Zuma na daya daga cikin abinci masu cin ganyayyaki masu daraja ta fuskar sinadirai da fa'idojin kiwon lafiya. Wasu masu cin ganyayyaki sun ki cinye zuma, kuma wannan abin takaici ne, domin a gaskiya, idan mutum baya rashin lafiyar zuma (kuma wannan yana da wuyar gaske), to babu wani dalili mai ma'ana na hana shan ta. Yana da haɗari don ba da zuma ga yara 'yan ƙasa da watanni 18 - kuma ga manya, cin zuma yana da amfani sosai! Ruwan zuma yana da lafiya, mai wadatar kuzari, abokantaka da muhalli da samfurin ɗabi'a, wanda aka sani tun zamanin d ¯ a (fiye da shekaru 8000!), Ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu amfani da yawa a cikin nau'i mai isa 100%! Yana da mahimmanci kawai ku sha zuma na halitta, ba mai zafi ba, kuma kada ku sha tare da abin sha mai zafi - to zuma zai ba ku lafiya. Sauya sukari da zuma za ku sami lafiya sosai. Honey yana daya daga cikin kayan cin ganyayyaki da ba kasafai ba wanda aka samar ba tare da cutar da muhalli ba (ba kamar kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa ba!) Kuma a cikin cikakkiyar ɗabi'a: mutane, samar da ƙudan zuma tare da "gidaje" mai dadi da kuma kula da lokacin hunturu, ɗauka daga ƙudan zuma rarar aikinsu, tk. waɗannan kwari na tattalin arziki suna adana shi da babban tazara. Wannan ba “aikin bawa bane” amma irin “harajin shiga” ne! Bugu da ƙari, ƙudan zuma suna "shirya" don tattara zuma ta yanayin kanta, mutane ba sa tilasta su. Masana suna kiran kudan zuma "rabin gida" - wannan wata alama ce mai amfani ga juna, kudan zuma 'yan'uwanmu "ƙananan". A cikin aiwatar da fitar da firam ɗin tare da saƙar zuma daga cikin hita, ƙudan zuma ba sa mutuwa kuma ba sa shan wahala: hayaƙin masu shan taba yana tsoratar da su kawai, suna tattara zuma a cikin goiters, suna tunanin cewa wutar daji ta tashi kuma aƙalla sashi. na ajiyar dole ne a ajiye (ba su karkata zuwa harba). Lokacin da sabuwar sarauniya ta bayyana, ba a kashe ta ba (kamar yadda wasu masu cin ganyayyaki suka yi imani), amma an sanya ta a cikin sabon ƙaramin hive ("nucleus") - a kasuwanci yana da fa'ida sosai! Tabbas, ba ma la'akari da rashin da'a kuma kawai masu kiwon kudan zuma marasa kyau waɗanda ke ciyar da gundumominsu da albarkatun ƙasa na biyu (molasses ko zumar zuma), waɗanda ke haifar da cututtuka a cikin ƙudan zuma. Amma baya ga waccan "wauta", samar da zuma tabbas shine ɗayan manyan XNUMX mafi kyawun abincin ganyayyaki. Apiary baya cutar da yanayi - akasin haka, saboda. ƙudan zuma suna ba da gudummawa ga pollination - don haka wannan "samar" yana da cikakkiyar lafiyar muhalli. Tsarin samar da zuma ba ya hada da fesa maganin kashe kwari, kashe kwari, ko sassauta kasa da kashe tsutsotsi – don haka, a bisa da’a, zuma ta yi nisa wajen samar da kayan lambu da ‘ya’yan itatuwa! Wadanda ke kiran zuma samfurin "marasa da'a" ko "marasa amfani" kawai suna dagewa a cikin jahilcinsu suna hana kansu, ƙaunatattunsu da 'ya'yansu wani muhimmin tushen lafiya. Honey ba kawai abinci mai gina jiki da lafiya ba ne, amma har ma magani na gaske: ɗauka a ciki ko waje. Ba zai zama babban ƙari ba a ce zuma ita ce sarkin kayan lambu! An san zuma sama da shekaru 8000! Maya sun yi amfani da zuma a Kudancin Amirka (har ma suna da ƙudan zuma mai tsarki), sun san shi a Indiya ta dā, da kuma a tsohuwar Sin, da kuma a tsohuwar Misira shekaru dubbai da suka wuce, kuma ba shakka a tsohuwar Roma kadan kadan (Pliny the Elder yana ba da girke-girke). ga jita-jita da magunguna tare da zuma). An adana zuma mafi tsufa da masu binciken kayan tarihi suka samo fiye da shekaru 4700 (an samu a Jojiya). An ambaci zuma a matsayin samfur mai amfani a wasu littattafai masu tsarki: a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki na Ibrananci, a cikin Sabon Alkawari, a cikin Kur'ani, a cikin Vedas. Vedas ba tare da wata shakka ba ya siffanta zuma a matsayin samfur mai matukar amfani; A cikin su har ma an sanya shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin elixirs biyar na rashin mutuwa (Panchamrita). An san cewa Gautama Buddha da St. A cikin Alkur’ani, inda aka sadaukar da sura gabaki daya ga zuma, Annabi Muhammad ya ba da labarin yadda Allah ya albarkaci kudan zuma wajen karbar zuma daga furanni, ya kuma yi nuni da cewa: “Wannan abin sha (zuma – VEG) yana fitowa daga cikinsu (kudan zuma – VEG) na launuka daban-daban, warkarwa ga mutane. Lalle ne, wannan ãyã ce ga mutãne waɗanda suke yin tunãni. A zamanin d Rus, suna son zuma, sun ci, sun adana shi don hunturu, dafa "medovukha" (na karshen, ta hanyar, tsari ne mai rikitarwa). “Masu kiwon kudan zuma” ne suka tattara zumar daji a cikin dajin, inda suka fara yanke ramukan kudan zuma daga cikin kututturan bishiya suna sanya su a ƙasarsu. Wannan shine yadda tsoffin "apiaries" suka tashi. A cikin 1814, mai kula da kudan zuma na Rasha Petr Prokopovich (kauyen Palchiki, yankin Chernihiv) ya ƙirƙira hive na zamani na farko a duniya, yana ƙaruwa da yawan aiki na apiaries. A zahiri, duk duniya tana amfani da ƙirar Prokopovich! Amma imani da cewa zuma kawai ke ci ba shi da wata hujjar kimiyya: abincin beyar mai launin ruwan kasa ya samo asali ne daga wasu tushe (tushen, berries, acorns, ganyaye, da dai sauransu) kuma wani lokaci kawai yana maida kansa da zuma. Duk da haka, kalmar "bear" a cikin harsunan Gabashin Turai daban-daban uXNUMXbuXNUMXb yana nufin "cin zuma." Muhimmancin zuma a matsayin hanyar amfani da waje yana da girma. Ko da a zamanin da Rus ', beauties amfani da zuma smearing (mask) da zuma goge: zuma yana da ikon yadda ya kamata tsarkake fata. Kuma a cikin magungunan jama'a na ƙasashe daban-daban a Gabas da Yamma akwai girke-girke da yawa dangane da zuma! Tun zamanin d ¯ a, ana amfani da zuma wajen tufatar da raunuka a buɗe, har ma a cikin magungunan zamani, ana amfani da suturar zuma a lokacin da wanda ya ji rauni ya ji rashin lafiyar rigar ƙwayoyin cuta (zuma yana da tasiri musamman don warkar da ƙananan konewa). zumar dabi'a, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, tana magance cututtukan ido yadda ya kamata. Amma tabbas, abu mafi mahimmanci a gare mu shine sinadiran sinadirai na zuma a matsayin abinci mai gina jiki mai lafiya. A mahangar kimiyance, zuma ita ce ruwan fulawa da aka narkar da wani bangare a cikin noman kudan zuma. Ya ƙunshi 76% fructose da glucose, 13-20% ruwa da 3% enzymes da pollen - wannan sashi na ƙarshe shine mafi amfani. Zuma yana da kaddarorin amfani na musamman idan aka sha shi azaman abinci: yana ƙarfafa tsarin garkuwar jiki, yana inganta ci, yana ba da ƙarfi. zuma na halitta ya ƙunshi kusan amino acid 20 masu amfani - wane kayan cin ganyayyaki ne zai iya yin gogayya da shi? Yana da ban sha'awa cewa zuma "ainihin" ya ƙunshi kusan dukkanin abubuwa masu amfani da jikin ɗan adam ke buƙata, kuma dukkansu suna sha 100% - don haka ana iya kiran zuma "madara ta biyu" ta fuskar darajar sinadirai da narkewa! A yau, samar da zuma (ya danganta da iri-iri, watau shuka zuma) ya kai ton 1 na zuma a kowace hekta na furannin zuma (fararen fara), don haka zuma wani abin dogaro ne na cin ganyayyaki a cikin al'umma mai da'a. Ruwan zuma ya ƙunshi bitamin B1, B2, B3, B6, E, K, C, provitamin A (carotene), da calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, zinc, da acid: folic, pantothenic, nicotinic, ascorbic. , da sauran abubuwa masu amfani masu amfani - duk wannan a cikin wani nau'i mai isa ga jiki! Ba abin al'ajabi ba ne? zuma na halitta baya rasa akan darajar abinci mai gina jiki tare da mafi mahimmancin 'ya'yan itatuwa masu girma na halitta (wanda, ta hanyar, ba kamar zuma ba, yana da wuya a samu)! Honey shine tushen makamashi mai sauri, madadin lafiya zuwa mashaya cakulan da sandunan muesli: yana da sauri kuma gaba ɗaya (100%) na jiki! Wasu 'yan wasa suna cin zuma har zuwa g 200 kafin gasar. Zuma madadin lafiya ce ga sukari. An san yawancin nau'in zuma iri-iri, tare da halaye daban-daban na dandano - don haka idan kun gaji da wani zuma na musamman, za ku iya maye gurbin shi da wani na ɗan lokaci! An san cewa sukari (sucrose) ya yi nisa daga samfurin mafi lafiya, kuma zuma, wanda ya ƙunshi fructose mai yawa (wanda, a cewar masana kimiyya, yana da amfani musamman) da glucose (kuma yana da amfani ga jiki), kawai. zakara idan aka kwatanta da sukari. Idan sukari yana ba da gudummawa ga cikawa kuma shine matsakaicin matsakaicin abinci mai gina jiki don cutarwa microflora, to zuma, akasin haka, na iya haɓaka asarar nauyi, kuma yanayi ne mara kyau don haifuwa na ƙwayoyin cuta, ainihin abin adanawa ne na halitta: jams zuma ba ta lalace ba. na tsawon lokaci, kuma gaba daya, duk wani abu da aka sanya a cikin zuma, kamar ana kiyaye shi. Ruwan zuma bai wuce kashi 5% na sucrose (sukari) ba, kuma zakin zuma ya wuce sukari (saboda fructose, wanda ya fi sukari sau 2 zaƙi). Daga cikin sauran sugars, zuma ya ƙunshi maltose (5-10%) da dextrins (3-4%). A gaskiya ma, zuma (sai dai fructose da glucose, waɗanda ba su faruwa ta halitta) ita ce mafi koshin lafiya na halitta! Yayin da masana kimiyya ke jayayya game da amfanin abubuwan zaki da aka samu ta hanyar sinadarai a matsayin maye gurbin sukari, mai hikima, mai tunani da gaske ba dole ba ne ya yi nisa - zuma, baiwar yanayi, koyaushe tana nan a hannu! Caloric abun ciki na zuma yana da yawa: 304 kcal da 100 g, wato, ba kawai "mai dadi" ba ne, amma cikakken abinci mai kalori mai yawa. A lokaci guda kuma, saboda takamaiman dandano, ba za ku iya cin zuma na halitta da yawa ba, don haka babu wasu lokuta na jaraba ko kiba akan zuma (sai dai sanannen abin da ya faru da Winnie the Pooh) ta hanyar kimiyya. A cikin wasu lokuta na rayuwa na ascetic, tsarkaka suna iya cin zuma kawai (yawanci daji) na dogon lokaci, ba tare da lahani ga lafiya ba. Ko da talakawa za su iya yin yunwa da zuma har tsawon mako guda (ba shakka, yayin shan ruwa a cikin adadin da ake buƙata), tare da amfani mai yawa ga jiki da ƙarancin nauyi. Kuma yaya dadi "Krishna" bukukuwa da sauran kayan zaki na gabas akan zuma! Dadi da lafiya! Madadin lafiyayyen kayan zaki da aka siyo da yawa a kantin sayar da sukari. Abu daya ne mara kyau game da zuma: sau da yawa jabu ne! Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, zuma na daya daga cikin kayayyakin da ake lalata da su a duniya. A gaskiya ma, wani ɓangare na zuma an karya doka - alal misali, a Switzerland, zuma yana da mashahuri, wanda ya ƙunshi 75% molasses. A cikin ƙasarmu, sau da yawa, don zuma na halitta, suna sayar da zuma mara amfani da aka samu ta hanyar ciyar da molasses ga ƙudan zuma, ko zuma "'ya'yan itace" da aka samu ta hanyar masana'antu. Duk da haka, domin zuma ya zama ba kawai maye gurbin sukari ba, amma samfurin mai amfani akan teburin ku, ko ma magani, dole ne ya zama na halitta! Lokacin siye, mabukaci na iya buƙatar takardar shaidar ingancin zuma daga mai siyarwa. An gwada duk zuma - mahimmancin mahimmancin kula da radiation da kuma kula da ingancin riga dangane da sinadarai da kaddarorin (dandana). Amma zaka iya ƙoƙarin ƙayyade ingancin zuma da "hannun hannu", hanyoyin "tsohuwar zamani". Mafi sauki daga cikinsu sune: • Halitta zuma candied watanni da dama bayan girbi. A cikin hunturu, duk na halitta zuma ne candied! Ya kamata abun cikin candied ya zama iri ɗaya (watau duka gwangwani) kuma ba kawai a ƙasa ba - in ba haka ba wannan tabbataccen alamar dilution da ruwa. Sai kawai sabo ne (matasa) zuma ba za a iya gwangwani ba - a cikin Yuli-Agusta kuma matsakaicin har zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba. Ruwan zuma a cikin hunturu - ko dai ya yi zina ko kuma mai zafi - wanda a zahiri iri ɗaya ne ta fuskar amfani: sifili ne.. Ainihin zuma yana da ƙamshi mai siffar - ƙanshi mai ƙanshi. Ba dole ba ne ka zama “sommelier zuma” don bambanta zuma ta halitta da wari. Matsalar ita ce, diluting fasikanci zuma tare da na halitta zuwa wani matakin ba ta "zuma" wari. Kuma duk da haka ana iya bambanta. • Kada zuma ta yi kumfa. Kumfa na iya zama nan da nan bayan famfo. Ruwan zuma tare da kumfa yana da yuwuwar yin haifuwa - alamar dilution da ruwa, ko kuma zumar kawai ta sha damshi daga iska yayin ajiyar da bai dace ba. Irin wannan zuma ba a so, saboda. ferment har ma da ("bugu zuma"). • A gida, ana iya tantance ingancin zuma kamar haka: a zuba zuma kadan a cikin gilashin a zuba tafasasshen ruwa a juye sannan a huce. Sa'an nan kuma sanya digo biyu na aidin a can: idan "zuma" ta zama shuɗi, an ƙara sitaci a ciki, wannan ba samfurin halitta ba ne. Ba wai kawai sitaci aka kara zuwa zuma ba, har ma alli, yumbu, barasa da sauran abubuwa, shayi mai karfi (don launi) - kuna buƙatar shi? Kuna iya duba zuma "don alli" ta hanyar zubar da vinegar a cikin kofi na zuma - "alli" zuma "tafasa". • Mafi yawan zuma na karya - haske, ruwa mai yawa, mai dadi sosai - zuma mai sukari na "Soviet" na yau da kullum. Ka tuna: zuma mai ruwa yana samuwa ne kawai a lokacin rani! Kuna iya zama lafiya 100% kawai ta hanyar siyan zuma mai ɗanɗano ko zuma a cikin zuma - amma ko da a cikin wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar bincika ɗanɗanonta don kada ya zama mai daɗi - bayan haka, zumar da aka samu ta hanyar ciyar da molasses ga ƙudan zuma. irin wannan dandano, ba shi da amfani . Bugu da kari, wannan alama ce ta rashin da'a na mai kiwon zuma ga ƙudan zuma: ƙudan zuma da ba sa barin nasu zuma don abinci na iya yin rashin lafiya. • Haka nan akwai zumar “zuma” ta musamman. Yana da amfani musamman, kuma ba a samo shi daga nectar ba, amma ko dai daga "sabon zuma" ko kuma daga tsire-tsire - nau'in "vegan" kawai, kuma akwai kuma zumar zuma na asalin dabba - mai dadi mai dadi na kwari masu kwari. Dukansu nau'in zumar zuma suna da lafiya sosai - har ma fiye da zumar da aka yi da kudan zuma ta gari. Ya fi danko, ba zai dandana kamar zaki ba, kuma maiyuwa baya dandana mai kyau gaba daya. Amma wannan samfuri ne na musamman, kayan cin ganyayyaki masu daraja! Yana da amfani ga kowa da kowa, amma musamman ma marasa lafiya da masu rauni (misali, bayan tiyata), yara (fiye da watanni 18), masu fama da anemia, ko bayan rauni, haɗari (lokacin da aka sami asarar jini). Ruwan zuma na dabi'a yakamata ya zama mafi tsada fiye da zumar dabi'a ta yau da kullun! Sau da yawa ana haɗe shi da zumar Nectar na yau da kullun, wannan al'ada ce. Wani muhimmin batu da ya kamata a yi la'akari da shi don samun cikakkiyar fa'idar zumar halitta ita ce ba za a iya zafi sama da 37C ba. Bai kamata a sha zuma tare da shayi, kofi ko ruwan zafi ba, to sai ya juya daga magani zuwa wani wakili na slagging - a gaskiya, guba. Wannan ya tabbata daga duk masana a Ayurveda. Ko da ba ku yi imani da Ayurveda ba, bisa ga kimiyyar Yammacin Turai, zuma mai zafi zuwa 40C ta rasa duk abubuwan amfaninta - wannan shine kawai fructose-glucose syrup, babu wani abu! Ilimin Ilmin Farko. Don haka kada ku amince da “hikima” “kakar” “hikima”, kar a sha shayi tare da zuma a cikin hunturu, wannan jahilci ne! Za a iya wanke zuma da ruwa a dakin da zafin jiki: ruwa, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, madara, kirim, yogurt, compote ko busassun 'ya'yan itace, da dai sauransu. Zai fi kyau a sayi zuma, wanda ke nuna cewa an samo ta ta hanyar cirewar sanyi, ko zuma mai gwangwani. Ruwan zuma a cikin hunturu - 100% ya narke, kuma mai yiwuwa a yanayin zafi sama da 37C - fructose-glucose ne kawai. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a adana zuma yadda ya kamata. Babu wani hali ya kamata a sanya shi a cikin karfe (musamman galvanized ko jan karfe - m!) jita-jita, saboda. yana amsawa da wasu karafa (ƙarfe mai inganci shine banda, amma wannan ba sauƙin samu ba). Duk wani kayan aikin katako bai dace ba ko dai: zuma na iya ɗaukar ɗaci ko launin duhu na itace; abubuwan da aka yarda da su don kayan aikin katako: linden, beech, cedar, poplar. Zai fi kyau a adana zuma a cikin gilashi, enamel ko yumbu, ko a cikin kwandon filastik mai ƙarancin abinci. Honey yana son duhu: idan kun ajiye shi a cikin gilashin gilashi mai haske, kada ku sanya shi a kan tebur ko sill taga, saka shi a cikin kabad. Kuma yana da kyau a adana zuma a cikin firiji, don haka ba za ku iya jin tsoro don lalacewa ba. Ya kamata a adana zuma ba fiye da shekara guda ba - to, abubuwan da ke da amfani sun ragu sosai. Mun dauki sharhi daga gwani a Ayurveda da Yoga Tatyana Morozova. Ta tabbatar da cewa zuma samfur ce mai amfani daga mahangar Ayurveda, tsohuwar kimiyyar lafiya ta Indiya, abokantaka da Hatha Yoga. "Yoga yana kallon zumar da aka girbe sabo a matsayin abinci mai gina jiki. Ayurveda yana ba da shawarar zuma a lokacin sanyi da safe a matsayin samfurin da ke ƙara Agni (wuta) na narkewa (don haka ana shan shi a cikin komai a ciki), ilimi (sai a sha zuma tsakanin abinci), da kuma hangen nesa: a wannan yanayin, ana binne zuma ko kuma a sanya shi kai tsaye a cikin idanu, wanda, tare da tasirinsa na tsarkakewa, yayi kama da aikin shahararren Ayurvedic drops na Udzhal, "in ji Tatyana. A ƙarshe, Ina so in raba ƙwarewar cewa babu wata ma'ana mai yawa a cikin neman zuma ta Yamma ta kasuwanci idan kuna son siyan samfur na halitta. Idan muka ware mafi mashahuri da tsada nau'in zuma da aka saya daga waje, to, a gaskiya, akwai ƙarin damar samun zuma mai kyau na gida daga karamin mai samarwa - "daga apiary" - ko kantin sayar da zuma (ko da yaushe candied). Ku ci zuma: bari rayuwarku ta kasance lafiya, haske, ƙamshi, mai daɗi!
2022-11-11