Cutar Behçet cuta ce da ta shafi kumburin jijiyoyin jini. An fi bayyana shi ta hanyar ciwon kankara a baki ko akan al'aura, amma kuma ta lalacewar idanu, fata ko haɗin gwiwa. Ƙarin bayyanar cututtuka sun haɗa da lalacewar jijiyoyin jiki ko narkewar abinci, thrombosis na jijiyoyin jini da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini da kuma wasu lalacewar ido wanda zai iya haifar da makanta. Jiyya alama ce ta farko kuma tana iya haɗawa da colchicine da corticosteroids tare da ko ba tare da rigakafin rigakafi ba don ƙarin bayyanar cututtuka.

An fara bayyana wannan cutar ta likitan fata Behçet a 1934. Yana nuna cutar kumburi wanda zai iya haɗawa da vasculitis, wato kumburi, na jijiyoyin jini da / ko jijiyoyin kanana ko babba. , kazalika da thromboses, wato kumburin da ake samu a cikin arteries da / ko veins.

Cutar Behçet ta fi yawa a cikin Bahar Rum da Japan. Yana shafar maza da mata amma yakan zama mafi tsanani ga maza. Yawanci yana faruwa tsakanin shekarun 18 zuwa 40 kuma ana iya gani a cikin yara. 

Yana haɓakawa cikin ɓarna, yana haɗe da lokutan gafara. Wani lokaci yana iya zama mai mutuwa, bayan rikitarwa na jijiyoyin jiki, jijiyoyin jini (aneurysm ruptured) ko cututtukan gastrointestinal. Yawancin marasa lafiya a ƙarshe suna shiga gafara.

Ba a san musabbabin cutar Behçet ba. 

Abubuwan da ke haifar da rigakafi, gami da abubuwan da ke haifar da kumburi, da ƙwayoyin cuta (misali cutar ta herpes) ko kwayan cuta (misali streptococci) na iya shiga. HLA-B51 allele shine babban haɗarin haɗari. Lallai, masu ɗaukar wannan allurar suna da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar sau 1,5 zuwa 16 idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ba su ɗauke da ita ba.

Alamun asibiti na cutar Behçet sun bambanta kuma suna iya naƙasa a ayyukan rayuwar yau da kullun. Wadannan sun hada da:

• lalacewar fata kamar ulcers na bakin ciki a cikin 98% na lokuta, ciwon kankara na al'aura yana cikin 60% na lokuta kuma an fi fifita shi a cikin maza a kan scrotum, pseudo-folliculitis, dermo-hypodermic nodules da ke cikin 30 zuwa 40% na shari'ar;
• lalacewar haɗin gwiwa, kamar arthralgia da oligoarthritis mai kumburi na manyan gidajen abinci (gwiwoyi, idon sawu), a cikin 50% na lokuta;
• lalacewar tsoka, da wuya;
• lalacewar ido, kamar uveitis, hypopyon ko choroiditis, yana cikin kashi 60% na lokuta, kuma yana haifar da manyan matsaloli kamar ciwon ido, glaucoma, makanta;
• lalacewar jijiyoyin jiki a cikin 20% na lokuta. Sau da yawa walƙiya tana farawa da zazzabi da ciwon kai. Sun haɗa da meningoencephalitis, lalacewar jijiyoyin cranial, thrombophlebitis na sinuses na kwakwalwa;
• lalacewar jijiyoyin jini: thrombosis venous, galibi na sama, yana cikin 30 zuwa 40% na lokuta; lalacewar jijiya, ba kasafai ba, kamar arteritis mai kumburi ko aneurysms;
• cututtukan zuciya, da wuya, kamar myocarditis, endocarditis ko pericarditis; 
• cututtukan gastrointestinal, da wuya a Turai, ana nuna su ta rashin jin daɗi na ciki, ciwon ciki da gudawa tare da cututtukan hanji, kwatankwacin barkewar cutar Crohn ko ulcerative colitis;
• wasu cututtukan na iya yiwuwa, musamman na koda da na ƙwaya.

Babu maganin cutar Behçet. Magungunan da ake samu suna da nufin magance cutar ta rage kumburi.

Gudanar da cutar Behçet yana da alaƙa da yawa (babban likita, likitan ido, ƙwararre, da sauransu). Jiyya ya dogara da bayyanar cututtuka:

• colchicine (1 zuwa 2 milligrams kowace rana) ya kasance tushen magani, musamman lalacewar fata da haɗin gwiwa. Yana iya wadatarwa cikin sauƙi;
• lalacewar jijiya, jijiyoyin jini da jijiyoyin jini yana buƙatar magani tare da corticosteroids ko immunosuppressants (cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, methotrexate) ta tsarin;
• a cikin wasu sifofi masu tsananin ƙarfi, ana iya amfani da alpha interferon ta allurar subcutaneous;
• ana ƙara amfani da garkuwar alpha na TNF a cikin nau'ikan cututtukan cuta ko sifofi masu tsayayya da jiyya ta baya;
• jiyya na gida, musamman sifofin ido, na iya zama da amfani (idanun ido dangane da corticosteroids haɗe tare da zubar da ido don faɗaɗa ɗalibi don hana rikitarwa na uveitis);
• ana amfani da magungunan kashe kuɗaɗen da aka yi niyya don rage jinin jini don magance thrombosis.

A lokaci guda, ana ba da shawarar dakatar da shan sigari, sigari shine haɗarin haɗarin cututtukan jijiyoyin jini. Shan corticosteroids, musamman a cikin manyan allurai, dole ne ya kasance tare da abinci mai ƙarancin sukari da gishiri. A yayin ciwon haɗin gwiwa, yin motsa jiki mai ƙarfi na matsakaici, ban da matsi, na iya taimakawa wajen kiyaye sassaucin haɗin gwiwa da ƙarfin tsoka.

A ƙarshe, tunda cutar Behçet na iya haifar da damuwa da canza yanayin mutum, taimakon hankali na iya taimakawa wajen karɓar cutar mutum da kyau da kuma magance ta kamar yadda zai yiwu a kowace rana.