Rashin aikin endothelial yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a farkon cututtukan da musamman cututtukan zuciya. Yadda ake ayyana endothelium, menene rawar sa? Menene abubuwan haɗari waɗanda ke haifar da lalacewar endothelial?

Endothelium na jijiyoyin jini yana haifar da shinge na sel tsakanin nama da jini. Yana da mahimmanci a cikin tsarin abubuwan da ke faruwa na vasomotor na raunin jijiyoyin jini, sautin da tsarin tasoshin. Kwayoyin Endothelial, don mayar da martani ga abubuwan ƙarfafawa, suna samar da ƙwayoyin sarrafawa.

Don rage haɗarin bugun zuciya, saboda haka endothelium shine fifikon rigakafin rigakafi da warkewa.

A ƙarƙashin rinjayar tsufa da haɗarin haɗarin jijiyoyin jini, ana iya kunna endothelium kuma a sami sauye -sauyen aiki wanda zai iya tsoma baki tare da wannan aikin, sai mutum yayi magana akan "lalacewar endothelial".

An bayyana rashin lafiyar Endothelial azaman rashin daidaituwa a cikin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin dogaro da endothelium wanda ya haifar da raguwar abubuwan abubuwan vasodilator, kamar nitric oxide (NO), da kuma ƙara kunna kunna endothelial. Wannan kunnawa yana haifar da sakin ƙwayoyin adhesion daga endothelium da macrophages (sel na sel fararen jini, waɗanda ke shiga cikin kyallen takarda. A lokacin thrombosis da kumburi, waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna cikin aikin ɗaukar leukocytes da l platelet adhesion.

Akwai abubuwan haɗari na al'ada da na al'ada.

Abubuwan haɗari na al'ada

Daga cikin abubuwan al'ada, ana lura da lalacewar endothelial a cikin marasa lafiya tare da haɗarin haɗarin zuciya, dyslipidemia, ciwon sukari, hawan jini. Taba, shekaru, da gado su ma abubuwan da za a yi la’akari da su ne.

Abubuwan haɗarin da ba na al'ada ba

Daga cikin abubuwan da ake kira abubuwan da ba na al'ada ba, akwai rashin daidaituwa a cikin samar da vasodilator ko vasoconstrictor abubuwan da ke haifar da canji a cikin yuwuwar vasodilator na endothelium, babban alamar lalacewar endothelial.

Ayyukan endothelial, godiya ga tasirin vasculoprotective na nitric oxide (NO), yana kare lafiyar jijiyoyin jini.

Dasfunction na Endothelial shine abin da ke ba da sanarwar farkon wasu cututtuka:

• Ayyukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini;
• Juriya na insulin;
• Hyperglycemia;
• Hawan jini;
• Dyslipidémie.

Magunguna masu taimako sun haɗa da statins, waɗanda ke rage ƙwayar cholesterol koda matakan cholesterol na al'ada ne ko kuma an ɗaga su kaɗan kaɗan, kuma a wasu lokuta aspirin ko wasu magungunan antiplatelet, magungunan da ke hana platelets haɗuwa tare kuma daga toshe hanyoyin jini.

Wasu magungunan da ake amfani da su don magance hawan jini da wasu magungunan da ake amfani da su don magance ciwon suga suma suna rage haɗarin.

Hanyoyin gano tabarbarewa na endothelial, mai cin zali ko mara mamayewa, aiki ko nazarin halittu, hanyoyi ne na bayanai waɗanda ke haɓaka ilimin cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya da wanda ke ba da izini, har zuwa wani mataki, don kimanta tasirin ayyukan warkewa. akan hasashen wasu kungiyoyin marasa lafiya.

A cikin mutane, ana iya kimanta tabarbarewa na endothelial ta hanyar aunawa:

• Yawan plasma na metabolites na dinitrogen monoxide (NO): samfuri mara tsayayye sosai, ba za a iya tantance shi cikin jini ba, a gefe guda ƙudurin metabolites (nitrites da nitrates) yana yiwuwa a cikin fitsari;
• Yawan plasma na ƙwayoyin adhesion: waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna shiga cikin tsarin kumburi ta hanyar barin adhesion na monocytes zuwa endothelium, sannan ƙaurarsu zuwa bangon ciki na arteries da veins;
• Alamar masu illa.

Alamu masu yawa na ilmin halitta kuma suna ba da shaida ga lalacewar endothelial. Babban furotin C-reactive (CRP) da extracellular superoxide dismutase (tsarin enzyme mai ƙarfi) suna cikinsu.

Don hana lalacewar endothelial, an gabatar da dabaru da yawa ciki har da abinci. An haskaka mahimmancin abubuwan abinci kamar su kitse mai kitse, bitamin antioxidant, folate, bitamin D da polyphenols.

• Ƙananan matakin bitamin D yana haifar da babban haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2;
• Damuwar Oxidative na iya shafar aikin endothelial ta hanyar kumburi da rage NO samuwa;
• Lycopene, antioxidant mai ƙarfi, zai rage alamomin don kunna endothelium, furotin C mai aiki, da hawan jini na systolic kuma zai sami fa'idodi masu amfani akan danniya na oxyidative;
• An samar da polyphenols galibi ta 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu, koko, shayi da jan giya. Amfani da su yana da alaƙa da ƙananan haɗarin cututtukan zuciya.