Mutane suna cin nama tun zamanin kankara. Daga nan ne, a cewar masana ilimin ɗan adam, mutumin ya ƙaurace wa cin abinci na tsiro ya fara cin nama. Wannan "al'ada" ta wanzu har yau - saboda larura / misali, tsakanin Eskimos /, al'ada ko yanayin rayuwa. Amma galibi, dalilin shine kawai rashin fahimta.
A cikin shekaru hamsin da suka gabata, mashahuran ƙwararrun ƙwararrun kiwon lafiya, masana abinci mai gina jiki da kuma masana kimiyyar halittu sun sami kwakkwarar shaida cewa domin don zama lafiya, ba lallai ba ne don cin nama, akasin haka, abincin da aka yarda da masu cin nama zai iya cutar da mutum. Alas, cin ganyayyaki, bisa ga matsayi na falsafa kawai, da wuya ya zama hanyar rayuwa. Don haka, bari mu bar bangaren ruhaniya na cin ganyayyaki na ɗan lokaci – ana iya ƙirƙira ayyuka masu girma dabam game da wannan. Bari mu tsaya a kan muhawara mai amfani kawai, don a ce, muhawara “na duniya” don ba da nama. Bari mu fara tattauna abin da ake kira "Protein labari". Ga abin da yake game da shi. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan dalilan da ya sa yawancin mutane ke guje wa cin ganyayyaki shine tsoron sa a cikin jiki rashin gina jiki. "Ta yaya za ku iya samun duk ingantaccen sunadaran da kuke buƙata daga tushen shuka, abincin da ba shi da kiwo?" irin wadannan mutane suna tambaya. Kafin amsa wannan tambayar, yana da amfani mu tuna menene ainihin furotin. A 1838 wani masanin kimiyyar Dutch Jan Müldscher ya karbi wani abu mai dauke da nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen da kuma, a cikin ƙananan adadi, sauran abubuwan sinadarai. Wannan fili, wanda ke ƙarƙashin duk rayuwa a duniya, masanin kimiyya ya kira "mafi mahimmanci". Daga baya, an tabbatar da ainihin rashin buƙata na furotin: don rayuwar kowace halitta, dole ne a cinye wani adadin daga ciki. Kamar yadda ya fito, dalilin wannan shine amino acid, "tushen tushen rayuwa", daga abin da aka samo sunadaran sunadaran. Gabaɗaya sananne 22 amino acid, 8 daga cikinsu ana la'akari manyan / ba jiki ne ke samar da su ba kuma dole ne a sha shi da abinci/. Wadannan amino acid guda 8 sune: lecithin, isolecin, valine, lysine, trypophan, threonine, methionine, phenylalanine. Dukansu yakamata a haɗa su cikin daidaitattun daidaiton abinci mai gina jiki. Har zuwa tsakiyar 1950s, ana ɗaukar nama a matsayin mafi kyawun tushen furotin, saboda yana ɗauke da dukkan mahimman amino acid guda 8, kuma daidai gwargwado. A yau, duk da haka, masana abinci mai gina jiki sun yanke shawarar cewa abinci mai gina jiki a matsayin tushen furotin ba wai kawai yana da kyau kamar nama ba, amma har ma ya fi shi. Tsirrai kuma sun ƙunshi dukkan amino acid guda 8. Tsire-tsire suna da ikon haɗa amino acid daga iska, ƙasa, da ruwa, amma dabbobi suna samun sunadaran sunadaran ne kawai ta hanyar tsire-tsire: ko dai ta hanyar cinye su, ko kuma ta hanyar cin dabbobin da suka ci tsire-tsire kuma suna shanye dukkan abubuwan gina jiki. Sabili da haka, mutum yana da zabi: don samun su kai tsaye ta hanyar tsire-tsire ko ta hanyar zagaye, a farashi mai girma na tattalin arziki da albarkatu - daga naman dabba. Ta wannan hanyar. nama ba ya ƙunshi wani amino acid in ban da waɗanda dabbobi ke samu daga tsirrai - kuma mutum da kansa yana iya samun su daga tsirrai. Bugu da ƙari, kayan abinci na shuka suna da wani muhimmin fa'ida: tare da amino acid, kuna samun abubuwan da suka wajaba don mafi cikakken ɗaukar sunadaran: carbohydrates, bitamin, abubuwan gano abubuwa, hormones, chlorophyll, da sauransu. A cikin 1954, ƙungiyar masana kimiyya a Jami'ar Harvard. gudanar da bincike da kuma gano: idan mutum lokaci guda cinyewa kayan lambu, hatsi, kiwo - ya fi rufe tsarin yau da kullun na furotin. Sun kammala cewa yana da matukar wahala a ci gaba da cin ganyayyaki iri-iri ba tare da wuce wannan adadi ba. Bayan ɗan lokaci, a cikin 1972, Dr. F. Stear ya gudanar da nasa nazarin cin abinci mai gina jiki na masu cin ganyayyaki. Sakamakon ya kasance mai ban mamaki: yawancin batutuwa sun karbi fiye da ka'idoji biyu na furotin! Don haka "tatsuniya game da sunadaran" an yi watsi da su. Yanzu bari mu koma ga bangare na gaba na matsalar da muke tattaunawa. Magungunan zamani sun tabbatar da cewa: cin nama yana cike da haɗari masu yawa. Oncological и cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini zama annoba a kasashen da matsakaita na kowane mutum ya yi yawa, yayin da wannan adadi ya yi ƙasa, irin waɗannan cututtuka ba su da yawa. Rollo Russell a cikin littafinsa "Dalilan Cancer" ya rubuta: “Na gano cewa a cikin kasashe 25 da mazaunansu ke cin nama galibinsu, 19 suna da kashi 35 cikin XNUMX na ciwon daji, kuma kasa daya ce ke da karancin adadin, yayin da a cikin kasashe XNUMX da mazaunansu ke cin nama. a takaitaccen adadi ko kada ku ci shi gaba daya, babu wanda ke da yawan ciwon daji.” AT "Jarida na Ƙungiyar Likitocin Amirka" don 1961 an ce "Cikin canji zuwa cin ganyayyaki a cikin 90-97% na lokuta yana hana ci gaban cututtukan zuciya." Sa’ad da aka yanka dabba, abubuwan da ke cikinta suna daina fitar da su ta hanyar jini kuma su kasance “a kiyaye” a cikin gawar. Masu cin nama don haka suna shan sinadarai masu guba waɗanda, a cikin dabba mai rai, suna barin jiki da fitsari. Likita Owen S. Parret cikin aikina "Me yasa bana cin nama" lura: lokacin da aka tafasa nama, abubuwa masu cutarwa suna bayyana a cikin abun da ke cikin broth, sakamakon abin da broth ya kusan kama da sinadarai zuwa fitsari. A cikin ƙasashe masu ci gaban masana'antu waɗanda ke da nau'in haɓakar aikin gona mai ƙarfi, nama yana "wadatar" da abubuwa masu cutarwa da yawa: DDT, arsenic /an yi amfani da shi azaman mai kara kuzari/, sodium sulfate /an yi amfani da shi don ba da naman “sabo”, launin ja-jini/, OF, roba hormone /sanannen carcinogen/. Gabaɗaya, kayan nama sun ƙunshi carcinogens da yawa har ma da metastasogens. Misali, kawai fam 2 na soyayyen nama ya ƙunshi yawan benzopyrene kamar sigari 600! Ta hanyar rage yawan ƙwayar cholesterol, muna rage yiwuwar tara mai, sabili da haka haɗarin mutuwa daga bugun zuciya ko apoplexy. Irin wannan al'amari kamar atherosclerosis, ga mai cin ganyayyaki - cikakken ra'ayi mara kyau. In ji Encyclopædia Britannica, “Ana ɗaukar sunadaran da aka samu daga goro, hatsi, har ma da kayan kiwo, suna da tsafta sabanin waɗanda ake samu a cikin naman sa—suna ɗauke da kusan kashi 68% na gurɓataccen ruwa. Wadannan "ƙazanta" suna da mummunar tasiri ba kawai a kan zuciya ba, har ma a jiki gaba ɗaya. Jikin mutum shine mafi hadadden inji. Kuma, kamar kowace mota, man fetur daya ya fi dacewa da shi fiye da wani. Bincike ya nuna cewa nama ba shi da inganci sosai ga wannan injin, kuma yana zuwa da tsada. Misali, Eskimos, wadanda galibi suna cin kifi da nama, suna tsufa da sauri. Tsawon rayuwarsu da kyar ya wuce 30 shekaru. Kirghiz a wani lokaci su ma suna cin nama galibi suna kuma rayuwa tsawon rai 40 shekaru ne musamman rare. A daya bangaren kuma, akwai kabilu irin su Hunza da ke zaune a cikin yankin Himalayas, ko kuma kungiyoyin addini wadanda matsakaicin tsawon rayuwarsu ya bambanta tsakanin su. 80 и 100 shekaru! Masana kimiyya sun tabbata cewa cin ganyayyaki shine dalilin kyakkyawan lafiyar su. Mutanen Indiyawan Maya na Yutacan da ƙabilar Yemen na ƙungiyar Semitic suma sun shahara saboda kyakkyawar lafiyarsu - kuma godiya ga cin ganyayyaki. Kuma a ƙarshe, ina so in jaddada abu ɗaya. Lokacin cin nama, mutum, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya ɓoye shi a ƙarƙashin ketchups, miya da gravies. Yana sarrafa shi da gyara shi ta hanyoyi daban-daban: soya, tafasa, stews, da dai sauransu. Menene duk wannan? Me ya sa, kamar mafarauta, ba za su ci danye nama ba? Yawancin masana abinci mai gina jiki, masu ilimin halitta da kuma physiologists sun nuna tabbatacce: mutane ba masu cin nama ba ne ta yanayi. Shi ya sa suke ƙwazo da gyare-gyaren abincin da bai dace da kansu ba. A ilimin halittar jiki, mutane sun fi kusanci da dabbobin ciyawa irin su birai, giwaye, dawakai, da shanu fiye da namun daji irin su karnuka, damisa, da damisa. Bari mu ce mafarauta ba sa gumi; a cikin su, musayar zafi yana faruwa ta hanyar masu kula da yanayin numfashi da harshe mai tasowa. Dabbobin masu cin ganyayyaki (da mutane) suna da glandon gumi don wannan dalili, ta hanyar abubuwan da ke haifar da cutarwa daban-daban suna barin jiki. Mafarauta suna da dogayen hakora masu kaifi don kamawa da kashe ganima; herbivores (da mutane) suna da gajerun haƙora kuma ba su da farauta. Tushen mafarauta ba ya ƙunshi amylase don haka ba zai iya rushewar sitaci na farko ba. Glandan namun daji suna samar da adadin hydrochloric acid mai yawa don narkar da ƙashi. Predators suna lanƙwasa ruwa, kamar cat, alal misali, yayin da herbivores (da mutane) suke tsotse shi ta haƙoransu. Akwai irin waɗannan misalai da yawa, kuma kowannensu yana shaida: jikin ɗan adam yayi daidai da tsarin cin ganyayyaki. Ta hanyar ilimin lissafi kawai, mutane ba su dace da abincin nama ba. Anan akwai yuwuwar muhawarar da ta fi dacewa da cin ganyayyaki.