Begonia dakin

Bambance-bambancen begonias yana da ban mamaki: masu ilimin botanists sun kai kusan nau'ikan 1600, kuma adadin cultivars da hybrids na yanzu ba za a iya ƙidaya su ba (1). Babban mazaunin begonias a cikin daji shine gandun daji na wurare masu zafi na Kudancin Amurka da Afirka, da kuma yankunan tsaunuka na Asiya.

Wakilan farko na nau'in nau'in an bayyana su ta hanyar mai binciken Faransa Charles Plumier a lokacin balaguro zuwa tsibiran tsibirin Antilles. Wanda ya shirya balaguron shine Michel Begon, shugaban kwata-kwata na jiragen ruwa na Faransa a Marseilles, wanda Plumier ya ba da sunan sabuwar shukar da ya gano.

A cikin al'ada, begonia ya girma tun daga karni na 2, bayyanar nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'in girma). Akwai ba kawai na cikin gida ba, har ma da nau'in lambun nau'in begonias waɗanda aka girma a cikin ƙasa bude (XNUMX).

Nau'in dakin begonia

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, adadin nau'in, nau'in da hybrids na begonia suna da girma sosai, don haka rarraba su yana da wahala har ma ga kwararru (2). Dangane da yanayin girma na sashin iska, nau'in begonia za a iya raba su zuwa herbaceous, Semi-shrubs da liana-dimbin yawa (ampelous). Bisa ga peculiarities na ci gaban tushen tsarin - a cikin rhizomatous da tuberous. Ta hanyar kayan ado - cikin furanni da ganyen ado (3). A bayyane yake cewa ba zai yiwu a lissafta kowane nau'in begonias na cikin gida a nan ba, don haka yana da ma'ana a ambaci kawai mafi yawan na kowa.

kayan ado ganye

Begonia sarauta (Begonia rex). Duba tare da ganyen siffa mai siffar zuciya mara tsari ko murɗaɗɗe a gindi a cikin sigar “katantanwa”, tsirara ko ɗan balaga. Tare da tsayin tsire-tsire na yau da kullun na 40 - 50 cm, farantin ganye na iya zama tsayi har zuwa 30 cm tsayi kuma har zuwa 20 cm faɗi, amma mafi ƙarancin irin wannan begonia sun shahara tsakanin masu shuka furanni. Launi mai launi na ganyen begonia na sarauta yana da girma: waɗannan su ne kowane nau'in sauye-sauye na kore, ja, purple, launin ruwan kasa har ma da sautunan azurfa, akwai nau'ikan begonia tare da kusan baki, speckled, ganye masu iyaka. Furen wannan begonia ba shi da kyan gani.

Shahararrun iri:

• Merry Kirsimeti (Barka da Kirsimeti) - tare da sauye-sauye mai laushi na ceri, ruwan hoda, emerald da sautunan azurfa;
• Hasken maraice (Hasken Maraice) - tsakiyar ganye yana da haske mai haske, zuwa gefen inuwa ta juya zuwa azurfa tare da iyakar ja mai duhu;
• katantanwa (Escargot) - wani nau'i mai ban mamaki tare da siffar "katantanwa" na ganye, wanda aka karkata zuwa ga petiole, inuwar ganye ya bambanta daga koren duhu a tsakiyar ta hanyar faffadan azurfa zuwa kore-zaitun a gefen;
• Hallelujah (Hallelujah) - ganyen siffa mai ma'ana tare da matsakaici mai suna "katantanwa", ainihin da iyakar ganyen sune ja-violet, a tsakanin su ganyen kore ne tare da splashes na azurfa;
• Inka Knight (Daren Inca) - iri-iri mai haske sosai tare da ganye mai nuna ja mai launi ja tare da iyakar launin ruwan kasa mai duhu.

Begonia Bauera, or tiger (Begonia bowerae). Karamin begonia (har zuwa 25 cm) tare da ganye masu zagaye masu matsakaici na launi mai launi, waɗanda ke da balaga a gefen baya kuma ba su da “gashi” tare da gefuna. Harshen suna rarrafe, don haka ana iya shuka shuka a cikin tukwane masu rataye. Furanni ba su da ban mamaki.

Matsayi:

• Cleopatra (Cleopatra) - tare da nuna "siffar tauraro" ganye mai launin kore mai duhu tare da balagagge mai ban sha'awa a gefen waje, wanda ke ba da takardar launin azurfa;
• tiger (Tiger) - ganye suna zagaye, tare da jijiyar launin ruwan kasa mai duhu da tsaka-tsakin koren haske, tsire-tsire yana da ƙarfi, harbe da wuya ya kai tsayin sama da 15 cm.

Begonia metallic (Begonia metallica). Ganyen mai siffar zuciya ko nuna alama na wannan begonia suna da launin kore mai wadataccen launi tare da sheen "karfe". Wani nau'in nau'in nau'in begonia mai girma tare da harbe kusan 10 cm tsayi.

Red Begonia, ko Fista (Begonia erythrophylla). “Kaka” begonia wata siffa ce da ake iya ganewa tare da zagaye, santsi ko ɗan yamutse mai sheki a kan ƙananan petioles. Gefen baya na ganyen yana sheki, ruwan hoda mai duhu ko ja. Tsawon shuka ya kai 25 cm, nisa sau da yawa ya fi tsayi.

Blossoming

murjani begonia (Begonia Coralina). Babban nau'in shrub-begonia, ya kai tsayin 90-100 cm. Ganyen suna da nunin faifai, kore, tare da ƙananan haske. Irin wannan nau'in begonia yana fure da kyau tare da ƙananan furanni masu ruwan hoda ko ja a cikin ruɗaɗɗen gungu na inflorescences. Akwai 'yan iri-iri, akwai nau'ikan wannan begonia tare da ganyen jagged, alal misali, Shugaba Carnot.

Begonia, kore kore (Begonia semperflorens). Shrub har zuwa 60 cm tsayi tare da yalwataccen fure mai tsayi, a cikin yanayin ɗaki yana iya ɗaukar kusan duk shekara. Ganyen suna da matsakaici, mai zagaye, furanni biyu, a cikin inuwa daban-daban na ruwan hoda da ja, wani lokacin fari. Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan wannan begonia, akwai ƙananan furanni masu girma. Yana da wuya a ware mafi yawan shahararrun irin wannan begonia saboda yawansu; sababbin hybrids suna bayyana a zahiri kowace shekara.

begonia girma, or hunturu (Begonia x elatior). Ana kiran waɗannan tsire-tsire a wasu lokuta a matsayin jinsin daban, amma a zahiri Elatior rukuni ne na begonias na matasan da ba a bayyana ba. Wannan nau'in furanni na begonias yana daya daga cikin shahararrun masu shuka furanni da masu shayarwa, fasalinsa na musamman shine ikon yin fure a cikin hunturu. Tsawon tsire-tsire na girma yana da kusan 30 cm (wani lokacin har zuwa 40 cm), yana samar da daji mai yawa na bayyanar "bouquet". Furen suna da matsakaici, amma suna da yawa, dangane da iri-iri, sun bambanta daga sauƙi zuwa ninki biyu. Inuwa na furanni suna da haske da bambanta, ba kawai begonias tare da furanni na sautunan shuɗi mai sanyi ba. Kuna iya samun nau'ikan Elatior begonias tare da bicolor ko furanni masu iyaka.

begonia mai girma, or danging (Begonia pendula). Magana mai mahimmanci, wannan ba nau'in ba ne, amma sunan gama gari ga ƙungiyar begonias tare da harbe-harbe, waɗanda aka girma a cikin tukwane da kwandunan rataye. Mafi sau da yawa waɗannan su ne begonias tare da tsarin tushen tuberous. Ampel begonias ya bambanta da yawa a cikin siffar da inuwar ganye da furanni, furanni sun fi sau da yawa fari, ja, ruwan hoda da rawaya, faduwa, suna a ƙarshen harbe. Jerin iri-iri masu ban sha'awa Cascade, wanda ya hada da tsire-tsire masu furanni biyu.

Kula da dakin begonia a gida

Matsalolin kula da begonias na iya bambanta dangane da nau'in. Mafi sauƙi don girma shine begonia na sarauta, Bauer begonia, begonia mai launin ja, begonia mai girma da begonia elatior.

Ground

Ƙasa don begonias ya kamata ya zama mai gina jiki, sako-sako, tare da dan kadan acidic dauki da kyau ruwa da iska permeability. ƙwararrun masu shuka furanni sun yi imanin cewa buƙatun ƙasa sun bambanta da furanni, kayan ado da begonias tuberous.

Lokacin siyan ƙasa da aka shirya don kayan ado da nau'ikan deciduous, yana da kyau a zaɓi na musamman wanda aka tsara musamman don begonias. Hakanan za'a iya dasa tsire-tsire masu fure a cikinta, amma yana da kyau a nemi abun da ke ciki na musamman don furanni begonias ko wasu tsire-tsire masu fure tare da buƙatu iri ɗaya don halayen ƙasa. Don begonias tuberous, ƙasa mai gina jiki don tsire-tsire na cikin gida ya dace, inda za'a iya ƙara perlite ko vermiculite.

Lokacin siyan, kula da abun da ke ciki na cakuda ƙasa: yana da kyawawa cewa ya ƙunshi biohumus, vermiculite, micro da macro abubuwa.

lighting

Begonia ya fi son haske mai yaduwa mai haske ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba, wanda zai iya ƙone ganye masu laushi. Don furanni na begonias da nau'ikan deciduous na ornamental tare da ganye masu launuka masu haske, haske mai haske ya zama dole. Karfe, jan leaf, da murjani begonias suna jure wa wasu inuwa. Siffofin Elatior begonias suna da ban sha'awa: suna fure kawai bayan an rage lokacin hasken rana zuwa sa'o'i 9 - shine dalilin da ya sa sukan yi fure a lokacin sanyi. Domin flowering ya dade, bayan samuwar buds yana da matukar muhimmanci kada a motsa shuka - canjin haske (har zuwa kusurwar hasken haske) yana haifar da lalacewa a cikin furanni.

zafi

Begonias yana buƙatar iska mai ɗanɗano kaɗan. A cikin lokacin dumi (idan babu zafi na kwanaki da yawa), matakin zafi a cikin ɗakin da ke da iska ya isa sosai. A cikin hunturu, iska na cikin gida yawanci ya bushe saboda na'urorin dumama, don haka begonias yana buƙatar ƙarin danshi. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine ɗakin humidifier. Idan ba a samu ba, ana iya sanya tukunyar begonia a cikin tire tare da rigar faɗaɗa yumbu, tsakuwa, gansakuka, yashi, ko makamancin haka. A cikin matsanancin yanayi, mai faɗi, ƙaramin akwati na ruwa shima ya dace, wanda dole ne a sanya shi kusa da tukunyar begonia.

Yi hankali: fesa begonias ba a ba da shawarar sosai ba, wannan yana haifar da aibobi akan ganye.

Ruwa

Daidaitaccen daidaita ruwa shine babban wahala a kula da begonias. Suna son danshi, amma zubar ruwa da sauri yana haifar da ruɓewar tushen. Yin bushewa kuma yana da haɗari a gare su, don haka kiyaye damshin ƙasa mafi kyau yana da mahimmanci.

A lokacin rani, ana shayar da begonias da yawa game da sau 2 a mako, a cikin matsanancin zafi suna ƙara yawan mita, amma ba yawan shayarwa ba. Tsakanin waterings, ƙasa a cikin tukunya ya kamata ya bushe, amma kada ya bushe gaba ɗaya (ana iya bincika wannan ta hanyar tsoma yatsanka a cikin ƙasa: a cikin zurfin zurfin ya kamata ya riga ya zama rigar).

A cikin hunturu, mita da ƙarar shayarwa ga yawancin begonias yana kusan rabi. Ga Elatior begonias, yayin lokacin furanni, ana kiyaye matakin yau da kullun na danshi na ƙasa, kuma bayan fure, ana rage shayarwa don ƙasa ta bushe gaba ɗaya, amma ba ta bushe gaba ɗaya ba. Tuberous begonias tare da pronounced dormant lokaci a cikin hunturu ba a shayar da komai ko kusan. Lokacin shayar da begonias tuberous, tabbatar da cewa ruwa baya fada kai tsaye akan tuber.

Ruwa don shayar da begonias ya kamata ya zama dumi kuma koyaushe yana da kyau. Idan ruwan famfo a yankinku ya ƙunshi lemun tsami da yawa, wannan na iya haifar da alkalization na ƙasa a cikin tukwane na begonia, don haka ana ba da shawarar ƙara ɗan digo na citric acid lokaci-lokaci a cikin ruwa don ban ruwa.

Mafi kyawun lokacin shayar da begonias shine da safe. A cikin lokacin dumi, ana iya shayar da su da maraice, amma ba lokacin rana ba, a cikin zafi.

Begonias yana amfana daga sassauta ƙasa na lokaci-lokaci bayan shayarwa - wannan yana inganta samun iska zuwa tushen. Duk ruwan da ya shiga cikin kwanon rufin nan take.

takin mai magani

Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da takin mai magani na musamman don begonias - suna da daidaitaccen abun da ke ciki wanda ya dace da wannan amfanin gona na musamman. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da takin mai magani wanda aka yi niyya don kayan ado na ganye da furanni na cikin gida.

Taki tare da babban adadin nitrogen kawai ya dace da begonias tare da ganye na ado, yayin da suke ba da gudummawa ga samuwar taro na kore. Blooming begonias yana buƙatar abubuwan haɗin gwiwa tare da babban abun ciki na phosphorus da potassium. Don flowering begonias, musamman Elatior, zaka iya amfani da takin mai magani na dogon lokaci, kamar allunan ko sanduna.

Ciyar

Ana ciyar da Begonias a lokacin lokacin girma mai aiki, daga Afrilu zuwa ƙarshen Satumba, sau ɗaya kowane mako 1, ana amfani da takin mai magani na ruwa tare da shayarwa. Elatior begonias za a iya ciyar da shi kadan kadan - sau 2 a cikin makonni 1. Begonias da ke fure a cikin hunturu ana ciyar da su a wannan lokacin tare da mitar sau 3 a wata, bayan fure, an dakatar da ciyarwa.

Tun da akwai nau'ikan begonias da yawa, shawarwarin gabaɗaya bazai dace da furenku na musamman ba, don haka yana da kyau a fara babban sutura tare da sashi na 1/2 na shawarar da aka ba da shawarar. Tare da wuce haddi na nitrogen, furanni begonias suna samar da ganye mai yawa, amma buds ba a ɗaure su ba.

Shredding, blanching da fadowa kashe lafiya ganye, stunting a lokacin aiki girma kakar, mutuwa na buds na iya nuna rashi na gina jiki. Kula da tsire-tsire ku daidaita allurai da jadawalin takin bisa ga yanayin su.

trimming

A cikin daji begonias, ana bada shawara don tsunkule saman harbe - wannan yana ba ku damar samar da daji mai lush.

Flowering begonias bukatar a yanke flower stalks bayan flowering. Elatior begonias yana shiga cikin kwanciyar hankali bayan fure, kuma yawancin masu noman furanni suna yin aikin dasa shuki na duk harbe-harbe da ke ci gaba bayan shuka ya shiga lokacin girma.

Tsofaffin harbe na nau'ikan begonia da yawa sun kasance marasa ƙarfi, rasa ganye, don haka ana ba da shawarar cire su.

Don dalilai na tsafta, bushe da bushe ganye da harbe ana cire su daga kowane nau'in begonias.

Haifuwa na dakin begonias a gida

Furen begonia yana yaduwa cikin sauƙi ta hanyar ciyayi - ta hanyar yankan, ta hanyar rarraba bushes da tubers, ta tushen ganye. Kuna iya girma begonias daga tsaba, amma tsaba na tarin ku galibi basu dace da wannan ba: mafi kyawun begonias yawanci suna da asalin matasan, kuma a cikin hybrids, 'ya'yan tsire-tsire masu girma daga tsaba ba su gaji halayen iyaye.

Yankewa. Hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi dacewa, musamman tun da zaka iya amfani da sharar gida daga begonia pruning da aka yi a lokacin bazara da farkon lokacin rani.

Ana iya samun yanke daga kowane bangare na harbi, babban abu shine cewa suna da akalla 2 - 3 nodes. Ana cire ganyen, ban da na sama, an sanya ciyawar a cikin gilashin ruwa a cikin zafin jiki kuma a ajiye shi a wuri mai dumi da haske mai kyau. Bayan tushen ya bayyana, an dasa begonia cikin ƙasa.

Kuna iya tushen cuttings kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa. Don yin wannan, ƙananan ɓangaren yankan an yi shi da foda tare da tushen tushen haɓaka (alal misali, Kornevin), sannan an sanya yankan a cikin ƙasa mai laushi. An rufe akwati da jaka ko filastik mai haske kuma a ajiye shi a cikin dumi, wuri mai haske, iska lokaci-lokaci kuma, idan ya cancanta, danshi ƙasa. Alamar da ke nuna cewa yanke ya yi tushe shine bayyanar kananan ganye. Bayan haka, an cire murfin, ana kula da shuka kamar yadda aka saba.

Ta hanyar rarrabuwa. An yi shi don daji da tuberous begonias, ana iya haɗa shi tare da dasa shuki. Rarraba yana da amfani da farko ga furannin begonia masu girma da kuma tsufa, waɗanda aka sake sabunta su.

An cire shuka a hankali daga tukunyar, ana tsabtace tushen daga ƙasa ko, idan ya cancanta, wanke da sauƙi. An yanke rhizome tare da kayan aiki mai kaifi mai kaifi ta yadda kowane sashi yana da kusan daidai adadin harbe masu ƙarfi. An yayyafa yanke da carbon da aka kunna ko ash na itace. Ana shuka Delenki a cikin tukwane.

Fasahar rarraba tuber kusan iri ɗaya ce: an yanke tuber don kowane sashi ya sami tsiro mai lafiya, an bar yanke ya bushe kuma a yayyafa shi da gawayi ko ash. Bayan haka, ana dasa delenki a cikin ƙasa kuma ana kiyaye shi a cikin dumi, wuri mai haske, kariya daga rana kai tsaye.

Leaf. Hanyar ta dace da begonias tare da ɗan gajeren lokaci ko mara tushe.

An yanke ganyen yaduwa tare da wani ɓangare na petiole kuma an sanya shi a cikin gilashin ruwa, wanda aka canza kowace rana. Bayan tushen ya bayyana, an dasa ganye a cikin ƙasa - zai haifar da shuka duka.

sassan sassa. Hanyar da ta fi ƙarfin aiki kuma ba koyaushe nasara ba, amma yana ba ku damar samun tsire-tsire da yawa daga ganye ɗaya lokaci ɗaya.

Ana yanke ganyen kuma a yanke jijiyoyi a gefe ko kuma a raba su kashi-kashi-kashi ta yadda kowannen su yana da veins mai tsayi guda 2 ko fiye. An binne ƙananan sashi tare da jijiya mai tsayi a cikin yashi mai laushi, an rufe akwati da murfi mai haske kuma an ajiye shi a cikin dumi, wuri mai haske, iska lokaci-lokaci. Ƙasa, idan ya cancanta, an jike shi da kwalban fesa.

Rooting na iya ɗaukar watanni 3. Tsire-tsire matasa da aka samu ta wannan hanyar suna girma sannu a hankali da farko.

Dasawa dakin begonias a gida

Begonias yawanci ana dasa shi a farkon bazara, tsire-tsire masu girma da haɓaka aiki suna buƙatar dasawa sau ɗaya a shekara. Ana iya dasa shuki a cikin manyan tukwane ko tsire-tsire masu saurin girma sau ɗaya kowace shekara 1. Elatior begonias ana dasa su bayan ƙarshen fure, lokacin da shuka ya shiga lokacin hutu.

Alamar buƙatar dasawa ita ce tushen da ke fitowa daga ramukan magudanar ruwa na tukunyar. Ƙarfin da aka yi girma da kuma tsofaffin bushes a lokacin dasawa ana bada shawarar raba su.

Sabuwar tukunya don furen begonia yakamata ya zama 2 - 3 cm ya girma fiye da na baya. Tushen mafi yawan begonias suna da hankali, don haka yana da kyau a canja wurin shuke-shuke zuwa sabon akwati, yayin da suke riƙe da wani muhimmin ɓangare na coma na duniya - kawai suna girgiza ƙasa da yawa daga gare ta.

Yana da ma'ana don wanke tushen idan ana zargin tushen rot. Ana duba tsarin tushen da aka wanke, an cire duk tushen lalacewa da ruɓaɓɓen, sannan a jiƙa na kimanin sa'a daya a cikin ruwan hoda na potassium permanganate. Kafin dasa shuki a cikin sabon akwati, tushen ya ɗan bushe.

Lokacin dasa shuki, ba zai yuwu a zurfafa tushen wuyan begonias da ƙarfi da ƙarfi ƙasa. Bayan dasawa, ana mayar da shuka zuwa wurin da aka saba, ana ba da shi tare da yawan shayarwa na yau da kullun da kariya daga rana kai tsaye.

Cututtuka na dakin begonia

Tushen ruba. Wannan cuta na begonias na cikin gida yana haifar da fungi na pathogenic kuma a mafi yawan lokuta shine sakamakon yawan ruwa. Alamun cutar shine begonias tsayawa cikin girma da mutuwar ganye a duk faɗin shuka. Kuna iya ƙayyade daidai cewa begonia ba shi da lafiya tare da tushen rot, kawai za ku iya fitar da shi daga tukunya.

Tushen da aka shafa suna baƙar fata, sluggish, sauƙin rabu da shuka. Idan kawai wani ɓangare na tushen tsarin ya shafi, an cire duk tushen cututtuka, an jika tushen tsarin a cikin maganin fungicide: Vitaros, Oksihom, Alirin-B, Ordan (4), da dai sauransu Sa'an nan kuma an dasa shuka a cikin ƙasa mai sabo.

Tare da shan kashi mai ƙarfi, ba zai yuwu ba zai yiwu a ceci begonia, zaku iya gwada tushen yankan daga gare ta.

Grey mold. Da farko yana rinjayar sashin iska na shuka, yana da haɗari musamman lokacin da aka ajiye furen begonia a cikin yanayin zafi da zafi. Alamomin ɓarkewar launin toka sune “ruwa” masu launin toka mai launin toka akan ganyaye da ganyaye. Bayan lokaci, aibobi suna karuwa, sun zama slimy, sassan tsire-tsire sun mutu.

Bayan gano launin toka mai launin toka, an cire duk sassan da abin ya shafa na shuka nan da nan, ana bi da begonia tare da fungicides na tushen jan karfe: Hom, Oxyhom, Bordeaux cakuda 1% (4).

Powdery mildew. Wannan cutar ta begonia tana tasowa a cikin matsanancin zafi kuma galibi ana gabatar da ita daga wasu tsire-tsire. Alamar cutar alama ce ta haɓakar foda a kan ganye da / ko wasu sassan shuka.

Don magance mildew powdery, yi amfani da fungicides masu dauke da tagulla da aka ambata a sama, ko maganin colloidal sulfur a taro na 0,3 - 0,5%.

Vascular bacteriosis. Cutar ta bayyana kanta ta hanyar rawaya da duhun ganye, farawa daga gefuna. Siffar siffa ta musamman ita ce duhu da mutuwar jijiyoyin ganye.

A farkon matakan cutar, ana iya ceton shuka ta hanyar cire sassan da aka shafa da kuma kula da shuka tare da fungicides. Tare da rauni mai ƙarfi, yana da kyau a kawar da begonia mara lafiya.

wurin zobe. Cutar da ke da hatsarin gaske na dakin begonia. Alamun - launin rawaya da launin ruwan kasa na siffar zagaye, sau da yawa tare da yankunan necrosis a tsakiya. Ganyen na iya ɗaukar launin ja.

Cutar tana da kwayar cuta a yanayi, don haka babu magani. Ya kamata a zubar da shuka mara lafiya da wuri-wuri don guje wa kamuwa da sauran.

Dakin begonia kwari

Afir. Waɗannan ƙananan ƙwari ne masu kore kore marasa fuka-fukai waɗanda ake iya gani da ido tsirara. Alamun lalacewar kwari ga begonias suna bushewa kuma suna mutuwa daga ganye.

Ya fi dacewa don yaƙar aphids tare da taimakon sabulu na musamman na kore, a cikin matsanancin yanayi, zaka iya amfani da sabulun gida. Wani lokaci ana amfani da jiko na taba a gida. Daga cikin magungunan agrochemical don aphids, Actellik ko Fitoverm ana amfani da su (4).

farar fata. Kwari mai farar fuka-fuki mai tsayin jiki har zuwa mm 2. Alamomin kamuwa da cuta iri ɗaya ne da na aphids.

Hanyoyin sarrafawa suna kama da: wanke shuka tare da sabulu koren (sau 2-3 tare da tazara na kwanaki da yawa) ko shirye-shiryen kwari: Aktellik, Fitoverm (4).

Spider mite. Mafi yawan kwaro na begonias da sauran tsire-tsire na cikin gida, wanda ke nuna kanta ta hanyar raunana ganye da kuma yanayin gizo-gizo gizo-gizo a sassa daban-daban na shuka.

Daga mites gizo-gizo, ana amfani da magunguna iri ɗaya kamar daga aphids da whiteflies, Kleshchevit ya tabbatar da kansa sosai (4).

Garkuwar karya. Manyan kwari na begonia har zuwa 4 mm a cikin girman suna da sauƙin gano su azaman masu fitowar launin ruwan kasa - "garkuwoyi" da aka haɗe zuwa ganyayen, galibi a gefen baya.

Begonias tare da ƙananan ganye masu yawa za a iya cire su ta hanyar injiniya daga kwari masu sikelin: ana wanke shuka da sabulu koren, tsaftace ma'aunin kwari tare da goge goge mai laushi. Idan raunin ya yi tsanani ko begonia tare da ganye mai laushi ya kamu da cutar, dole ne a bi da shuka tare da Aktellik ko Aktara (4) bisa ga umarnin.

Tsawon lokaci. Kwaro mai haɗari na begonias na cikin gida da sauran tsire-tsire shine kwari mai fuka-fuki har zuwa tsayin mm 2. Manya baƙar fata ne ko launin ruwan duhu, larvae orange ne.

Daga thrips, ana amfani da hanyoyi guda ɗaya kamar daga garkuwar ƙarya, kuma ƙasa a cikin tukunya dole ne a bi da shi. Tare da kamuwa da cuta mai ƙarfi, yana da ma'ana don dasa begonia cikin ƙasa mai sabo.

Shahararrun tambayoyi da amsoshi

Mun tattauna matsalolin girma begonias tare da Masanin ilimin agronomist Svetlana Mikhailova.

Tushen

1. Catalog na tarin tsiro na Tsakiyar Botanical Garden na Siberiya Branch of Academy of Sciences http://www.csbg.nsc.ru/catalog/kollektsiya-tropicheskih-i-subtropicheskih-rastenij.html
2. Tamberg TG, Ovchinnikov Yu. A. Begonia. // L.: Lenizdat, 1989
3. Hession DG Duk game da tsire-tsire na cikin gida // M .: Kladez-Buks, 2005
4. Kasidar Jiha na magungunan kashe qwari da agrochemicals da aka ba da izini don amfani a yankin Tarayyar har zuwa Yuli 6, 2021 // Ma'aikatar Noma ta Tarayya
5. https://mcx.gov.ru/ministry/departments/departament-rastenievodstva-mekhanizatsii-khimizatsii-i-zashchity-rasteniy/industry-information/info-gosudarstvennaya-usluga-po-gosudarstvennoy-registratsii-pestitsidov-i-agrokhimikatov/