ake amfani da shi a Slovakia, Hungary da Jamhuriyar Czech. A Poland, yana yiwuwa a gabatar da su kawai don ƙungiyoyi masu haɗari. Hukumar lafiya ta duniya ta sanya cututtukan pneumococcal, kusa da zazzabin cizon sauro, a sahun gaba a jerin cututtukan da ke yaduwa, wanda ya kamata a ba da fifikon kulawa da rigakafin su. Pneumococcus shine mafi yawan sanadin kamuwa da cututtuka masu tsanani a cikin yara. Suna haifar da kumburin sashin numfashi na sama, m otitis media, kumburin sinuses na paranasal, kuma a wasu yara da manya suna iya haifar da cutar sankarau, ciwon sankara ko ciwon huhu. Ya kamata a tuna cewa matsalar ciwon sankarau na iya zama kurma, makanta, gurgunta gaɓoɓi da rashin hankali. Ana iya lura da tasirin allurar rigakafin cutar pneumococci a Kielce, inda ƙaramar hukumar ta ba da kuɗin ta tsawon shekaru 6. A cikin 2005, yara 136 (har zuwa shekaru biyu) an kwantar da su a asibiti a can saboda ciwon huhu, kuma 18 kawai bayan shekaru biyar na aikin shirin. Har ila yau, abin da ya faru na otitis media ya ragu. – Muna sa ran iyaye da likitoci su yi wa dukkan jarirai allurar rigakafin cutar pneumococci kyauta – ya jaddada prof. Maria Borszewska-Kornacka, shugabar Neonatology da Neonatal Intensive Care Clinic a Asibitin Clinical Fr. Anna Mazowiecka in Warsaw. Har ila yau, babu kuɗi don rigakafin meningococcal a Poland. – Duk da cewa cututtukan meningococcal ba su da yawa fiye da waɗanda pneumococci ke haifar da su, tsarin su yana da ƙarfi. Yara suna mutuwa a kan hanyar zuwa asibiti, ko kuma a lokacin jigilar kaya daga ɗakin shiga zuwa ɗakin kwana - in ji Farfesa. Radzikowski.
Rotavirus alurar riga kafi
Iyayen Poland suma dole su biya kudin allurar rotavirus daga aljihunsu. Cutar gudawa da suke haifarwa na iya haifar da rashin ruwa cikin sauri, wanda a wajen jarirai da yara kanana abu ne mai matukar hadari ga rayuwa. Suna rasa ba kawai ruwa ba, har ma da electrolytes da abubuwan da suka dace don aikin da ya dace na jiki. Asibitin yara a Poland saboda rotaviruses yana kashe PLN miliyan 70 kowace shekara. – Idan har asusun kiwon lafiya na kasa ya ware wannan kudi domin yi wa daukacin al’ummar jarirai allurar rigakafi daga shekara guda, za mu ceci yara daga cutar da matsalolinta, sannan za mu yi tanadin kudaden da ake kashewa a kaikaice, kamar rashin iyayen marasa lafiya. a wurin aiki - ya bayyana Dr. Grzesiwoski.
Komawar tari
Duk da yaduwar rigakafin da aka yi wa jarirai daga tari tun 1950/60, cutar na dawowa. Yana iya haifar da kumburin huhu, bronchi, kodan, meninges har ma da mutuwa. Yana lalata gani, ji da nama na kwakwalwa. A Poland, a shekarar da ta gabata ta kasance abin mamaki, lokacin da lamarin ya karu kusan sau uku. Abin sha'awa, an sami ƙarin lokuta a cikin ƙungiyoyin tsofaffi da raguwa a tsakanin ƙarami. - Sakamakon binciken ya nuna cewa hakan ya faru ne saboda asarar rigakafi tare da wucewar lokaci daga kashi na ƙarshe na maganin alurar riga kafi da kuma bayyanar wasu nau'in kwayoyin cutar toxinogenic - in ji Farfesa Janusz Ślusarczyk Shugaban Kujeru da Sashen Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Jami'ar Likita ta Warsaw. Shi ya sa gwamnan California na lokacin, Arnold Schwarzenegger, ya gabatar da allurar riga-kafi ga dukan ɗalibai a 2011. Ana kuma ba da shawarar yin allurar rigakafin mutanen da ke hulɗa da yara - iyaye, 'yan'uwa. Hakanan a cikin Tarayyar Turai, ƙarin ƙasashe suna gabatar da allurai biyu masu ƙarfafawa ga manyan yara da matasa. A Ostiriya da Luxembourg, ana ba da shawarar yin rigakafin kowace shekara 10 bayan shekaru 16. A Poland, an ƙaddamar da ƙarin maganin rigakafin tari tun 2004 a cikin yara a cikin shekara ta shida na rayuwa. - Idan an mayar da allurar aƙalla wani ɓangare, zai iya ba da gudummawa ga yaduwar alurar riga kafi a cikin ƙungiyoyin matasa da manya - in ji Farfesa. Ślusarczyk.
Shirin rigakafi na Poland
- Abin kunya ne cewa Shirin rigakafin Yaren mutanen Poland bai isa kawai ba daga hangen nesa na Amurka, Kanada ko ƙasashen Yammacin Turai, amma kuma ya fi talauci sosai idan aka kwatanta da shirye-shiryen rigakafin kyauta a cikin Jamhuriyar Czech, Slovakia ko Hungary - ya fusata Farfesa. Andrzej Radzikowski. Don haka menene za a yi don sa yaran Poland su yi maganin alurar riga kafi a matakin Turai da kuma rage rashin daidaituwa a cikin samun damar yin rigakafi, saboda shirye-shiryen ƙananan hukumomi suna sa ya canza dangane da wurin zama? Masana sun yi imanin cewa mafita na iya kasancewa sanya alluran rigakafi a cikin jerin magungunan da aka biya da kuma aƙalla wani ɓangare na biyan kuɗin su ta Asusun Kiwon Lafiya na Ƙasa. Farfesa Radzikowski ya ce baya ga tilas, allurar rigakafin cutar hanta A tsakanin matasa, ya kamata a mayar da allurar rigakafin cutar hanta ta B a duk wani nau'in rigakafin cutar sankarau, da pneumococci a yara da tsofaffi, da meningococci da pertussis a cikin samari. Hakanan ya zama dole a ilmantar da likitoci don ɗaukar allurar rigakafi a Poland ya yi girma sosai. Alurar riga kafi ba batun zabin mutum bane. Ƙarƙashin ɗaukar allurar rigakafin a cikin jama'a, mafi girman yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta da cututtuka a cikin waɗanda ba za a iya yin rigakafin ba saboda dalilai na likita ko kuma waɗanda allurar rigakafin ta yi nasara. – Likitoci da dama suna ba da shawara kan kada a yi wa iyaye alluran rigakafin, domin yaro yakan yi atishawa sau uku kuma yana yin atishawa a koda yaushe saboda yana zuwa wurin gandun daji. Idan kuma Allah ya kiyaye, an samu wani abin kamewa da zazzabi, to an kebe yaron daga alluran rigakafi har karshen rayuwarsa. Wannan bai kamata ya zama lamarin ba, in ji Dokta Piotr Albrech daga Sashen Gastroenterology da Gina Jiki ga Yara a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Warsaw.