Gurbacewar iska tana cutar da ba kawai muhalli ba, har ma da jikin mutum. A cewar Chest, wanda aka buga a mujallar kiwon lafiya ta Chest, gurɓataccen iska zai iya cutar da ba huhun mu kaɗai ba, har ma da kowace gaba da kuma kusan kowace tantanin halitta da ke jikin ɗan adam.
Bincike ya nuna cewa gurbacewar iskar tana shafar jiki baki daya kuma tana taimakawa wajen haifar da cututtuka da dama, tun daga cututtukan zuciya da huhu zuwa ciwon suga da ciwon hauka, daga matsalar hanta da ciwon daji na mafitsara zuwa ga kasusuwa da lalacewar fata. Yawan haihuwa da lafiyar 'yan tayi da yara suma suna cikin hadari saboda gubar iskar da muke shaka, kamar yadda nazari ya nuna.
A cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO), gurbatar iska shine “a” saboda sama da kashi 90% na al’ummar duniya suna fuskantar iska mai guba. Wani sabon bincike ya nuna cewa mutane miliyan 8,8 ke mutuwa a farkon shekara () yana nuna cewa gurɓataccen iska ya fi shan taba.
Amma dangantakar gurɓata daban-daban da cututtuka da yawa ya rage a kafa. Duk lalacewar da aka sani ga zuciya da huhu "" ne kawai.
"Gwargwadon iska na iya haifar da lahani mai tsanani da kuma na yau da kullum, wanda zai iya shafar kowane gabobin jiki," masana kimiyya daga Forum of International Respiratory Societies sun kammala, da aka buga a cikin mujallar Chest. "Barbashi na Ultrafinine suna wucewa ta cikin huhu, ana kama su cikin sauƙi kuma ana jigilar su ta cikin jini, suna kaiwa kusan kowane tantanin halitta a cikin jiki."
Farfesa Dean Schraufnagel na Jami’ar Illinois da ke Chicago, wanda ya jagoranci bitar, ya ce: “Ba zan yi mamaki ba idan kusan kowace gaɓar jiki ta shafa.”
Dr Maria Neira, Daraktar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a da Muhalli ta WHO ta yi tsokaci: “Wannan bita yana da kyau sosai. Yana ƙara wa tabbataccen shaidar da muke da ita. Akwai takardun kimiyya sama da 70 da ke tabbatar da cewa gurɓatacciyar iska tana shafar lafiyarmu. "
Ta yaya gurbataccen iska ke shafar sassa daban-daban na jiki?
Zuciya
Halin da tsarin garkuwar jiki ke yi game da barbashi na iya haifar da jijiyoyi a cikin zuciya su kunkuntar da tsokoki su raunana, yana sa jiki ya fi dacewa da bugun zuciya.
huhu
Illar da iska mai guba ke haifarwa a sassan numfashi—hanci, makogwaro, da huhu—sun fi yin nazari sosai. A cikin gurɓataccen abu ne ke haifar da cututtuka da yawa - daga ƙarancin numfashi da asma zuwa laryngitis na kullum da ciwon huhu.
kasusuwa
A cikin Amurka, nazarin mahalarta 9 sun gano cewa raunin kashi da ke da alaka da osteoporosis sun fi yawa a cikin yankunan da ke da yawan ƙwayar iska.
fata
Gurbacewa yana haifar da yanayin fata da yawa, daga wrinkles zuwa kuraje da eczema a cikin yara. Yayin da muke fuskantar gurɓata yanayi, hakan yana ƙara lalata fatar ɗan adam, mafi girman gaɓar jiki.
Eyes
An danganta bayyanar da ozone da nitrogen dioxide da ciwon ido, yayin da bushewa, da bacin rai, da kuma idanu na ruwa suma suna da alaka da gurbacewar iska, musamman ga mutanen da suke sanye da ruwan tabarau.
Brain
Bincike ya nuna cewa gurbacewar iska na iya gurgunta fahimtar yara da kuma kara hadarin kamuwa da ciwon hauka da shanyewar jiki ga manya.
Gabobin ciki
Daga cikin sauran gabobin da abin ya shafa akwai hanta. Binciken da aka yi tsokaci a cikin bita ya kuma danganta gurbacewar iska da cututtukan daji masu yawa, gami da wadanda ke cikin mafitsara da hanji.
Ayyukan haihuwa, jarirai da yara
Wataƙila mafi girman tasirin iska mai guba shine lalacewar haihuwa da tasiri akan lafiyar yara. A ƙarƙashin rinjayar iska mai guba, an rage yawan haihuwa kuma zubar da ciki yana karuwa.
Bincike ya nuna cewa hatta dan tayin yana iya kamuwa da cutar, kuma yara sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar, saboda har yanzu jikinsu yana tasowa. Fitar da gurɓataccen iska yana haifar da takurewar haɓakar huhu, ƙara haɗarin kiba na yara, cutar sankarar bargo, da matsalolin lafiyar hankali.
"Ilalar gurbatar yanayi na faruwa har ma a yankunan da yawan gurɓataccen iska ya yi ƙasa sosai," in ji masu binciken bita. Amma sun kara da cewa: “Albishir shi ne cewa za a iya magance matsalar gurbacewar iska.”
"Hanya mafi kyau don rage bayyanarwa ita ce sarrafa shi a tushen," in ji Schraufnagel. Galibin gurbacewar iska na zuwa ne daga kona man fetir don samar da wutar lantarki, dumama gidaje, da jigilar wutar lantarki.
"Muna buƙatar samun ikon sarrafa waɗannan abubuwan nan da nan," in ji Dokta Neira. “Wataƙila mu ne ƙarni na farko a tarihi da aka fallasa ga irin wannan gurɓataccen yanayi. Mutane da yawa suna iya cewa abubuwa sun fi muni a Landan ko kuma wasu wurare shekaru 100 da suka shige, amma yanzu muna magana ne game da adadin mutanen da suka kamu da iska mai guba na dogon lokaci.”
"Dukan biranen suna shakar iska mai guba," in ji ta. "Idan muka tattara bayanan, karancin damar 'yan siyasa za su rufe ido kan matsalar."