Cutar cututtuka na jijiyoyin jini - abubuwan haɗari. Rayuwa tare da bam mai karewa

Cutar cututtuka na jijiyoyin jini, wanda kuma aka sani da cututtukan zuciya na ischemic, yana da halin rashin isasshen jini da iskar oxygen zuwa zuciya. Dalilin shi ne babban raguwa da kuma wani lokacin rufe lumen na arteries na jijiyoyin jini. Mafi sau da yawa, cututtukan jijiyoyin jini suna tasowa akan bangon atherosclerosis. A cikin ganuwar tasoshin jijiyoyin jini, kamar yadda a cikin bangon sauran arteries, nau'ikan plaque, tarin abin da ke haifar da rufewar tasoshin sannu a hankali da raguwar samar da jini zuwa zuciya. Atherosclerotic plaques suna samuwa a wurare daban-daban a cikin arteries na jijiyoyin jini. Idan kunkuntar lumen ya shafi babban jirgin ruwa na jijiyoyin jini, babban jijiyar jijiyoyin jini, ko reshensa, tasirinsa - a cikin yanayin saurin rufewar lumen ta hanyar thrombus - na iya zama ban mamaki.

Yawan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya yana ƙaruwa da shekaru. A matsakaici, kusan 2,5-5% na mutane suna fama da shi. maza masu shekaru 40-59, kashi 10 bayan shekaru 60 da kusan kashi 25 cikin dari. sama da shekaru 75 An kiyasta cewa ga kowane majiyyaci da aka kwantar da shi a asibiti don ciwon zuciya, akwai marasa lafiya 30 da ke da bargawar cututtukan jijiyoyin jini. Cutar sankarau tana haifar da mutuwar mutane miliyan 6,3 a duk duniya. Bisa kididdigar da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta fitar, cututtukan zuciya ne ke haddasa kashi 21 cikin dari. mutuwar maza da kashi 23 cikin dari. mata, kuma adadin wadanda suka mutu zai karu daga miliyan 7,1 zuwa miliyan 11,1 a cikin 2020. A Poland, cututtukan zuciya na zuciya yana shafar mutane miliyan 1 zuwa 1,5, kuma kusan dubu 50. ya mutu a cikin shekara guda.

Cututtukan jijiyoyin jini shine farashin ci gaban wayewa da haɓaka rayuwa. Abin da ya faru a cikin ƙasashe masu ci gaba da yawa ana haifar da shi ta hanyar salon rayuwa: rashin abinci mai gina jiki, shan taba, salon rayuwa, rashin motsa jiki, damuwa da mahimmanci - cholesterol. Cututtukan lipid sune babban haɗarin cututtukan zuciya a Poland. Matsalar tana shafar kusan kashi 60 cikin ɗari. manya Poles, watau kusan mutane miliyan 18. Muna ba da shawara kan yadda za a rage yawan taro na "mummunan cholesterol" da kuma kula da zuciya da kyau.

Abincin da ba daidai ba shine mafi yawan abin da ke haifar da hawan cholesterol. Cin abinci mai cike da kitse, da cuku, qwai, nama mai kitse da yankan sanyi, na da illa musamman. Yana da daraja barin waɗannan samfuran don neman abinci mai arzikin omega-3 acid. Sun hada da: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) da kuma docosahexaenoic acid. Yawansu yana ƙunshe a cikin kitsen kifin. Suna rage yawan taro na triglycerides, suna da antithrombotic, antiarrhythmic, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory and anti-aggregating Properties. Don rigakafin hypercholesterolemia, ana ba da shawarar cin kifin ruwa mai kitse sau biyu a mako. Abincin ya kamata kuma ya haɗa da phytosterols waɗanda ke hana sha na cholesterol. Wadancan tushen su shine: 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari. Ana kuma samun phytosterols a wasu margarine.

Sigari magabcin zuciyarka ne ba kawai na jikinka ba. Ka daina shan taba, kuma ka guji kamuwa da hayakin taba. Maza masu shan taba suna iya kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya sau biyu fiye da masu shan taba. Ka tuna cewa shan taba yana da illa. Duk sigari, gami da menthol da e-cigare, suna cutar da zuciya kuma suna ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa sosai.

Yin amfani da barasa yana da illa. Yana da alaƙa da hypertriglyceridemia, cirrhosis na hanta da m pancreatitis. Amma da yawa bincike sun tabbatar da cewa matsakaicin sha yana da amfani ga zuciya. Ga maza yana da 30 g na barasa mai tsafta a rana, ga mata har zuwa ga rana 20. Irin wannan adadin barasa yana rage haɗarin cututtukan zuciya. Duk da haka, yawan shan barasa baya kare zuciya. Akasin haka - yana iya cutar da zuciyar ku sosai.

Adipose nama shine sashin jiki mai aiki wanda ke sakin hormones, cytokines da abubuwan vasoactive (wanda ke shafar yanayin tasoshin) cikin jini. Nazarin da yawa sun nuna cewa kiba, da kuma kiba musamman na visceral, yana da matukar hadari ga cututtukan zuciya da sauran cututtukan zuciya. Kiba kuma yana ƙara haɗarin mutuwar zuciya kwatsam. An gano cewa tasirin adipokines (maganin hormonal da ke ɓoye ta ƙwayoyin adipose tissue), juriya na insulin, kumburi na yau da kullun da kuma ƙarar jini yana taimakawa wajen haɓaka cututtukan zuciya a cikin masu kiba. Tasirin rayuwa na kitse na visceral da adipose nama kusa da zuciya da tasoshin jini shima yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Sakamakon wasu nazarin yana nuna tasiri mai amfani na kiba akan tsinkayen marasa lafiya da cututtukan zuciya. An san wannan al'amari da "kiba paradox".

Ya zama ruwan dare ga mutane masu raɗaɗi waɗanda ke jagorantar rayuwa mai lafiya, mai aiki don samun haɓakar matakan cholesterol. Me yasa hakan ke faruwa? Akwai dalilai da yawa na wannan. Yana faruwa cewa damuwa, musamman damuwa na yau da kullun, na iya shafar metabolism na lipid a wasu mutane. Mafi sau da yawa, duk da haka, yana da alaƙa da magungunan da ake sha, misali magungunan hana kumburi ko magungunan rigakafi. Ana ƙara yawan ƙwayar cholesterol ta hanyar: testosterone, progestins, estrogens da abubuwan da suka samo asali na retinoic acid. Hyperlipidemia kuma na iya rakiyar wasu cututtuka, gami da. na rayuwa (ciwon sukari), nephrological (na kullum koda cuta, glomerulonephritis), hepatological (cirrhosis, obstructive jaundice) ko endocrine cututtuka (acromegaly, hypothyroidism, Cushing ta ciwo). Wani dalili na iya zama cututtukan lipid na gado ko hypercholesterolemia na iyali. Nazarin baya-bayan nan game da atherosclerosis ya nuna cewa wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na iya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka cututtukan jijiyoyin jini. Su ne: Chlamydophila pneumoniae da Helicobacter pylori.