Littattafansa sun zama na zamani, kuma fina-finan da aka gina a kansu sun shiga asusun zinare na cinema na duniya. Janairu 3 Magoya bayan Tolkien suna bikin ranar haihuwarsa. Masanin ilimin iyali Jason Whiting yayi magana game da babban ƙaunar marubucin Ingilishi da kuma matar da ta zama gidan kayan gargajiya na rayuwa.
Ana karanta ayyukan John Ronald Reuel Tolkien a duk faɗin duniya. Masoyansa, gnomes da sauran kyawawan halayensa sun canza fuskar adabi da al'adun duniya. Amma me muka sani game da babbar soyayya a rayuwarsa?
“Yaro ne na ban mamaki wanda ya nuna hazaka. Yana son tatsuniyoyi da almara, wasa dara, zana dodanni, kuma ya ƙirƙira harsuna da yawa tun yana ɗan shekara tara,” in ji Jason Whiting, marubucin wani littafi kan dangantaka. - Kowa ya san cewa yana da hazaka, amma mutane kaɗan ne suka san abin da Tolkien ya kasance ba daidai ba. Littafinsa Beren da Lúthien ya fito a cikin 2017, shekaru da yawa bayan mutuwar marubucin, amma ya ba da labari kusa da zuciyarsa. Labari ne na soyayya da sadaukar da kai, wanda Tolkien ke da sha'awar matarsa Edith.
Abota ta koma soyayya
Tolkien ya girma a Ingila a farkon shekarun 1900 a cikin yanayi mai wuyar gaske, ya rasa mahaifinsa da mahaifiyarsa a tsakiyar samartaka. An ɗauke shi a ƙarƙashin kulawar limamin Katolika, Uba Francis, matashi Ronald ya kasance shi kaɗai kuma ya nuna sha'awar tunani da tunani. A 16, shi da ɗan’uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa wani ƙaramin gida. A cikin wannan gidan ya rayu wata yarinya wanda ya canza rayuwar Ronald.
Edith Brett ya riga ya shekara 19 a lokacin. Tana da haske launin toka idanu da ikon kiɗa. Ronald ya ƙaunaci juna kuma ya sami damar tada sha'awar Edith. Labarin abotar yarinyar da 'yan'uwan Tolkien ya fara. Whiting ya kwatanta yadda Ronald ya buɗe taga ya sauke kwandon a kan igiya, kuma Edith ya ɗora shi da kayan ciye-ciye, yana ciyar da marayu. "Irin wannan raguwar kayan abinci cikin sauri dole ne ya burge Misis Faulkner, mai kula da yarinyar, tunda Edith siririya ce kuma karama, kuma tsayinta ya kai santimita 152 kacal."
Turanci Romeo da Juliet
Edith da Ronald sun ƙara lokaci tare. Sun san yadda ake yi wa juna dariya da wawa kamar yara - alal misali, lokacin da suka hadu a dakin shan shayi a rufin wani gida a Birmingham, sun jefa sukari a cikin huluna masu wucewa.
Sadarwar tasu ta dagula wa Paparoma Francis da Misis Faulkner da hankali sosai, wadanda ma'auratan suka yi wa lakabi da "wannan tsohuwar." Masu kula da halin kirki sunyi la'akari da dangantakar da ba ta dace ba kuma sun ji haushi cewa Ronald ya tsallake makaranta. Masoya masu kirkire-kirkire sun fito da wani busa mai sharadi, wanda ya zama alamun kira don yin taɗi ta tagogi da dare.
Tabbas hani da shamaki bai hana su ba, sai dai kawai su yi kokarin kulla makirci. A ƙarshen mako, Ronald da Edith sun yarda su hadu a ƙauye. Kuma ko da yake sun yi taka tsantsan har ma sun dawo daban, wani daga cikin abokansa ya lura da su kuma ya sanar da Uba Francis. Kuma tun a lokaci guda Tolkien ya kasa cin jarrabawar shiga Oxford, waliyyinsa ya dage da cewa ya daina hutu tare da Edith kuma saurayin ya mai da hankali kan karatunsa.
Majiɓincin ya kasance nau'i: Ronald kada ya yi hulɗa da Edith a cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa
Duk da haka, ba zai yiwu ba a raba ma'auratan, kuma sun sake tsara kwanan wata, sun hadu a asirce, sun shiga jirgin kasa kuma suka gudu zuwa wani gari, inda suka je kantin kayan ado don kyauta don ranar haihuwar juna - yarinyar ta cika shekaru 21, Ronald - 18. Amma a wannan karon ma akwai mai shaida taron nasu, kuma Uba Francis ya sake gano komai. A wannan lokacin ya kasance mai mahimmanci: Ronald bai kamata ya yi hulɗa da Edith ba na shekaru uku masu zuwa, har sai ranar haihuwarsa na ashirin da ɗaya. Ga matasa masoya, wannan ya kasance babban rauni.
Tolkien ya yi baƙin ciki, amma cikin biyayya ya bi umarnin waliyinsa. A cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa, ya ci jarrabawar kwaleji kuma ya zauna a Oxford, yana wasa rugby kuma yana koyon Gothic, Anglo-Saxon da Welsh. Koyaya, shiga cikin rayuwar ɗalibi, bai manta da Edith ɗin sa ba.
Komawa
A jajibirin ranar haihuwarsa na ashirin da ɗaya, Ronald ya zauna a gado ya kalli agogon hannunsa. Da tsakar dare ya yi, sai ya fara rubuta wa Edith wasiƙa, yana bayyana ƙaunarsa da miƙa masa aure. Kwanaki da dama sun shude. Tolkien ya sami amsa tare da mummunan labari cewa Edith nasa ya yi alkawari da "wani saurayi mai ban sha'awa". Bisa ka'idar wancan lokacin, tana tsufa - tana da kusan shekaru 24 - kuma lokacin yin aure ya yi. Bugu da ƙari, yarinyar ta ɗauka cewa a cikin shekaru uku Ronald kawai ya manta da ita.
Tolkien yayi tsalle akan jirgin farko zuwa Cheltenham. Edith ya same shi a tashar kuma suka yi tafiya tare da hanyar. Sha'awarsa ta narkar da zuciyar yarinyar, kuma ta yarda ta rabu da ango "mai alƙawarin" kuma ta auri wani baƙon ɗalibi wanda ya nuna sha'awar Beowulf da ilimin harshe.
"Shining Light..."
A cewar masu tarihin rayuwar aurensu ya cika da murna da raha. Tolkiens na da yara hudu. Da zarar, wani labari ya faru ga masoya wanda ya bar alama mai zurfi a kan ran Ronald kuma ya shiga cikin dukan ayyukansa a matsayin ta hanyar motif.
Tare da matarsa, sun bi ta cikin dajin, sai suka sami wani fili mai ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa tare da fadama cike da fararen furanni. Edith ya fara rawa a cikin rana, kuma numfashin Ronald ya kama. Da yake gaya wa ɗansa labarin shekaru da yawa bayan haka, Tolkien ya tuna: “A waɗannan kwanaki, gashinta ya kasance kamar reshe na hankaka, fatarta tana sheki, idanunta sun fi yadda ka tuna, kuma tana iya rera waƙa da rawa.”
Wannan taron ya ƙarfafa marubucin don tsara labari game da Beren da Lúthien, mutum mai mutuwa da elf. Ga layin littafin nan The Silmarillion: “Amma, da yake yawo a tsakiyar rani ta cikin dazuzzukan Neldoret, ya sadu da Lúthien, ’yar Thingol da Melian, sa’ad da da maraice, a fitowar wata, ta yi rawa. a kan ciyawar da ba ta gushewa na farin ciki na bakin teku na Esgalduin. Sa'an nan tunawa da azabar da aka jure ya rabu da shi, kuma ya yi sihiri, gama Lúthien shi ne mafi adalci a cikin 'ya'yan Ilúvatar. Tufafinta shudi ne kamar sararin sama, idanuwanta sun yi duhu kamar daren taurari, alkyabbar rigarta sanye da furannin zinariya, gashinta baƙar fata kamar inuwar dare. Kyawunta kamar haske ne da ke wasa akan ganyen bishiya, da waƙar ruwa mai tsafta, taurari suna tashi sama da hazo, a fuskarta akwai haske mai haske.
Edith ya mutu yana da shekara 82, Tolkien ya zana "Luthien" kusa da dutsen kabari.
Lokacin da Tolkien ya gabatar da rubutun Ubangiji na Zobba ga mawallafin, mawallafin ya yi tambaya game da hikimar haɗa duk wani abu na soyayya a cikin labarin. Musamman ma, an gaya wa matashin marubuci cewa labarin Aragorn da Arwen, kamar na Beren da Lúthien, ya kasance "ba dole ba ne kuma na sama". Mawallafin ya ji cewa littafin game da mutane, sihiri da kuma yaƙe-yaƙe ba ya buƙatar wani yanayi na soyayya.
Duk da haka, Tolkien ya tsaya tsayin daka, yana ambaton ikon ƙauna mai ban sha'awa. A cikin wata wasiƙa zuwa mawallafi Rayner Unwin, ya yi gardama game da haɗa jigon Aragorn da Arwen: “Har yanzu ina ganin yana da muhimmanci sosai, domin misalin bege ne. Ina fatan ka bar wannan wurin.” Sha'awarsa ta sake mamayewa, don haka Tolkien ya adana littafinsa a tarihi.
Edith ya mutu a shekara ta 1971 yana da shekaru 82, kuma Tolkien ya zana "Lúthien" kusa da sunanta akan dutsen kabari. Ya rasu bayan wata ashirin da ɗaya, aka binne shi tare da ita, an ƙara masa suna “Beren”.
So da kin kai
"Karfafa dangantaka tsakanin Tolkien da ƙaunataccen Edith ya nuna zurfin jin da mutane za su iya kaiwa," in ji Jason Whiting.
Duk da haka, ko da yake dangantakar tana haskakawa tare da sha'awar, suna ci gaba da rayuwa a kan farashi mai girma da sadaukarwa. Tolkien ya fahimci haka yayin da yake tunanin dalilin da yasa aurensa ya kasance mai ƙarfi. Ya yi tunani: “Kusan dukan ma’aurata, har ma da masu farin ciki, kuskure ne domin ma’auratan za su iya samun ma’auratan da suka dace. Amma abokin aure na gaskiya shine wanda kuka zaba, wanda kuka aura.
Tolkien ya san cewa ƙauna ta gaskiya ba ta samuwa ta hanyar walƙiya na sha'awa.
Duk da yanayinsa na sha’awa, marubucin ya fahimci cewa dangantaka tana bukatar aiki: “Babu wani mutum, ko da yaya yake ƙaunar wanda ya zaɓa a matsayin amarya, ko da yaya yake da aminci gare ta a matsayin matar, da zai zauna har dukan rayuwarsa ba tare da aure ba. yanke shawara mai ƙarfi da sanin ya kamata, ba tare da kin rai da jiki ba.
"Tolkien ya san cewa ƙauna ta gaskiya ba ta samuwa ta hanyar walƙiya na sha'awa," in ji Whiting. Tana buƙatar kulawa akai-akai da kulawa daki-daki. Alal misali, Ronald da Edith suna son su mai da hankali ga juna kuma suna ba da ƙananan kyauta. A lokacin balaga, sun dauki lokaci mai yawa suna magana game da yara da jikoki. Dangantakar su ta ginu ne bisa sha’awa da abota, wanda ya raya wannan soyayya tun farkon zawarcinsa har zuwa karshen rayuwa.
Game da Masanin: Jason Whiting masanin ilimin iyali ne, farfesa na ilimin halin dan Adam, kuma marubucin Soyayya ta Gaskiya. Hanyoyi masu ban mamaki na yaudarar kai a cikin dangantaka.