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Masana kimiyya, croakers, croakers babban iyali ne na kifaye, ciki har da kimanin nau'in 56 da nau'in 250. Yana da kyau a lura a nan cewa wasu nau'in wannan iyali suna zaune a cikin tafkunan ruwa mai tsabta. Dabbobin ruwa sun haɗa da kusan crockers 16, yawancin su ana samun su a Kudancin Amurka. Dukkan slabs ana siffanta su da matsi a gefe, ingantacciyar jiki mai tsayi; yawancin nau'ikan suna da guntun gani. Ƙarfin ƙwanƙwasa yana ninki biyu, na biyu (mai laushi) ɗaya ya fi tsayi. An lulluɓe jikin gaba ɗaya da ma'auni mai zagaye tare da keɓaɓɓen gefen waje. Baki yana da ƙasa kaɗan, haƙarƙarin kifin yana rufe da ƙananan hakora, amma a cikin wasu nau'in akwai nau'in kundi ko ma mai siffar incisor. Launi na iya bambanta sosai. Wani fasalin wasu croakers shine "hayaniyar su". Suna da ikon yin sauti. Girman wasu nau'ikan na iya kaiwa tsayin mita 2 kuma sama da kilogiram 20 a nauyi. Kifi suna rayuwa cikin manyan kungiyoyi. Croakers suna ciyarwa dangane da nau'in, wasu mafarauta ne masu aiki, wasu sun fi son benthos (dabbobin buƙatun). Yawancin nau'ikan suna da abinci. Mafi yawan kamun kifi, nau'ikan masana kimiyya da yawa, ana yin su ne a kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Wasu nau'ikan ruwan ruwa da na ruwa sune "kiman ruwa". An haife su a China da Brazil.
Hanyoyin kamun kifi
Kamun kifi ya shahara sosai tare da masu son kama kifi. Ya isa a ce akwai nau'ikan croakers guda 2 a kusa da bakin tekun Black Sea na Rasha: haske da duhu. Suna kama shinge akan kayan aiki daban-daban, amma ɗayan shahararrun shine "donka". Muhimmin fasali shine cewa a mafi yawan lokuta, ana yin kamun kifi a zurfin zurfin (7-10m), akan ƙasa mai wahala, kuma galibi ana buƙatar simintin nesa. A wasu lokuta, ana amfani da kayan iyo "dogon simintin gyare-gyare", a cikin bambance-bambancen - "gear drifting". Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa croakers na iya ciyarwa a kusa da raƙuman ruwa ko duwatsu, kuma saboda kifi yana da raye-raye kuma yana iya zama babba, yin amfani da kayan aiki na kasa yana da rikitarwa. Bugu da kari, ana kama masu kamun kifi a kan injinan kamun kifi da kamun kifi, a cikin nau'in kamun kifi na teku. Ga kowane nau'in kamun kifi na croaker, mafi kyawun lokutan kamun kifi shine faɗuwar rana da dare.
Kama slabus akan kayan aikin ƙasa
Yawancin masu kama kifi sun gwammace su kama croakers daga gaɓar tare da sandunan ƙasa na "tsawon tsayi". An yi imanin cewa croaker, a mafi yawan lokuta, yana ɗan nesa da bakin teku a cikin zurfin ruwa na yankin bakin teku. Don kayan aiki na ƙasa, ana amfani da sanduna daban-daban tare da "gudu na gudu", waɗannan na iya zama duka sandunan "surf" na musamman da kuma sanduna daban-daban. Tsawon tsayi da gwajin sanduna ya kamata ya dace da ayyukan da aka zaɓa da ƙasa. Kamar yadda yake da sauran hanyoyin kamun kifi, babu buƙatar amfani da na'urori masu laushi. Wannan yana da alaƙa da yanayin kamun kifi da kuma ikon kama kifi mai girma da rai, wanda dole ne a tilasta jigilar shi, saboda croaker yana da al'ada, idan akwai haɗari, ya ɓoye a cikin ƙasa mai dutse. A yawancin lokuta, kamun kifi na iya faruwa a zurfin zurfi da nisa, wanda ke nufin cewa ya zama dole don ƙare layin na dogon lokaci, wanda ke buƙatar wasu motsa jiki na masunta da ƙarin buƙatun don ƙarfin tuntuɓar da reels. , musamman. Bisa ga ka'idar aiki, coils na iya zama duka biyu masu yawa kuma marasa aiki. Sabili da haka, an zaɓi sandunan dangane da tsarin reel. Don zaɓar wurin kamun kifi, kuna buƙatar tuntuɓar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru ko jagorori. Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, ana yin kamun kifi da dare. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne a yi amfani da na'urorin sigina daban-daban. Cizon croaker ba zato ba ne kuma yana da kaifi sosai, don haka kada ku bar kayan aiki ba tare da kula ba. In ba haka ba, akwai haɗari cewa kifi zai "bar" a cikin duwatsu da sauransu.
Kama croakers tare da kadi da tashi kayan kamun kifi
A halin yanzu, hawan igiyar ruwa don kamun kifi da kamun kifi yana ƙara samun karɓuwa. Siffar kamun kifi na croaker shine, saboda halaye na kifin, mafi kyawun lokacin shine zurfin magriba da dare. Babban ɓangaren wannan kamun kifi shine fitilar kai. Ƙarfin ƙwanƙwasa, duka a cikin kamun gardama da kuma a cikin juyi, ya dogara da girman ɗimbin lallausan, wurin kamun kifi da kuma gwanintar magudanar ruwa. Game da kamun kifi, yana da kyau a lura cewa ban da al'adar da aka riga aka saba da ita ga Rashawa, maganin hannu ɗaya na azuzuwan daban-daban, yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da sanduna na musamman don kamun kifi, da kuma masu sauyawa.
Batsa
A cikin yanayin yin amfani da rigs don kamun kifi a kan riguna na halitta, nau'in shrimp ko naman kaguwa na iya zama mafi kyawun baits. A wannan yanayin, yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da guda na fillet na naman kifi da tsutsotsi. Lokacin da ake tarawa don kamun kifi, yana da mahimmanci a san abubuwan da ke tattare da kamun kifi a wani wuri, akwai wasu nuances tare da bakin tekun Black Sea. Lokacin kamun kifi tare da lallausan wucin gadi, ana maraba da amfani da kewayon duka. Mawakin yakan kai hari ne daga kwanton bauna, kuma yana iya kai hari ga wani babban ganima, ko da yake an yi imanin cewa a mafi yawan lokuta, yana ciyar da kananan kifi.
Wuraren kamun kifi da wurin zama
Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, dangin gobyls, masana kimiyya sun bambanta. Yawancin nau'ikan sun fi son yankuna masu zafi da na wurare masu zafi na tekuna da ruwan nahiyoyi. A lokaci guda kuma, jinsuna da yawa suna bunƙasa (kimanin 11), suna zaune a cikin yanayin zafi, misali: Bahar Rum da Bahar Maliya. Bugu da ƙari, ana samun su a cikin tekun Indiya, Atlantic da Pacific. A cikin yanayin zafi, a cikin hunturu, croakers suna tafiya da nisa daga bakin tekun, tare da dumi, suna dawowa.
Ciyarwa
Bazuwa a cikin masana kimiyya, croakers na iya bambanta sosai a cikin lokaci da lokacin balaga. Ya isa a lura cewa duk nau'ikan suna da thermophilic. A cikin kifayen yankin Tekun Bahar Maliya, haifuwa na faruwa a sassa, a cikin bazara da bazara. Qwai da tsutsa suna pelargic. Da sauri sosai, tsutsa ta shiga cikin matakin soya. Masana kimiyya na yara suna ciyar da zooplankton.