Andropause: menene?
PasseportSanté.net ya zaɓi ɗaukar lissafin abubuwandafaɗa, ko da yake ba ciwon da aka gane a likitance ba ne. Andropause duk da haka yana nuna gaskiyar halin yanzu yayin da yawancin maza masu matsakaici suka zaɓi yin maganin testosterone. Anyi amfani da wannan maganin shekaru da yawa a cikin samari masu fama da hypogonadism na asali, watau wanda samar da hormones na jima'i ta hanyar gonads (testes) ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa saboda matsalar kwayoyin halitta. . Koyaya, kwanan nan an ba da shi ga maza masu matsakaicin lafiya. |
Mun ayyana dadafaɗa kamar duk bayyanar cututtuka na physiological da na tunanin mutum waɗanda zasu iya biye da su low testosterone amaza tsufa. Yawancin lokaci yana faruwa a kusa 45 to 65.
Andropause, daga Girkanci andros, wanda ke nufin “mutum”, da hutu, “Cessation”, galibi ana gabatar da shi azaman takwaransa na maza na menopause. |
Waɗannan alamun sun fito daga rage sha'awar jima'i da isowar matsalolin mazakuta ta hanyar jin ƙarancin kuzari da tuƙi. Lokaci na yawan gumi, matsaloli tare da rashin barci da karuwar nauyi kuma na iya ƙara sakamakon raguwar samar da hormone jima'i.
Wasu suna la'akari da tabarbarewar aiki, a matsayin nuni na tsufa al'ada ta wasu, andropause ya kasance a batu mai rikitarwa. Menene ƙari, kawai magani da ake samu, testosterone, ba a tabbatar da shi ba, ko dai dangane da inganci ko aminci.
Menopause ga wasu, andropause ga wasu? Kwatanta tsakanin andropause da menopause ya kasance gurgu ne. Andropause yana shafar tsirarun maza ne kawai. Hakanan, baya nuna ƙarshen haihuwa. Haka kuma, da raguwar hormonal a cikin mutane m, m et mba kamar mata ba, waɗanda hormones a cikinsu ya ragu sosai cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. A cikin maza, raguwar samar da testosterone zai fara a cikin shekaru talatin ko arba'in. Daga abin da masana suka lura, yawan ƙwayar testosterone a cikin jini zai ragu da kusan 1% a kowace shekara. |
Maza nawa ne abin ya shafa?
tun lokacin dadafaɗa ba a san shi ba kuma da wuya a gano shi, ba mu da takamaiman bayanai kan adadin mazan da ke fama da shi.
Koyaya, bisa ga babban binciken da aka buga a cikin 2010, Nazarin tsufa na maza na Turai, kawai 2% maza masu shekaru 40 to 80 suna fuskantar andropause: rabon shine 3% a cikin wadanda ke tsakanin shekaru 60 zuwa 69 da 5% a cikin wadanda ke tsakanin shekaru 70 zuwa 79.1. Sakamakon ganewar asali ya dogara ne akan kasancewar bayyanar cututtuka na andropause da ƙananan matakan testosterone na jini na al'ada.
Wadannan sakamakon sun nuna cewa maganin testosterone ya dace da maza kadan, bisa ga marubutan binciken.12. Yawancin lokaci, bisa ga bincikensu, alamomin sun fi alaƙa da tsufa, kiba ko wata matsalar lafiya. A gaskiya ma, 20% zuwa 40% na maza suna tasowa bayyanar cututtuka na iya yin kama da na andropause tare da shekaru11.
Da gaske tambaya ce ta testosterone?
La testosterone ana ba da shi azaman magani adafaɗa na ɗan fiye da shekaru goma. Manufar magani shine inganta yanayin rayuwa ta hanyar rage alamun bayyanar cututtuka. Kamfanonin magunguna suna jayayya cewa testosterone kuma zai iya jinkirta aiwatar da shi tsufa : ƙarancin hasara na ƙwayar tsoka da haɗarin karaya, ƙarin ƙarfin jima'i, gami da ingantacciyar haɓaka, da sauransu. Duk da haka, waɗannan tasirin ba a nuna su ta hanyar kimiyya ba.
Anan ga manyan abubuwan da ke haifarwa andropause magani magana mai laushi kuma mai rikitarwa:
- Le matakan testosterone wanda ke nuna "rashi" a cikin maza masu matsakaici ba a sani ba. Bugu da kari, wannan adadin ya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum. Ma'auni da ake amfani da su a halin yanzu suna da ma'aunin ƙima kuma sun dogara ne akan matsakaicin da aka kafa don samari;
- Babu bayyanar cututtuka musamman ga andropause. A takaice dai, duk alamun da aka samu na iya zama sakamakon wasu matsalolin lafiya, kamar su bakin ciki, matsalolin jijiyoyin jini ko kiba;
- Ƙungiyar tsakanin ƙananan testosterone da alamun bayyanar cututtuka na andropause yana da rauni, bisa ga binciken daban-daban. Maza masu matakan testosterone na al'ada na iya samun alamun alamun andropause. Wasu masana sunyi imanin cewa bayyanar cututtuka na andropause sun fi sau da yawa sakamakon mummunan halaye na rayuwa2, 11;
- The amfanin da kuma hadari Jiyya tare da testosterone ba a bayyana a fili ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje na asibiti, duka gajere da dogon lokaci. Wasu masana sun ce maganin hormone na testosterone shine kawai placebo mai tsada12. Babban abin tsoro tare da wannan magani a cikin mazan maza shine ƙara haɗarin cutar kansa ta prostate ko bugun jini. Wannan saboda testosterone yana ƙara matakan haemoglobin kuma yana iya ɗan canza bayanin martabar lipid a cikin jini, yana ƙara haɗarin gudan jini a cikin jijiya a cikin kwakwalwa. Sauran hatsarori da aka ambata sun haɗa da: lalacewar hanta, haɓakar nono (wanda zai iya zama mai raɗaɗi), atrophy testicular, ƙara yawan tashin hankali ko halin rashin zaman lafiya da kuma tabarbarewar rashin lafiyar da ake ciki (maganin barci, mania, damuwa, da dai sauransu). Kamar hormones da aka wajabta wa matan postmenopausal, yana yiwuwa bayan haka cewa wannan maganin testosterone yana haifar da wasu haɗarin lafiya. Ana ci gaba da karatu;
- Sauran canje-canje na hormonal na iya bayyana tasirin andropause. DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone), hormone girma, melatonin kuma, zuwa ƙaramin adadin, hormones na thyroid suma suna yin tasirin su.
testosterone Testosterone shine babban sinadarin jima'i a cikin maza. Yana da alaƙa da kuzari da virility. Muna bin shi bayyanar halayen jima'i na namiji a lokacin balaga. Yana kuma taimakawa wajen tabbatar da lafiyar kashi da tsantsar tsoka da kuma kara kuzari wajen samar da maniyyi da jan jini. Yadda kitse ke taruwa a cikin jiki shima wannan hormone yana tasiri. Mata kuma suna samar da shi, amma da yawa kaɗan. Gwaje-gwaje suna yin testosterone. Adadin testosterone da aka samar ya dogara da sigina da aka aiko da glandan da ke cikin kwakwalwa: hypothalamus da pituitary. Abubuwa daban-daban zasu inganta ko hana samar da testosterone. Jima'i, alal misali, yana motsa ta. Da zarar an samar da shi, testosterone yana tafiya ta cikin jini kuma yana ɗaure ga masu karɓa a cikin kyallen takarda daban-daban, inda yake yin tasirinsa. |
bincike
Jiyya nadafaɗa kasancewar kwanan nan, ka'idodin da ke haifar da ganewar asali ba su da ingantaccen tushen kimiyya.
Likitan ya fara tambaya game da bayyanar cututtuka ji ta majininsa. Yana iya amfani da wasu nau'ikan kima don mafi kyawun kwatanta tsananin alamun, kamar gwajin AMS (don Makin Maza Tsufa) ko gwajin ADAM (don Rashin Androgen Na Tsofaffi Namiji). Don duba waɗannan gwaje-gwaje, duba sashin Shafukan sha'awa.
Wannan dama ce mai kyau don kafa a cikakken lafiya duba : gwajin jini (profile na lipid, thyroid hormones, takamaiman prostate antigen, da dai sauransu), hoton lafiyar zuciya, bayyani game da halaye na rayuwa. Jerin magunguna da samfuran kiwon lafiya na halitta da aka cinye zasu kammala hoton. Wannan kima zai taimaka wajen ware wasu abubuwan da za su iya haifar da alamun bayyanar cututtuka (anemia, damuwa, hypothyroidism, ciwo na gajiya mai tsanani, matsalolin jini, tasirin kwayoyi, da dai sauransu).
Yin gwajin jini
Anan akwai wasu bayanai game da gwaje-gwajen da ake amfani da su don tantance ko akwai ƙarancin testosterone.
A cewar kungiyar International Society for Study of Aging Male (ISSAM), gwaje-gwaje da nufin aunawa. jini testosterone matakan ya kamata ya zama wani ɓangare na ganewar asali tun da alamun bayyanar bazai da alaƙa da andropause3. Amma waɗannan gwaje-gwajen ana yin su ne kawai idan an nuna alamun fiye da ɗaya.
- Jimlar matakan testosterone. Sakamakon wannan gwajin ya haɗa da duka testosterone daure zuwa mai jigilar kaya (da jima'i hormone dauri globuline ko SHBG da, zuwa ƙaramin adadin, albumin) da testosterone wanda ke yawo cikin jini kyauta;
- Matakan testosterone kyauta. Wannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci tun yana da testosterone kyauta wanda ke aiki a cikin jiki. A matsakaita, game da 2% na testosterone yana kewaya cikin jini da yardar kaina. Babu wani gwaji wanda kai tsaye ya auna matakin testosterone kyauta. Don haka likitoci sun kiyasta ta hanyar lissafi: suna auna ƙimar jima'i hormone dauri globuline (SHBG) a cikin jini sannan a cire shi daga jimlar matakin testosterone.