Nuna dipstick na fitsari hanya ce mai sauri da sauƙi don bayyana cututtuka daban -daban a matakin farko. Cututtukan da aka bincika sun haɗa da cututtukan rayuwa kamar su ciwon sukari (kasancewar glucose da / ko jikin ketone a cikin fitsari), cutar koda wani lokacin yana bin ciwon sukari ko hawan jini (kasancewar furotin a cikin fitsari), raunin urinary tract ko na prostate, alal misali bin ƙari ko lithiasis (kasancewar jini a cikin fitsari) ko kuma cututtukan urinary (kasancewar leukocytes da gabaɗayan nitrites a cikin fitsari).

Dipstick na fitsari an yi shi da sandar filastik ko tsiri na takarda, da nufin tsoma cikin fitsarin da aka tattara, wanda aka haɗa wuraren sinadaran sinadarai. iya canza launi a gaban wasu abubuwa. Halin yana da sauri sosai. Yawanci yana ɗaukar minti 1 don samun sakamakon gwajin.

Za a iya karanta tsintsin fitsarin da ido mara kyau. Karatun tsinken fitsari a zahiri an fassara shi cikin sauƙi ta hanyar tsarin sikelin launi. Wannan tsarin yana ba da damar samun ra'ayi na maida hankali, kasancewar ko rashin wasu abubuwa. Don ƙarin ingantaccen abin karatu, ana iya amfani da mai karanta dipstick na fitsari. Wannan yana karantawa da buga sakamakon ta atomatik. Waɗannan an ce adadinsu kaɗan ne: ana bayyana su ko dai a cikin korau, ko a cikin inganci, ko a ma'aunin ƙima.

Tufafin fitsarin suna ba da damar yin bincike cikin sauri, wanda zai iya jagorantar ganewar asali ko buƙatar ƙarin ƙarin cikakkun bayanai na ƙarin bincike. Lokacin amfani da dalilai da yawa, suna ba da damar a gwada fitsari don sigogi da yawa a cikin gwaji ɗaya, kamar:

• leukocytes ko farin jini;
• nitrites;
• sunadarai;
• pH (acidity / alkalinity);
• jajayen ƙwayoyin jini ko jajayen ƙwayoyin jini;
• haemoglobin;
• da yawa;
• jikin ketone;
• glucose;
• bilirubin;
• urobilinogen.

Don haka, dangane da tube, ana iya gano cututtuka 4 zuwa fiye da 10, gami da musamman:

• ciwon sukari: kasancewar glucose a cikin fitsari yakamata ya haifar da neman ciwon sukari ko maganin rashin ciwon sukari wanda bai daidaita ba. Lallai, rashin ko rashin amfani da insulin ta jiki yana haifar da ƙaruwa a cikin matakan sukari na jini, wato a cikin yawan glucose a cikin jini. Daga baya kodar da ke cikin fitsari ta kawar da yawan glucose a cikin jini. Kasancewar jikin ketone da ke da alaƙa da glucose a cikin fitsari kuma yana ba da shawarar ciwon sukari da ke buƙatar magani na gaggawa;
• cututtukan hanta ko hanyoyin bile: kasancewar bilirubin, sakamakon lalacewar ƙwayoyin sel jini, da urobilinogen a cikin fitsari yana ba da damar shakkar wasu cututtukan hanta (hepatitis, cirrhosis) ko toshe hanyoyin hanji bile, alhakin don ƙaruwa mara kyau a cikin waɗannan aladu bile a cikin jini sannan a cikin fitsari;
• cututtukan tsarin fitsari: nuna sunadarai a cikin fitsari na iya bayyana rashin aikin koda, misali alaƙa da ciwon sukari ko hawan jini. Tabbas, kasancewar jini (jajayen ƙwayoyin jini) a cikin fitsari yana nuna cututtuka daban -daban na kodan da mafitsara: duwatsu, ƙwayar koda ko mafitsara, da dai sauransu. hadarin tasowa urolithiasis. Auna ma'aunin pH na fitsari yana sa ya yiwu, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, don taimakawa gano asalin lithiasis da daidaita yanayin cin abincin mara lafiyar lithiasic;
• cututtukan urinary tract: kasancewar leukocytes da gabaɗaya nitrites a cikin fitsari yana nufin ƙwayoyin cuta masu iya canza nitrates daga abinci zuwa nitrites suna cikin mafitsara ko mafitsara. Fitsarin da aka kamu shima wani lokacin yana ɗauke da alamun jini da furotin. A ƙarshe, pH alkaline mai ɗorewa na iya nuna kamuwa da cutar fitsari.

Zaku iya gwada fitsarin da kanku tare da gwajin gwajin fitsari. Tsarin yana da sauri da sauƙi. Don guje wa karkatar da sakamakon, ya kamata ku:

• yi gwajin a kan komai a ciki;
• wanke hannu da al'aura da sabulu ko maganin Dakin, ko ma da goge -goge;
• kawar da jirgin farko na fitsari a bayan gida;
• yi fitsari a cikin vial ɗin da aka bayar tare da tube ba tare da taɓa gefen babba ba;
• Cikakken homogenize fitsari ta hanyar juya kwalban sau da yawa;
• jiƙa tube don 1 na biyu a cikin fitsari, gabaɗaya yana shayar da duk wuraren da ke aiki;
• hanzarta magudana ta hanyar tsinci tsinken akan takarda mai sha don cire fitsarin da ya wuce kima;
• karanta sakamakon ta hanyar kwatanta launi da aka samo tare da kewayon launi wanda aka nuna akan marufi ko akan kwalban. Don yin wannan, girmama lokacin jira da mai ƙera ya ƙayyade.

Lokacin karatu don sakamako shine yawanci mintuna 2 don leukocytes da minti XNUMX don nitrite, pH, furotin, glucose, jikin ketone, urobilinogen, bilirubin, da jini.

Kariya don amfani

• kar a yi amfani da tsiri -tsiri (an nuna ranar ƙarewa akan kunshin);
• adana tsinken a busasshiyar wuri a yanayin zafin jiki na ƙasa da 30 ° C kuma a cikin fakitin su na asali;
• kar a sake yin amfani da ko yanke yankuna;
• fitsari dole ne a wuce da shi;
• fitsari dole ne ya kasance a cikin mafitsara aƙalla awanni 3 don ƙwayoyin cuta, idan suna nan, su sami lokacin canza nitrates zuwa nitrites;
• kada fitsarin yayi yawa. Wannan yana nufin bai kamata ku sha ruwa da yawa ba kafin gwajin;
• kar a zubar da fitsari tare da bututu a tsiri;
• kar a tara fitsari daga jakar fitsari na jarirai ko katanjin fitsari.

Za'a iya fassara sakamakon dipstick na fitsari ta hanyoyi da yawa dangane da yanayin da aka ba shi. Gabaɗaya, likitan yana amfani da shi azaman tuta, koren ko ja, wanda ke ba shi kwanciyar hankali ko yi masa gargaɗi game da kasancewar cutar da wasu gwaje -gwajen za su tabbatar.

Don haka, mafi girman taro na abu - ko glucose ne, furotin, jini ko leukocytes - mafi kusantar ya zama cutar ta kasance. Rigon fitsari na al'ada kuma baya bada garantin rashin cuta. Fitsarin wasu mutane kawai yana ɗauke da abubuwa masu yawa da yawa a wani matakin ci gaba na cutar, yayin da wasu mutane ke fitar da abubuwa mara kyau a cikin fitsarinsu kwatsam.

A gefe guda, kodayake nazarin fitsari yana da matukar mahimmanci don gano wasu cututtuka, bincike ne kawai. Dole ne a ƙara wasu ƙarin nazarin don tabbatarwa ko a'a sakamakon da aka samu, kamar:

• gwajin cytobacteriological urinary (ECBU);
• ƙididdigar jini (CBC);
• azumin jini na azumi, wato, auna glucose a cikin jini bayan akalla awanni 8 na azumi.