Haddock kifi: bayanin tare da hoto, inda aka samo shi, abin da yake ci

A Arewacin Atlantic, ana samun kifin haddock, wanda ke wakiltar dangin cod. Kwanan nan, buƙatun nau'ikan kifaye masu daraja, gami da haddock, sun ƙaru, don haka yawan kifin ya lalace sosai. Wannan labarin yayi bayanin yadda kifin haddock yayi kama, abin da yake ci, yadda yake haifuwa, da sauransu.

Haddock kifi: bayanin

Wannan wakilin baya banbanta cikin girman ban sha'awa kuma ya fi cod girma. A matsayinka na mai mulki, matsakaicin girman mutane yana da kusan 50 cm, kodayake an kama wani samfurin wanda ya ɗan fi tsayi fiye da mita 1. Matsakaicin nauyin daidaikun mutane kuma ba shi da girma kuma bai wuce 2 kg ba. Haka kuma, nauyin kifin ya dogara da abubuwa da yawa, kamar shekarun kifin, jinsinsa, yanayin wurin zama da kuma wadatar albarkatun abinci.

Haddock yana bambanta da kasancewar ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa 3 da ƙwararrun tsuliya 2. Babban muƙamuƙi ya fi guntu muƙamuƙi na sama kuma na sama ba shi da haƙoran palatine. Tsakanin duk fins za ku iya ganin sarari, yana nuna rabewa bayyananne. Ƙarfin duburar farko ya ɗan fi na biyu girma. Jikin kifin yana da haske a launi.

Appearance

Haddock yana da kamanceceniya da ƙwanƙwasa, domin yana da ɗan ƙaramin baki, maƙarƙashiya mai nuni, siriri jiki, da wutsiya mai ɗaci. Haddock wani mafarauci ne na yau da kullun wanda ke ciyar da abubuwan abinci na asalin dabba. Bugu da kari, tana da filayen dubura guda biyu, dorsal 3 da kuma gemu daya. Bugu da ƙari, ƙoshin baya na farko ya fi na cod girma. Ana iya ganin ratsi mai haske a gefen jiki, kuma duk jikin yana rufe da duhu. A cikin haddock, fin caudal yana bambanta ta hanyar damuwa mai ban mamaki, yayin da na biyu da na uku sun fi angular.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Kan haddock da baya sun yi shuɗi-launin toka, yayin da gefuna suna da launin azurfa-launin toka, tare da layi mai ban sha'awa. Ciki kullum haske ne. Haddock ana iya gane shi cikin sauƙi ta kasancewar baƙar fata da ke sama da fin pectoral. Tabo masu duhu kuma suna faruwa a sassan jiki. A waje, haddock da cod suna kama da juna.

Bakin haddock ya fi na ƙwan ƙarami, kuma laɓɓan ya fi kaifi, kamar yadda ya fi siriri. Ana gani daga ƙasa, maƙarƙashiyar haddock madaidaiciya kuma ɗan zagaye, kuma hanci yana da siffa mai siffa. Muƙamuƙi na sama yana ɗan ɗan tsayi fiye da na ƙasa, kuma jikin yana ɗan lallaɓa a gefe.

An lulluɓe jikin da ƙananan ma'auni kaɗan, amma tare da kauri na gamsai. Idan ka kalli haddock daga sama, za ka ga cewa wannan sashin jiki yana bambanta da launin shuɗi-launin toka mai duhu. Ciki, ƙananan sassan sassan da kai fari ne. Ƙunƙarar sautin launin toka masu duhu, kuma ana iya ganin tabo baƙaƙe masu yawa a ƙananan sassan.

Rayuwa, hali

Haddock ya fi son zama a wuraren ruwa mai zurfi fiye da cod, yayin da kusan ba ya bayyana a wuraren ruwa mara zurfi. Kodayake haddock kifi ne mai sanyi, ba ya son yanayin zafi sosai. Sabili da haka, kifin yayi ƙoƙari ya bar Newfoundland, Gulf of St. Lawrence da iyakokin yankunan ruwa na Scotland, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na ruwa ya ragu zuwa matsayi mai mahimmanci.

Kifin Haddock ya fi son zama a zurfin har zuwa mita 150, yana manne da bakin teku a nesa na kusan mita 300. Manya suna ƙoƙari su zauna a cikin zurfin, yayin da yara suka fi son saman saman ruwa.

Mafi kyawun tsarin zafin jiki don haddock shine daga digiri 2 zuwa 10. Babban yawan mutanen haddock yana tarwatsewa cikin ruwan sanyi kuma ba ruwan gishiri sosai, wanda ya zama ruwan dare ga bakin tekun Amurka na Tekun Atlantika.

Har yaushe haddock yake rayuwa

Yara haddock suna zaune a yankin bakin teku a cikin yankuna marasa zurfi har sai sun sami isasshen ƙarfi da kuzari don zuwa buɗaɗɗen ruwa. Matan Haddock sun zama balagagge a lokacin jima'i suna da shekaru 1 zuwa 4, yayin da mazan suka girma da ɗan lokaci.

Abin sha'awa don sani! A cikin yanayin yanayi, haddock na iya rayuwa fiye da shekaru 10. An yi imani da cewa kifin yana da dogon hanta, musamman tun da matsakaicin tsawon rayuwa ya kai kimanin shekaru 15.

wuraren zama na yau da kullun

Haddock kifi ne mai ƙauna mai sanyi, don haka mazauninsa ya wuce zuwa arewacin ruwan Atlantika, tare da yawancin al'umma suna faruwa a gabar tekun Amurka. A cikin hunturu, haddock yana ƙaura zuwa kudu cikin manyan garkuna, kusa da New York da New Jersey, yayin da aka ga kifi a cikin Cape Hatteras. A cikin yankunan kudancin, ana gudanar da kamun kifi na haddock, amma ba mahimmanci ba, tare da Gulf of St. Lawrence, da kuma tare da bakin tekun arewa. A lokaci guda, haddock ba ya bayyana a cikin ruwan sanyi na bakin tekun Labrador, amma a nan haddock yana jin daɗin kamawa a lokacin rani.

Diet

Tushen abincin, musamman ma yara, ya ƙunshi ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, yayin da manya da manyan mutane ke farautar ƙananan kifi na wasu nau'in. Bayan haifuwa, watannin farko yara kanana suna cin abinci a zooplankton, amma sai su zama mafarauta masu yawan gaske, suna ciyar da kowane nau'in invertebrates.

Idan muka ba da cikakken jerin abubuwa masu rai na abinci, to, zai kasance mai yawa kuma ya haɗa da kusan dukkanin halittu masu rai waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin ginshiƙi na ruwa da kuma ƙasan tafki. Haddock kuma yana cin abinci a kan squid da herring, musamman a bakin tekun Norway, da kuma cikin Cape Breton, haddock ganima a kan ƙananan ciyayi.

Haihuwa da zuriya

Bayan ya kai ga balagaggen jima'i, wanda zai yiwu a cikin shekaru kimanin shekaru 4, maza, a matsayin mai mulkin, sun fi son zama a zurfin, yayin da mata, akasin haka, sun fi son zama a cikin ruwa mai zurfi. Ana aiwatar da aikin haifuwa a zurfin har zuwa mita 150, daga Janairu zuwa Yuni. A lokaci guda, kololuwar haifuwa yana faruwa a cikin Maris da Afrilu.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! A matsayinka na mai mulki, filayen haifuwa na halitta suna cikin ruwa na tsakiyar Norway, a cikin yankin kudu maso yammacin Iceland da Georges Bank. A lokacin lokacin haifuwa, mace tana yin ƙwai har 850.

An yi imanin cewa tsofaffi da manyan mata suna iya yin kusan ƙwai miliyan 3. Ƙwai masu takin suna cikin ginshiƙin ruwa kuma suna ƙaura ƙarƙashin rinjayar ƙarfin halin yanzu. Ana ci gaba da wannan tsari har sai an soya ƙwai ya fito daga ƙwai. Bayan haihuwa, soya yana ciyar da watanni da yawa kusan a saman ruwa.

Bayan haka, za su nitse kusa da ƙasa, inda za su zauna a can kusan dukkanin rayuwarsu, lokaci-lokaci suna tashi zuwa saman saman ruwa. Lokacin mating yana faruwa a cikin ƙananan yankuna kusan a cikin bazara.

Makiya na halitta

Haddock ya fi son ya jagoranci salon garke, don haka koyaushe yana motsawa cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi. Kifin yana motsawa da sauri, musamman idan akwai haɗari. Haddock baya son yin ƙaura mai nisa. Duk da irin wannan ban mamaki gudun data, haddock yana da yawa na halitta makiya.

Yawan jama'a da matsayin nau'in

Haddock kifi ne na ruwa wanda ke zaune a arewacin ruwa na Tekun Atlantika kuma na dangin cod. Ya fi son ya jagoranci salon rayuwa mai kyau da tururuwa. Yana da mahimmancin kasuwanci, kamar yadda aka haɗa shi a cikin abincin ɗan adam. Don haka, buƙatun wannan kifin yana ƙaruwa koyaushe, wanda ke haifar da kama shi da raguwar lambobi.

A cikin shekaru 2 da suka gabata, hukumomin kiyayewa sun yi nasarar yin ayyuka da yawa don dakatar da ci gaba da raguwar yawan jama'a. Godiya ga ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin kamun kifi, an dawo da lambobin haddock, amma ba su isa su huta ba, saboda har yanzu suna da rauni sosai. Ƙididdigar Ƙungiyar Georgia Haddock 2017 ta nuna cewa wannan kifi ba ya ƙarƙashin girbi marar sarrafawa.

Kimar kamun kifi

Haddock yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwar ɗan adam, don haka yana da mahimmancin tattalin arziki. Ga Burtaniya, wannan shine nau'in kifin da ya fi shahara. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Arewacin Amurka ya ga raguwar kamun kifi na kasuwanci, amma a yau komai yana fadowa a wuri. Haddock kyakkyawan samfurin abinci ne ga mutane, sabo ne, kyafaffen, busasshen ko gwangwani, kuma a cikin nau'ikan jita-jita daban-daban. Haddock, idan aka kwatanta da cod, ba shi da amfani sosai, don haka ba a cikin irin wannan buƙatun a da. Tare da fadada kasuwancin kifi na duniya, haddock yana cikin buƙatu mai yawa kamar yadda masu amfani suka gane shi.

An aiwatar da haɓakar haddock a kasuwannin duniya saboda fasahohin zamani, ko kuma a maimakon haka, bayan ƙarin fasahar zamani don cikawa da tattarawa a cikin fakiti, duka sabo da daskararrun kifi, sun bayyana. Godiya ga wannan, yana yiwuwa a ƙara yawan buƙatar haddock, wanda ya haifar da karuwa a cikin haddock kama.

Don kama haddock, yana da kyau a yi amfani da koto na halitta, saboda shine mafi inganci. Ana kama Haddock daidai idan an yi amfani da shrimp da ƙwanƙwasa azaman koto. A madadin haka, ya halatta a yi amfani da guntun kifi ko guntun squid. A lokaci guda kuma, ana kama kifi a kan baits na wucin gadi, amma ba haka ba ne.

Abin sha'awa don sani! A matsayinka na mai mulki, kifi yana motsawa a cikin garken tumaki da yawa, ko da yake a cikin zurfin zurfi, don haka kana buƙatar zaɓar kayan aiki masu dogara don kamun kifi. A lokaci guda kuma, dole ne a tuna cewa kifayen suna da lebe masu laushi, don haka, tare da ƙoƙari mai ƙarfi, leɓun suna tsage, wanda ke kaiwa zuwa gangaren kifin.

Idan akai la'akari da cewa kifi ya fi son zama a cikin zurfin, yana da kyau a sami jirgin ruwa don kama shi, tun da yake yana da matsala don kama wannan kifi daga bakin teku.

Don kama wannan kifi, dole ne ku je ruwan da ke arewa maso gabashin Ingila, da kuma arewa maso yammacin Scotland. A cikin waɗannan wuraren, cod da launin shuɗi suna bayyana sau da yawa fiye da haddock, don haka yana yiwuwa za a kama cod da blue whiting fiye da haddock.

Amfani da cutarwa

A cikin manyan kantunan, zaku iya siyan haddock sabo, busasshe da kyafaffen, amma galibi daskararre. Naman haddock yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano kaɗan, yayin da fari ne kuma mara nauyi, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa yana da daraja sosai tsakanin masana abinci. Naman wannan kifi yana tafiya da kyau tare da abinci masu ban sha'awa iri-iri, kuma ya dace da shirya jita-jita daban-daban. Har ila yau, naman yana da nau'i mai mahimmanci, wanda aka kiyaye shi tare da kowace fasahar sarrafawa. Ko da a lokacin soya, kifi yana riƙe da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, yayin da fata ke da daɗi. Af, kada a cire fata. Haddock yana da ƙamshi mai haske da ƙamshi musamman idan an shanye shi ko gishiri. Ya kamata a tuna cewa kyafaffen kifi yana da illa, saboda yana dauke da carcinogens, kuma matsalolin da ke tattare da tsarin narkewar abinci na iya tasowa. Ƙimar makamashi na naman haddock shine kawai 73 kcal a kowace gram 100 na samfurin.

Naman wannan kifi, kamar na sauran 'yan gidan kwad, yana da ƙarfi, kuma mai yana taruwa a cikin hanta. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana yin wannan kitsen kuma ana amfani dashi don dalilai na likita.

Haddock, kamar sauran abincin teku, yana da wadata a cikin bitamin, ma'adanai, da amino acid da polyunsaturated fatty acid kamar Omega-3 da sauransu. Saboda kasancewar wadannan acid, yana yiwuwa a samar da jiki tare da sassan da ke da tasiri mai tasiri akan aiki na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, aikin idanu, aiki na tsarin zuciya, tsarin rigakafi, da dai sauransu. , rage matakin cholesterol a cikin jini da kuma sa jiki ya fi tsayayya ga mummunan tasirin waje. A lokaci guda kuma, jiki baya buƙatar kashe makamashi mai yawa don ware duk abubuwan da ke da amfani, tun da yake suna cikin nau'i mai sauƙi a cikin kifi.

A zahiri, mutanen da ke da rashin haƙuri ga abincin teku bai kamata su cinye haddock ba.