Marie Curie da Eleanor Roosevelt, da sauransu, sun sha fama da wannan mummunar cuta da ba kasafai ba. Aplastic - ko aplastic - anemia yana faruwa lokacin da kasusuwan kasusuwa ya daina samar da isassun ƙwayoyin hematopoietic. Duk da haka, waɗannan su ne tushen dukkan ƙwayoyin jini, waɗanda nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan su ne: jajayen ƙwayoyin jini, farin jini da kuma platelet.

Aplastic anemia don haka yana haifar da nau'ikan alamomi guda uku. Na farko, waɗanda suka zama ruwan dare ga nau'ikan anemia daban-daban: ko dai alamun rashi a cikin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini - sabili da haka na ƙarancin jigilar iskar oxygen. Sannan, alamomin da ke tattare da rashin farin jini (rauni ga cututtuka), a ƙarshe, rashin platelet na jini (cututtukan coagulation).

Wani nau'i ne na anemia da ba kasafai ba. Dangane da lamarin, ana samun shi ko kuma gadon gado. Wannan cuta na iya bayyana ba zato ba tsammani kuma tana daɗe na ɗan lokaci ko kuma ta zama na yau da kullun. Da zarar kusan kullun yana mutuwa, aplastic anemia yanzu an fi yin magani da yawa. Sai dai kuma idan ba a yi gaggawar magance ta ba, za ta yi muni har ta kai ga mutuwa. Marasa lafiya da aka yi nasara cikin nasara sun fi kamuwa da wasu cututtuka daga baya, ciki har da kansa.

Wannan cuta na iya faruwa a kowane zamani kuma tana shafar maza da mata (amma yawanci ya fi tsanani a cikin maza). Ga alama ya fi kowa a Asiya fiye da Amurka ko Turai.

Sanadin

A cikin 70% zuwa 80% na lokuta⁶, cutar ba ta da masaniyar dalili. Sai a ce shi na farko ne ko kuma na idiopathic aplastic anemia. In ba haka ba, ga abubuwan da ka iya haifar da faruwar sa:

- Hepatitis (5%)

– Magunguna (6%)

• Sels d'or
• Sulfamidés
• chloramphenicol
• Magungunan anti-inflammatory marasa steroidal
• Magungunan antithyroid (amfani da hyperthyroidism)
• Phenothiazines
• Penicillamine
• allopurinol

- Guba (3%)

• Benzene
• Canthaxanthine

- Cutar ta biyar - "bakin-kafa" (parvovirus B15)

- Ciki (1%)

– Wasu lokuta da ba kasafai ba

Yana da mahimmanci a bambanta cutar anemia na filastik da sauran cututtuka masu kama da ita. Lallai wannan ciwon ya bambanta da anemias da ake samu a wasu cututtukan daji da kuma maganinsu.

Akwai nau'in anemia da aka gada wanda ake kira "Fanconi anemia". Baya ga fama da anemia na aplastic, mutanen da ke da wannan yanayin da ba kasafai suke fama da su ba sun fi guntu kuma suna da lahani iri-iri. Yawancin lokaci, ana bincikar su kafin shekaru 12 kuma da yawa ba sa girma.

• Wadanda ke da alaƙa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin jajayen jini: launin fata, gajiya, rauni, dizziness, saurin bugun zuciya.
• Wadanda ke da alaƙa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin farin jini: ƙara yawan kamuwa da cututtuka.
• Wadanda ke da alaƙa da ƙananan matakin platelet na jini: fata mai rauni cikin sauƙi, zubar da jini na al'ada daga gumi, hanci, farji ko tsarin gastrointestinal.

• Wannan cuta na iya fitowa a kowane zamani, amma ana yawan ganinta a yara, manya masu shekaru 30 da kuma mutane sama da 60.
• Ana iya samun tsinkayar kwayoyin halitta kamar yadda yake a cikin yanayin Fanconi anemia.

Aplastic anemia cuta ce da ba kasafai ba. Mutanen da suka kamu da cututtuka daban-daban (duba Abubuwan da ke sama) suna ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da ita, zuwa matakai daban-daban.

- Tsawon bayyanar wasu abubuwa masu guba ko ga radiation.

– Amfani da wasu magunguna.

- Wasu yanayi na jiki: cututtuka (cututtukan sankarar bargo, lupus), cututtuka (hepatitis A, B, da C, mononucleosis mai kamuwa da cuta, dengue), ciki (da wuya).

Nisantar tsawaita kamuwa da guba ko magungunan da aka ambata a sama ingantaccen kariya ne a kowane lokaci - kuma ba wai kawai don hana aplastic anemia ba. Koyaya, a mafi yawan lokuta, ba za a iya hana farkon farkon na ƙarshe ba. A daya bangaren kuma, idan muka san asalin cutar anemia, ana iya hana kamuwa da ita ta hanyar gujewa kamuwa da daya ko wasu daga cikin wadannan abubuwan idan sun hada da:

- samfurori masu guba;

- kwayoyi masu haɗari;

- radiations.

Idan akwai anemia aplastic saboda ciwon hanta, tambaya ce ta yin amfani da matakan da aka ba da shawarar don hana nau'in ciwon hanta daban-daban. Duba takardar Hepatitis.

A cikin anemia mai tsanani na aplastic, likita wani lokaci yakan rubuta maganin rigakafi don hana cututtuka na kwayoyin cuta.

Cutar ba kasafai ba ce kuma tana da babban yuwuwar rikitarwa. Likitan da ya kware a fagen zai ba da kulawar, mafi yawan lokaci tare da ƙungiyar da'a daban-daban kuma a cikin cibiyar musamman ta musamman.

• Da fari dai, zai zama dole a daina shan magungunan da ke da alaƙa da anemia.
• Za a buƙaci maganin rigakafi don rigakafi da maganin kowace kamuwa da cuta.
• Haɗin anti-thymocyte globulins na kwanaki 5, cortisone da cyclosporin na iya, a wasu lokuta, haifar da gafarar cutar.⁷.

Haɗin anti-thymocyte globulin na kwanaki 5, cortisone da cyclosporine na iya haifar da gafarar cutar a wasu lokuta.

Kulawa ta Musamman. Ga mutanen da ke fama da anemia aplastic, wasu matakan kariya sun zama dole a rayuwar yau da kullun:

– Kare kanka daga cututtuka. Yana da mahimmanci a rika wanke hannu akai-akai da sabulun maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta da kuma gujewa haduwa da marasa lafiya.

– Aske da reza na lantarki maimakon wukake don guje wa yanke. Tunda anemia na aplastic yana hade da ƙananan matakin platelet na jini, jinin yana raguwa da kyau kuma ya kamata a guje wa asarar jini gwargwadon yiwuwa.

– Fi son buroshin hakori tare da bristles masu laushi.

– Hana aikata wasanni na lamba. Don dalilai guda ɗaya kamar waɗanda aka ambata a sama, wajibi ne a guje wa kowane lokaci na asarar jini, sabili da haka na rauni.

– Haka kuma a guji yin motsa jiki da yawa. A gefe guda, ko da motsa jiki mai sauƙi na iya haifar da gajiya. A gefe guda kuma, a cikin yanayin anemia mai tsawo, yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye zuciya. Wannan dole ne yayi aiki da yawa saboda ƙarancin iskar oxygen da ke hade da anemia.

A matsayin wani ɓangare na ingantaccen tsarin sa, Passeportsanté.net yana gayyatar ku don gano ra'ayin ƙwararren lafiya. Dokta Dominic Larose, likitan gaggawa, ya ba ku ra'ayinsa akan karancin jini :

Babu wani magani na dabi'a wanda ya kasance batun bincike mai zurfi game da anemia na aplastic.

Bisa ga Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation, amfani da magungunan ganyayyaki da bitamin na iya cutar da cutar da hana sarrafawa. Duk da haka, ta ba da shawarar a Lafiya kalau don inganta samar da jini.¹

Hakanan yana da kyau a shiga a goyon bayan ƙungiyar.

Canada

Aplastic Anemia da Myelodysplasia Association of Canada

Wannan rukunin yanar gizon yana ba da tallafi da bayanai ga marasa lafiya da iyalai. A Turanci kawai.

www.amamac.ca

Amurka

Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation

Wannan rukunin yanar gizon na Amurka mai sana'a na duniya yana yaruka da yawa kuma nan ba da jimawa ba ya kamata ya haɗa da sashe cikin Faransanci.

www.aplastic.org

Fanconi Anemia Research Fund, Inc

An yi nufin wannan rukunin Ingilishi ga mutanen da ke fama da anemia Fanconi da danginsu. Musamman, yana ba da damar yin amfani da littafin PDF mai suna "Fanconi Anemia: Littafin Jagora don Iyalai da Likitocinsu".

www.fanconi.org