Myoclonus yana da alaƙa da faruwar taƙaitaccen ƙwayar tsoka. Ana bayyana waɗannan ta ƙungiyoyin da ba na son rai ba kuma kwatsam. Akwai sifofi daban -daban ciki har da myoclonus na bacci, ko myoclonus na sakandare wanda ke faruwa musamman a cikin farfadiya.

Myoclonus ɗan taƙaice ne na tsokar da ke haifar da motsawa ba da gangan ba, kwatsam da kwatsam. Suna iya faruwa ba zato ba tsammani ko kuma suna faruwa azaman martani ga mai motsawa kamar hayaniya ko walƙiyar haske. Tsinkewa na iya faruwa a cikin tsoka ɗaya ko ya shafi ƙungiyar tsokoki.

Misali na yau da kullun na myoclonus shine hiccups, ko myoclonus phrenoglottic. Sakamakon sakamako ne na guntun tsoka da ba a so.

Myoclonus za a iya haifar da taƙaitaccen tsokar tsoka ko ta hanzari cikin ayyukan tsoka. Wadannan abubuwan mamaki na iya samun bayanai da yawa. Dangane da shari'ar, akwai nau'ikan myoclonus guda uku:

• physiological myoclonus, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da aikin jiki;
• myoclonus na biyu, wanda ke haifar da faruwar wata cuta a cikin jiki;
• myoclonies na iya faruwa, wanda sakamakon ilmin likita ne.

A Sanadin physiological myoclonus

Myoclonus ana iya danganta shi da aikin jiki. Za mu iya misali misali:

• myoclonus na phrenoglottic, wanda aka fi sani da hiccups;
• fara barci myoclonus, ko myoclonus mai bacci, wanda ke bayyana a matsayin abin firgici a cikin bacci kuma wanda yawanci yana faruwa a cikin mintuna na farko na bacci.

An kuma gano wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da ilimin halittar jiki. Waɗannan sun haɗa da damuwa, motsa jiki da abinci.

Sanadin myoclonus na sakandare

Myoclonus na sakandare na iya zama saboda rikice -rikice iri -iri kamar:

• farfadiya, yanayin jijiyoyin jiki wanda myoclonus yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan alamu;
• tabin hankali, musamman a lokacin cutar Creutzfeldt-Jakob, cutar Alzheimer, yaɗuwar cutar Lewy ta jiki, ciwon gaban gaba ko ciwon Rett;
• spinocerebellar degeneration, wanda ke faruwa a cikin yanayin cututtukan neurodegenerative da yawa kamar cutar Parkinson, cutar Huntington, ciwon Ramsay-Hunt ko ma cutar Wilson;
• encephalopathies na zahiri da na hypoxic, tabarbarewar kwakwalwa wanda ke faruwa musamman lokacin girgiza wutar lantarki, bugun zafi, hypoxia, raunin kwakwalwa mai rauni da rashin lafiya;
• encephalopathies mai guba, lalacewar kwakwalwa wanda musamman sakamakon guba mai ƙarfe mai nauyi;
• cututtuka, musamman a cikin encephalitis na rashin ƙarfi, ƙwayar cuta ta herpes simplex encephalitis, encephalitis bayan kamuwa da cuta, zazzabin cizon sauro, ciwon sikila da cutar Lyme;
• wasu rikice-rikice na rayuwa, kamar hyperthyroidism, gazawar hanta, gazawar koda, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia na non-ketotic da hyponatremia.

Sanadin iatrogenic myoclonus

Myoclonus na iya zama wani lokacin sakamakon magani. Yana iya, alal misali, biyo baya daga:

• jiyya na tabin hankali, musamman lokacin amfani da lithium, antidepressants ko neuroleptics;
• wasu magungunan rigakafin kamuwa da cuta, musamman lokacin amfani da quinolones;
• wasu jiyya na zuciya;
• amfani da kwayoyin barci;
• amfani da magungunan kashe qwari;
• shan maganin sa barci.

Bayyanar asibiti na myoclonus ya bambanta daga shari’a zuwa shari’a. Suna iya bambanta musamman a amplitude da mita. A lokuta mafi tsanani, tsagewar tsoka za a iya zama gama -gari tare da fara farmakin.

Lokacin da myoclonus ya zama gama -gari, ya ci gaba ko ya sake dawowa, ana ba da shawarar shawarwarin likita na gaggawa. Gudanar da aikin likita yana ba da damar ganowa da magance sanadin myoclonus.

Don ayyana asalin myoclonus, gabaɗaya ya zama dole a yi rikodin electrophysiological na ƙungiyoyi marasa haɗari.

Don sauƙaƙe murƙushe tsoka, ana iya aiwatar da magani na alama a wasu lokuta. Wannan na iya dogara ne akan amfani da magunguna daban -daban:

• benzodiazepines, irin su clonazepam, waɗanda ke ajin magungunan psychotropic;
• anti-epileptics kamar valproate;
• nootropics kamar piracetam;
• masu hana kumburi kamar leviracetam.