Le warkewa taba hanya ce da ke tuno da daɗaɗɗen al'adarɗora hannu, ba tare da ma'anar addini ba. Wataƙila wannan yana ɗaya daga cikinhanyoyin makamashi mafi ilimi da kuma rubuce-rubuce. Nazari daban-daban suna nuna tasirin sa wajen rage damuwa, zafi, da kuma illar cutarwa bayan tiyata da chemotherapy, alal misali.

Hakanan an yarda da hanyar da ƙungiyoyi da yawa namasu jinya ciki har da Order of Nurses of Quebec (OIIQ), Nurses of Order of Victoria (VON Canada) da kuma American Nurses Association. Ana amfani da shi a cikin da yawa asibitoci kuma ya koyar a jami'o'i da kwalejoji sama da 100, a cikin ƙasashe 75 na duniya¹.

Duk da sunansa, da warkewa taba ba yawanci ya ƙunshi taɓawa kai tsaye ba. Ma'aikacin yakan kiyaye hannayensa kusan santimita goma daga jikin majinyacin da ya rage sanye da tufafi. Zaman taɓawa na warkewa yana ɗaukar mintuna 10 zuwa 30 kuma yawanci yana faruwa cikin matakai 5:

• Mai aikin yana kula da kansa a ciki.
• Yin amfani da hannayensa, yana kimanta yanayin filin makamashi na mai karɓa.
• Yana sharewa tare da faffadan motsin hannu don kawar da cunkoson makamashi.
• Yana sake daidaita filin makamashi ta hanyar ƙaddamar da tunani, sautuna ko launuka a ciki.
• A ƙarshe, yana sake tantance ingancin filin makamashi.

Masu aikin taɓawa na warkewa sun bayyana cewa jiki, hankali da motsin rai wani ɓangare ne na a filin makamashi hadaddun da ƙarfi, musamman ga kowane mutum, wanda zai zama adadi a yanayi. Idan wannan filin yana ciki jituwalafiya; damuwa shine cuta.

Taɓawar warkewa zai ba da izini, godiya ga a canja wurin makamashi, sake daidaita filin makamashi da inganta lafiya. Bisa lafazin masu sukar na tsarin, ainihin kasancewar "filin makamashi" ba a taɓa tabbatar da kimiyya ba kuma amfanin taɓawar warkewa yakamata a danganta shi da amsa kawai. m tabbatacce ko ga tasiri placebo².

Don ƙara da cece-kuce, bisa ga masu ilimin tauhidi na taɓawa, ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke tattare da maganin taɓawa zai zama ingancin tsakiya, nanufi da kuma tausayi na mai magana; wanda, dole ne a yarda da shi, ba shi da sauƙin tantancewa a asibiti…

Le warkewa taba An haɓaka shi a farkon 1970s ta hanyar "magani," Dora Kunz, da Dolores Krieger, Ph.D., ma'aikacin jinya da farfesa a Jami'ar New York. Sun yi aiki tare da likitocin da suka ƙware a cikin rashin lafiyar jiki da rigakafi, neuropsychiatry da kuma masu bincike, ciki har da masanin ilimin halittu na Montreal Bernard Grad na Cibiyar tunawa da Allen a Jami'ar McGill. Wannan ya gudanar da bincike da yawa kan gyare-gyaren da masu warkarwa za su iya haifarwa, musamman akan kwayoyin cuta, yisti, beraye da berayen dakin gwaje-gwaje.^3,4.

Lokacin da aka fara ƙirƙira shi, taɓawar warkewa da sauri ta zama sananne ga ma'aikatan jinya saboda su lamba gata da mutanen wahala, sanin su jikuna mutane da su tausayi na halitta. Tun daga nan, mai yiwuwa saboda babban sauƙi (zaku iya koyon fasaha na asali a cikin kwanaki 3), maganin warkewa ya yada a cikin yawan jama'a. A cikin 1977, Dolores Krieger ya kafa Nurse Healers - Professional Associates International (NH-PAI)⁵ wanda har yanzu yana gudanar da aiki a yau.

Gwaje-gwaje na asibiti da yawa bazuwar sun kimanta tasirin warkewa taba kan batutuwa daban-daban. Biyu meta-bincike, aka buga a 1999^6,7, da kuma sake dubawa na yau da kullun^8-12 , wanda aka buga har zuwa 2009, ya ƙare yiwuwar aiki. Koyaya, marubutan galibin binciken suna ba da haske iri-iri rashin tsari methodological, ƴan binciken da aka sarrafa da kyau da aka buga da wahalar bayyana aikin taɓawar warkewa. Sun kammala da cewa ba zai yiwu ba a wannan mataki na bincike don tabbatarwa da wani tabbaci ingancin taɓawar warkewa kuma za a buƙaci ƙarin gwaje-gwaje masu inganci.

 Rage damuwa. Ta hanyar maido da filayen makamashi da haifar da yanayi na annashuwa, taɓawar warkewa na iya taimakawa wajen samar da jin daɗin rayuwa ta hanyar rage damuwa.^13,14. Sakamakon gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje da yawa na asibiti sun nuna cewa, idan aka kwatanta da ƙungiyar kulawa ko ƙungiyar placebo, magungunan maganin warkewa sun kasance masu tasiri wajen rage damuwa a cikin mata masu ciki. addicts¹⁵, tsofaffi da aka kafa¹⁶, marasa lafiya ciwon hauka¹⁷, babba ƙone¹⁸, daga marasa lafiya zuwa kula m¹⁹ da yara masu dauke da cutar HIV²⁰.

A gefe guda, ba a sami wani tasiri mai amfani ba a cikin wani binciken bincike na asibiti wanda ke kimanta tasiri na maganin warkewa don rage ciwo da damuwa a cikin mata da za su sha wahala. biopsy ka nono²¹.

Gwaji biyu bazuwar kuma sun kimanta tasirin warkewa taba a cikin batutuwa masu lafiya. Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna nuna sakamako sabani. Sakamakon farko²² nuna cewa zaman taɓawa na warkewa tare da ƙwararrun masana kiwon lafiya 40 da ɗalibai ba su da tasiri mai kyau akantashin hankali a mayar da martani ga wani lokacin damuwa (jarabawa, gabatarwar baki, da dai sauransu) idan aka kwatanta da ƙungiyar kulawa. Duk da haka, ƙananan samfurin wannan gwaji na iya rage yiwuwar gano wani tasiri mai mahimmanci na maganin warkewa. Sabanin haka, sakamakon gwaji na biyu²³ (41 lafiya mata masu shekaru 30 zuwa 64) suna nuna sakamako mai kyau. Idan aka kwatanta da ƙungiyar kulawa, mata a cikin ƙungiyar gwaji sun ragu cikin damuwa da damuwa tashin hankali.

 Inganta jin daɗin masu fama da cutar kansa. A cikin 2008, marasa lafiya 90 sun kwantar da su a asibiti don kula da su chemotherapy samu, don kwanaki 5, jiyya na yau da kullun na maganin warkewa²⁴. An raba matan da bazuwar zuwa ƙungiyoyin 3: taɓawar warkewa, placebo (kwaikwayo na taɓawa) da ƙungiyar kulawa (sassan da aka saba). Sakamakon ya nuna cewa maganin warkewa da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ƙungiyar gwaji ya fi tasiri sosai wajen rage ciwo da gajiya idan aka kwatanta da sauran ƙungiyoyi biyu.

Gwajin ƙungiyar kulawa da aka buga a cikin 1998 ta kimanta tasirin warkewa taba a cikin batutuwa 20 masu shekaru 38 zuwa 68 tare da ciwon daji na ƙarshe²⁵. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa maganin taɓawa na tsawon mintuna 15 zuwa 20 da aka gudanar na tsawon kwanaki 4 a jere ya haifar da haɓakar jin daɗi. alheri. A wannan lokacin, marasa lafiya a cikin ƙungiyar kulawa sun lura da raguwa a cikin jin dadin su.

Wani gwajin bazuwar idan aka kwatanta tasirin taɓawar warkewa da tausa na Sweden yayin aikin dashen kasusuwa a cikin batutuwa 88 tare da ciwon daji²⁶. Marasa lafiya sun sami maganin taɓawa ko zaman tausa kowane kwanaki 3 daga farkon zuwa ƙarshen jiyya. Masu sa kai sun ziyarci batutuwa a cikin rukunin kulawa don shiga cikin tattaunawa ta abokantaka. Marasa lafiya a cikin ƙungiyoyin taɓawa da tausa sun ba da rahoton wani m ta'aziyya yayin aiwatar da dasawa, idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ke cikin rukunin kulawa. Duk da haka, ba a sami bambanci tsakanin ƙungiyoyin 3 ba game da matsalolin da suka biyo baya.

 Rage ciwo mai alaƙa da tiyata ko magani mai raɗaɗi a cikin marasa lafiya na asibiti. Ta hanyar haifar da jin daɗin jin daɗi da annashuwa, taɓawar warkewa na iya zama ƙarin shiga tsakani ga jiyya na magunguna na yau da kullun don sarrafa zafin marasa lafiya na asibiti.^27,28. Gwajin bazuwar da aka sarrafa da kyau da aka buga a cikin 1993 ya ba da ɗayan matakan farko na fa'idodin taɓawar warkewa a wannan yanki.²⁹. Wannan gwaji ya shafi marasa lafiya 108 da aka yi tiyata babban tiyatar ciki ko pelvic. Ragewar a postoperative zafi an lura da marasa lafiya a cikin "tabawar warkewa" (13%) da "daidaitaccen maganin analgesic" (42%) ƙungiyoyi, amma ba a sami canji a cikin marasa lafiya a cikin rukunin placebo ba. Bugu da ƙari, sakamakon ya nuna cewa maganin warkewa ya tsawaita tsawon lokaci tsakanin allurai na analgesics da marasa lafiya suka buƙaci idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ke cikin rukunin placebo.

A cikin 2008, binciken ya kimanta taɓawar warkewa a cikin marasa lafiya da ke jurewa a karon farko a kewaye jijiyoyin jini³⁰. An raba batutuwa zuwa ƙungiyoyi 3: maganin warkewa, ziyarar abokantaka da kulawa mai kyau. Marasa lafiya a cikin rukunin jiyya sun nuna ƙananan matakan damuwa da gajeriyar zaman asibiti fiye da waɗanda ke cikin sauran ƙungiyoyin 2. A gefe guda, ba a sami wani gagarumin bambanci a cikin amfani da kwayoyi ko abubuwan da suka faru na matsalar bugun zuciya bayan tiyata ba.

Sakamakon wani gwajin bazuwar na 99 manyan konewa marasa lafiya da ke asibiti sun nuna cewa, idan aka kwatanta da ƙungiyar placebo, lokutan taɓawa na warkewa suna da tasiri wajen rage yawan zafi¹⁸. Koyaya, ba a sami bambanci tsakanin ƙungiyoyin 2 ba dangane da shan ƙwayoyi.

Wadannan sakamakon ba su ƙyale mu mu ba da shawarar yin amfani da maganin warkewa kawai don rage ciwon baya. Amma sun nuna cewa a hade tare da daidaitattun kulawa, zai iya taimakawa rage ciwo ko rage yawan shan miyagun ƙwayoyi. magunguna.

 Sauƙaƙe radadin da ke da alaƙa da amosanin gabbai da osteoarthritis. Gwaje-gwaje na asibiti guda biyu sun kimanta sakamakon warkewa taba da ciwon da aka gane da batutuwa masu fama da cututtukan arthritis da osteoarthritis. A cikin farko, wanda ya shafi mutane 31 tare da osteoarthritis na gwiwa, an rage raguwa a cikin matakan jin zafi a cikin batutuwa a cikin ƙungiyar maganin warkewa idan aka kwatanta da batutuwa a cikin placebo da ƙungiyoyi masu kulawa.³¹. A cikin sauran gwaji, an yi la'akari da tasirin maganin warkewa da kuma shakatawa na tsoka mai ci gaba a cikin batutuwa na 82 tare da cututtukan cututtuka na degenerative.³². Kodayake duka jiyya sun haifar da raguwa a cikin ciwo, wannan raguwa ya fi girma a cikin yanayin ci gaba da shakatawa na tsoka, yana nuna tasiri mafi girma na wannan hanya.

 Rage bayyanar cututtuka a cikin marasa lafiya masu ciwon hauka kamar cutar Alzheimer. Karamin gwaji inda kowane batu ya kasance ikon kansa, wanda aka gudanar tare da mutane 10 masu shekaru 71 zuwa 84 tare da matsakaita zuwa cutar Alzheimer mai tsanani.³³ an buga shi a cikin 2002. Abubuwan da aka samu sun sami mintuna 5-7 na jiyya na taɓawa na warkewa, sau 2 a rana, don kwanaki 3. Sakamakon yana nuna raguwa a cikin yanayinagitation batutuwa, rashin lafiyar ɗabi'a da ake iya gani a lokacin dementia.

Wani gwaji na bazuwar, wanda ya haɗa da ƙungiyoyin 3 (maganin warkewa na minti 30 a kowace rana don kwanaki 5, placebo da kulawa na yau da kullun), an gudanar da su akan batutuwa 51 masu shekaru sama da 65 tare da cutar Alzheimer kuma suna fama da alamun halayya. ciwon hauka na tsofaffi³⁴. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa taɓawar warkewa ya haifar da raguwa a cikin alamun halayen rashin ƙarfi na lalata, idan aka kwatanta da placebo da kulawa na yau da kullun. Duk da haka, ba a sami bambanci tsakanin ƙungiyoyin 3 ba dangane da tashin hankali na jiki da tashin hankali. A cikin 2009, sakamakon wani binciken ya goyi bayan waɗannan binciken ta hanyar ba da shawarar cewa taɓawar warkewa na iya yin tasiri wajen sarrafa alamun bayyanar cututtuka kamar su.agitation da danniya³⁵.

 Rage ciwon kai. Gwajin asibiti guda ɗaya kawai da ke bincikar alamun ciwon kai an buga^36,37. Wannan gwajin bazuwar, wanda ya shafi batutuwa 60 masu shekaru 18 zuwa 59 da ke fama da cutar. ciwon kai tsaye, kwatanta tasirin zaman na warkewa taba zuwa zaman placebo. An rage zafi kawai a cikin batutuwa a cikin rukunin gwaji. Bugu da ƙari, an kiyaye wannan raguwa na sa'o'i 4 masu zuwa.

 Haɓaka warkar da rauni. An yi amfani da taɓawa na warkewa na shekaru da yawa don taimakawa wajen warkar da cutar raunuka, amma kaɗan ne aka yi nazari mai inganci. Wani bita na yau da kullun da aka buga a cikin 2004 ya nuna alamun gwaji na asibiti 4 bazuwar, duk marubuci ɗaya ne, akan wannan batun.³⁸. Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen, gami da jimillar batutuwa 121, sun ba da rahoton tasirin saɓani. Biyu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen sun nuna sakamako don goyon bayan taɓawar warkewa, amma sauran 2 sun ba da akasin sakamako. Don haka marubutan haɗin gwiwar sun kammala cewa babu wata hujja ta kimiyya ta gaske game da tasirin maganin warkewa akan warkar da rauni.

 Taimakawa wajen maganin anemia. Gwajin asibiti guda ɗaya kaɗai aka buga akan wannan batu (a cikin 2006)³⁹. A cikin wannan gwaji, wanda ya shafi dalibai na 92 ​​tare da anemia, an raba batutuwa zuwa kungiyoyi 3: maganin warkewa (sau 3 15 zuwa minti 20 a kowace rana, 3 kwanakin baya), placebo ko babu shiga tsakani. Sakamakon ya nuna hauhawar farashinhaemoglobin da kuma hematocrit da yawa a cikin batutuwa na ƙungiyar gwaji kamar yadda suke cikin rukunin placebo, sabanin ƙungiyar kulawa. Koyaya, haɓakar matakan haemoglobin ya kasance mafi girma a cikin rukunin taɓawa na warkewa fiye da rukunin placebo. Waɗannan sakamakon farko sun nuna cewa ana iya amfani da taɓawar warkewa a cikin maganin anemia, amma ƙarin bincike dole ne ya tabbatar da hakan.

 Rage ciwo mai tsanani. Wani binciken matukin jirgi da aka buga a cikin 2002 idan aka kwatanta tasirin ƙara haɓakar maganin warkewa zuwa yanayin haɓakar halayyar da ke nufin rage jin zafi a cikin batutuwa na 12 tare da ciwo na yau da kullun.⁴⁰. Kodayake na farko, waɗannan sakamakon sun nuna cewa taɓawar warkewa zai iya inganta tasirin dabarun jiyya. shakatawa don rage ciwo na kullum.

 Taimaka kawar da alamun fibromyalgia. Binciken matukin jirgi mai sarrafawa da aka buga a cikin 2004, wanda ya ƙunshi batutuwa 15, ya kimanta tasirin taɓawar warkewa.⁴¹ akan alamun fibromyalgia. Batutuwan da suka sami maganin taɓawa na warkewa sun ba da rahoton ingantawa a ciki zafi ji kuma ingancin rayuwa. Koyaya, batutuwa masu kama da juna sun ba da rahoton haɓaka kwatankwacinsu a cikin ƙungiyar kulawa. Don haka za a buƙaci wasu gwaje-gwaje don a iya tantance ainihin tasirin tsarin.

Le warkewa taba ana yin su ne da farko ta hanyar ma'aikatan jinya a asibitoci, wuraren kulawa na dogon lokaci, cibiyoyin gyarawa da mazaunin tsofaffi. wasu masu kwantar da hankali kuma suna ba da sabis a ciki al'auraye.

Gabaɗaya zaman yana ɗaukar awa 1 zuwa 1 ½ hour. A lokacin wannan, ainihin taɓawar warkewa bai kamata ya wuce minti 20 ba. Gabaɗaya yana biye da lokacin hutu da haɗin kai na kusan mintuna ashirin.

Don magance cututtuka masu sauƙi, irin su ciwon kai na tashin hankali, sau da yawa taro ɗaya ya isa. A gefe guda, idan tambaya ce ta yanayi masu rikitarwa, irin su ciwo mai tsanani, zai zama dole don tsara jiyya da yawa.

Babu takaddun takaddun shaida na masu ruwa da tsaki a ciki warkewa taba. Nurse Healers - Professional Associates International sun kafa nagartacce horo da aiki, amma gane cewa aikin yana da mahimmanci kuma kusan ba zai yiwu a tantance "da gangan ba". Ana bada shawara don zaɓar ma'aikaci wanda ke amfani da fasaha akai-akai (akalla sau biyu a mako) kuma wanda ke da aƙalla shekaru 2 na gwaninta a ƙarƙashin kulawar mai ba da shawara. A ƙarshe, tun da tausayi da so warke kamar yana taka rawar gani a cikin taɓawar warkewa, yana da matukar muhimmanci a zaɓi likitan kwantar da hankali tare da wanda kuke jin kusanci da cikakke. abokin tarayya saya.

Koyon asali dabara na warkewa taba yawanci ana yinsa a cikin kwanaki 3 na 8 hours. Wasu masu horarwa suna da'awar cewa wannan horon bai cika cika ba kuma a maimakon haka yana ba da 3 karshen mako.

Don zama ƙwararriyar likita, sannan zaku iya shiga cikin tarurrukan haɓaka ƙwararru daban-daban da yin aiki a ƙarƙashin kulawar jagora. Ƙungiyoyi daban-daban irin su Nurse Healers - Professional Associates International ko Therapeutic Touch Network na Ontario sun amince da darussan horarwa waɗanda ke haifar da lakabi na Kwararren Kwararren or Gane Mai Kwarewa, misali. Amma ko an gane ko a'a, da kaina tabbatar da ingancin horon. Duba menenekwarewa masu horarwa na gaske, a matsayin masu aiki da malamai, kuma kada ku yi shakka a nemi nassoshi.

West Andree. Taɓawar warkewa - Shiga cikin tsarin warkarwa na halitta, Editions du Roseau, 2001.

Cikakken jagora wanda aka rubuta da zuciya da sha'awa. Tushen ka'idar, tsarin ra'ayi, yanayin bincike, dabaru da fagagen aikace-aikace, duk abin yana nan.

Mahaliccin taɓawar warkewa ya rubuta littattafai da yawa akan batun. An fassara ɗaya daga cikinsu zuwa Faransanci:

Jarumi Dolores. Jagora don taɓawar warkewa, Lahadi, 1998.

Videos

Nurse Healers - Professional Associates International bayar da uku videos gabatar warkewa touch: Therapeutic Touch: The Vision da Gaskiyar, na Dolores Krieger da Dora Kunz, Matsayin Jiki, Hankali da Ruhaniya a cikin Waraka by Dora Kunz, and Darasi na Bidiyo don Ma'aikatan Kula da Lafiya da Janet Quinn.

Therapeutic Touch Network na Quebec

Gidan yanar gizon wannan ƙungiyar matasa yana cikin Turanci kawai a yanzu. Ƙungiyar tana da alaƙa da Therapeutic Touch Network of Ontario kuma tana ba da darussan horo daban-daban. Gabaɗaya bayanai da jerin membobin.

www.ttnq.ca

Ma'aikatan jinya - Ƙwararrun Associates International

Gidan yanar gizon hukuma na ƙungiyar da aka kafa a cikin 1977 ta mahaliccin taɓawar warkewa, Dolores Krieger.

www.therapeutic-touch.org

Therapeutic Touch Network of Ontario (TTNO)

Yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi masu mahimmanci a duniya a fagen taɓawar warkewa. Shafin yana cike da bayanai, karatu, labarai da hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa.

www.therapeutictouchontario.org

Therapeutic Touch -Yana aiki?

Shafin da ke ba da hanyoyin haɗi da yawa zuwa rukunin yanar gizon da ke da kyau, ko shakku, ko tsaka tsaki dangane da taɓawar warkewa.

www.phact.org/e/tt