Aorta na thoracic (daga Girkanci aortê, ma'ana babban jijiya) yayi daidai da wani ɓangare na aorta.

Matsayi. Aorta shine babban jijiya da ke fitowa daga zuciya. Ya ƙunshi sassa biyu:

• wani sashi na thoracic, yana farawa daga zuciya kuma yana shiga cikin thorax, wanda ya ƙunshi aorta na thoracic;
• wani sashe na ciki, yana biye da sashin farko kuma yana shiga cikin ciki, wanda ya zama jijiyar ciki.

Structure. Aorta na thoracic ya kasu kashi uku (1):

• Hawan thoracic aorta. Ya ƙunshi ɓangaren farko na aorta na thoracic.

  Origin. Hawan thoracic aorta yana farawa daga ventricle na hagu na zuciya.

  Suitt. Yana hawa sama yana da ɗan kumbura, ana kiransa bulb of the aorta.

  ƙarshe. Yana ƙarewa a matakin haƙarƙari na 2 don haɓakawa ta ɓangaren kwance na thoracic aorta.

  Bangarorin gefe. Aorta na thoracic da ke hawan yana haifar da tasoshin jijiyoyin jini, daure don zuciya. (2)

• Horizontal thoracic aorta. Har ila yau ana kiransa baka na aortic ko aortic arch, shine wurin da ke haɗa sassan hawan da ke gangarowa na thoracic aorta. (2)

  Asalin Bakin aorta yana bin sashin hawan hawan, a matakin haƙarƙari na 2.

  hanyar. Yana lanƙwasa kuma yana shimfidawa a kwance kuma a fili, zuwa hagu da kuma zuwa baya.

  ƙarshe. Ya ƙare a matakin 4th thoracic vertebra.

  Bangarorin gefe.

  Aortic baka yana haifar da rassa da yawa (2) (3):

  Brachiocephalic arterial ganga. Yana farawa a farkon baka na aortic, yana shimfida sama da baya kadan. Ya kasu kashi biyu rassa: dama na farko carotid da dama subclavian, ƙaddara ga dama sternoclavicular hadin gwiwa.

  Hagu na farko carotid. Yana farawa a bayan baka na aortic kuma zuwa hagu na gangar jikin brachiocephalic. Yana hawa zuwa gindin wuyansa. Jijin subclavian na hagu. Yana farawa a bayan jijiya na farko na carotid na hagu kuma ya hau don shiga gindin wuyansa.

  Neubauer's ƙananan thyroid artery. Ba daidai ba, yawanci yana farawa tsakanin kututturen jijiya na brachio-cephalic da jijiya carotid na farko na hagu. Yana hawa sama ya ƙare a thyroid isthmus.

• Saukowa aorta na thoracic. Ya ƙunshi ɓangaren ƙarshe na aorta na thoracic.

  Asalin Saukowar thoracic aorta yana farawa a matakin 4th thoracic vertebra.

  hanyar. Yana gangarowa a cikin mediastinum, wani yanki na anatomical dake tsakanin huhu biyu kuma ya ƙunshi gabobin daban-daban ciki har da zuciya. Sa'an nan ya wuce ta diaphragmatic orifice. Yana ci gaba da tafiya, yana gabatowa tsakiyar layi don sanya kansa a gaban kashin baya. (1) (2)

  ƙarshe. Aorta na thoracic da ke saukowa yana ƙarewa a matakin 12th thoracic vertebra, kuma an mika shi ta hanyar aorta na ciki. (1) (2)

  Bangarorin gefes. Suna haifar da rassa da yawa: rassan visceral waɗanda aka ƙaddara don gabobin thoracic; rassan parietal zuwa bangon kirji.

  Jijiyoyin Bronchial. Suna farawa daga ɓangaren sama na thoracic aorta kuma suna shiga cikin bronchi, kuma adadin su ya bambanta.

  Esophageal arteries. Daga 2 zuwa 4, waɗannan ƙananan arteries suna tasowa tare da thoracic aorta don shiga cikin esophagus.

  Jijiyoyin tsakiya. Ƙaddamar da ƙananan arterioles, suna farawa a gaban fuskar thoracic aorta kafin su shiga cikin pleura, pericardium da ganglia.

  Na baya intercostal arteries. Sha biyu a lamba, sun samo asali ne a kan fuskar baya na thoracic aorta kuma an rarraba su a matakin daidaitattun wurare na intercostal. (12)

Vascularization. Tare da taimakon rassansa masu yawa da ke ba da bangon thoracic da gabobin visceral, thoracic aorta yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin jijiyar kwayoyin halitta.

Ƙarfin bango. Aorta yana da bango na roba wanda ke ba shi damar daidaitawa da bambance -bambancen matsin lamba da ke tasowa yayin lokutan bugun zuciya da hutawa.

Aortic aortic aneurysm na thoracic na haihuwa ne ko aka samu. Wannan ilimin ilimin cututtuka ya dace da dilation na thoracic aorta, yana faruwa lokacin da ganuwar aorta ba ta kasance daidai ba. Yayin da yake ci gaba, anerysm na aortic na ciki zai iya haifar da: (4) (5).

• matsawa gabobin makwabta;
• thrombosis, wato, samuwar gudan jini, a cikin aneurysm;
• ci gaba da rarrabawar aortic;
• rikicin fissure daidai da "pre-rupture" kuma yana haifar da ciwo;
• wani ruptured aneurysm daidai da rupture na bango na aorta.

Jiyya na tiyata. Dangane da mataki na aneurysm da yanayin majiyyaci, ana iya yin tiyata a kan thoracic aorta.

Kula da lafiya. Idan akwai ƙananan aneurysms, ana sanya majiyyaci ƙarƙashin kulawar likita amma ba lallai ba ne ya buƙaci tiyata.

Nazarin jiki. Da farko, ana yin gwajin asibiti don tantance ciwon ciki da / ko lumbar da aka ji.

Gwajin hoton likita. Don tabbatarwa ko tabbatar da ganewar asali, ana iya yin duban dan tayi na ciki. Ana iya ƙara shi ta hanyar CT scan, MRI, angiography, ko ma aortography.

Neubauer's ƙananan thyroid artery yana da sunansa zuwa karni na 18 masanin jikin Jamusanci kuma likitan fiɗa Johann Neubauer. (6)