A wasu al'adu, an hana mata su dafa abinci, kuma a cikin fitattun masu dafa abinci, yawan mata ya ragu. Ba kamar rayuwar yau da kullun ba, inda mace take a murhu shine ma'aunin hoto. Da gaske, tare da duk ƙaunar jima'i mai rauni don dafa abinci, ba su da wuri a kan tauraron Olympus?
A Faransa mai ra'ayin mazan jiya, shugabar Anne-Sophie Pic (Maison Pic) ta lashe tauraruwar Michelin ta uku.
A baya a cikin 1926, kyawawan abinci sun fara alama tare da alamar alama kusa da sunan gidan abincin. A farkon 30s, an ƙara ƙarin taurari biyu. A yau, ana rarraba taurarin Michelin kamar haka:
* - gidan abinci mai kyau sosai a cikin nau'in sa,
** - kyakkyawan abinci, saboda gidan cin abinci yana da ma'ana don yin ɗan karkata daga hanya,
*** - babban aikin mai dafa abinci, yana da ma'ana don ɗaukar tafiya daban anan.
Ba da jimawa ba, Rugu Dia, wata matashiya mai dafa abinci, ta ɗauki nauyin abincin gidan abincin caviar na Parisian Petrossian. Har ila yau, mata sun yi suna a cikin abincin Italiya, Portugal da Birtaniya. Suna gudanar da kasuwancin nasu, suna rubuta littattafai, suna shiga cikin shirye-shiryen talabijin.
A cikin 20s zuwa ƙarshen 40s, mata da yawa sun fara buɗe ƙananan gidajen cin abinci a ciki da wajen Lyon. Bayan yaƙe-yaƙe na duniya, maza sun ɗauki yin aiki a cikin dafa abinci aiki ne mai wahala, kuma mata ne ke saita teburi.
Shahararrun "mahaifiyar Lyons" sune Eugenie Brasiere, Marie Bourgeois da Marguerite Bizet. Sun gina kicin bisa al'adar iyali kuma sun kiyaye girke-girke da suka gada daga kakanninsu. Wasa ne ya mamaye jita-jita, saboda har yanzu noma yana raguwa.
Gidan cin abinci na waɗannan matan sun sami nasarar lashe taurari uku na Michelin, masu su sun buga littattafan dafa abinci kuma sun shahara sosai a tsakanin mutanen Faransa.
Duk da wannan tarihin, a yau kasuwancin gidan abinci yana hannun maza masu ƙarfi. Sun ce wani nauyi ne da ba za a iya jurewa ba ga mata su ɗauki tukunyar jirgi su yi tsawon yini a ƙafafunsu, suna shirya ɗimbin kuɗaɗe. Kuma yanayi a cikin ɗakin dafa abinci sau da yawa yana da "zafi" - rikice-rikice, warware dangantaka, saurin aiki.
Duk da haka, duk da komai, gidajen cin abinci na farko da mata suka buɗe sun fara bayyana - ƙananan ƙananan, tun da yake yana da wuya a dafa don yawancin baƙi. Daya daga cikin wadannan gidajen cin abinci mallakin Nadia Santini dan kasar Italiya ne, wacce ta lashe tauraro uku saboda hazikinta, Dal Pescatore. Ta sanya wani yanki na ranta a cikin kowane tasa - matsayi na gargajiya na masu dafa abinci na Italiyanci.
A Biritaniya a wannan lokaci, mata masu dafa abinci a talabijin suna samun karbuwa. Mafi shahara a cikinsu ita ce Delia Smith. A cikin 90s na karni na ashirin, maza sun bayyana akan allon, amma mata da sauri sun canza zuwa abinci masu sana'a.
Shi kansa Gordon Ramsey, fitaccen mai dafa abinci a Biritaniya, ya ce “mace ba za ta iya yin girki ba ko da a cikin barazanar mutuwa.” Yanzu wata mace mai suna Claire Smith tana gudanar da kicin a babban gidan abincinsa da ke Landan.
Wani kicin dinsa a gidan cin abinci na Verre da ke Dubai, har zuwa kwanan nan, Angela Hartnett ce ke tafiyar da shi. Yanzu tana zaune a Landan kuma tana gudanar da gidajen cin abinci na otal na Connaught Grill, wanda ta riga ta sami tauraruwar Michelin ta farko.
Shahararrun mata masu dafa abinci
Anne-Sophie pic
Kakanta shi ne wanda ya kafa wani karamin masauki a bakin teku, ya yi hidima ga matafiya da suka je hutu zuwa Nice. Abincin da ya sa Maison Rice ya shahara shi ne gratin crayfish.
Ann-Sophie ta girma a cikin gidan abinci. Kullum da safe sai ta dandani kifin da aka kawo masauki. Iyaye sun karfafa sha'awar 'yar su kuma ba su tsoma baki a cikin ilimin dafuwa. Duk da wannan, Ann-Sophie ba ta so ta zama mai dafa abinci kuma ta zaɓi aikin gudanarwa. Yayin da take karatu a Paris da Japan, kakanta ya lashe taurarin Michelin 3, kuma mahaifinta ya ci gaba da kasuwanci. Bayan ’yan shekaru, Ann-Sophie ta fahimci cewa ainihin sha’awarta ita ce girki kuma ta dawo gida don yin karatu da mahaifinta. Abin takaici, mahaifinta ya mutu ba da daɗewa ba, kuma yarinyar ta yi tsayayya da ba'a, saboda babu wanda ya yarda da nasarar cin abinci.
A cikin 2007, ta karɓi tauraro na uku na Michelin kuma ta zama shugabar mata kawai "tauraro uku" a Faransa, da kuma ɗaya daga cikin masu dafa abinci ashirin mafi arziki a Faransa.
Kwarewarta: sea bass meuniere tare da m albasa jam, caramel-nut sauce da aka yi da goro na gida, ruwan inabi mai launin rawaya.
Helene Darroze
Magajiyar otal da gidan abinci na mahaifinta da ke Villeneuve-de-Marsan a kudu maso gabashin Faransa, ita ma, da farko ta kowace hanya ta yi watsi da batun iyayen. Bayan kammala karatunsa daga kwalejin kasuwanci, Helene ya zama manajan PR na Alan Ducasse, ya jagoranci ma'aikatan gidan cin abinci na Ofishin. Amma sai ta yanke shawarar zama mai dafa abinci da kanta ta koma gida. Bayan 'yan watanni, mahaifin ya yi ritaya, kuma 'yar ta kasance a cikin babba
A shekara ta 1995, an sanya sunan gidan otel din bayanta, kuma bayan shekara guda ta mayar da tauraruwar Michelin da mahaifinta ya rasa zuwa kafa. Helene ta zama mafi ƙarancin shugabar Chef na shekara, ta koma Paris, ta buɗe Helene Darroze (tauraro 2), sannan ta tafi London don gudanar da gidan cin abinci na Connaught.
Tasa hannu: ratatouille.
Angela Hartnett
Angela tana son yin girki tun tana ƙuruciya tare da kakarta ta Italiya, duk da haka, ta sauke karatu daga cibiyar tare da digiri a tarihin zamani, bayan haka ta bar aiki a gidan abinci a tsibirin Barbados. Daga Barbados, Angela ta zo don yin aiki ga Gordon Ramsay a Aubergine, kuma daga can ya koma Marcus Wareng a L', sa'an nan kuma zuwa Petrus.
Angela ba ta tsaya a nan ba: bayan lokaci, ta jagoranci Ramsey Verre a Dubai. A yau za ta bude gidan cin abinci nata, Murano, yayin da kuma za ta nufi York & Albany gastropub.
Kwarewarta: kuren sarauta tare da girma, miya da foie gras.
Claire Smith
Wannan yarinyar ba ita ce gadon masu cin abinci ba kuma ba ta girma a cikin ɗakin abinci ba. Sai da ta tabbatar da fasaharta tun daga tushe. Lardi daga Ireland ta Arewa, ta karanta tarihin manyan chefs zuwa ramuka. Bayan ta tashi daga makaranta, ta gudu zuwa Landan kuma ta kammala karatun digiri a kwalejin cin abinci. Ba da daɗewa ba ta sami damar yin hanyarta zuwa horo a cikin kicin na Gordon Ramsay.
Bayan 'yan shekaru, Ramsay ya ba ta horo a Louis XV na Alan Ducasse. A can, Claire, wadda ba ta san yaren ba, ta sha wahala: ta yi sauri ta koyi magana da dafa abinci don ba'a na masu dafa abinci. Komawa gidan cin abinci na Gordon Ramsay, bayan ƴan shekaru Claire ta ɗauki matsayin shugaba.
Kwarewarta ita ce ravioli tare da lobster, salmon da langoustines.
Rose Gray da Ruth Rogers
Rose da Ruth ’yan Ialyan ne masu matsakaicin shekaru biyu waɗanda, a cikin 1980s, “sun ɗaga girkin Birtaniyya daga kango.” Gidan cin abinci nasu, River Cafe, an shirya shi azaman ɗakin cin abinci don ofishin gine-ginen da ke gefen Thames. Amma saboda abinci mai daɗi mai daɗi, ba ma'aikata kaɗai suka fara zuwa nan don cin abinci ba.
Sa'an nan aka gyara gidan cafe, kuma ya zama wani gidan abinci mai tsada mai kujeru 120 tare da filin rani. Ruth da Rose sun jagoranci jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin kuma sun rubuta littattafan dafa abinci da yawa.
Elena Arzak
Elena tana gudanar da gidan abincin Arzhak a cikin birnin San Sebastian. Ta taso a gidan aure kuma ta koyi girki a gidan abinci daga mahaifiyarta da kakarta. An kafa gidan cin abinci na iyali a cikin 1897, kuma Elena ta fara aiki a wurin a matsayin 'yar makaranta, bawon kayan lambu da wanke salads.
A cikin stellar kitchen na Arzhak, shida daga cikin masu dafa abinci tara mata ne.
Kwarewarta: abincin teku daga bakin tekun Faransa tare da ciyawa a cikin man shanu da ƙananan kayan lambu, miyan dankalin turawa mai haske tare da caviar herring.
Bafaranshe Annie ba ta ma tunanin zama mai dafa abinci ba sai da ta auri ɗan Italiya. Mijinta, Giorgio Pinocchorri, ya bude gidan sayar da giya a tsohuwar Florentine palazzo a cikin 1972, inda mutane suka fi shan giya kuma suna shiga cikin dandanawa. Annie ta yanke shawarar ba da abinci ga giya - canapes da sandwiches. Bayan lokaci, menu ya faɗaɗa, an fara gayyatar Annie zuwa talabijin.
Ba a ba wa shugabar abinci hadaddun jita-jita na Italiyanci ta kowace hanya ba, kuma ta canza girke-girke ta hanyar Faransanci, ta haka ta ƙirƙira sabbin na marubucin. Giciye tsakanin abinci na Faransa da Italiyanci ya ba da sakamako mai ban mamaki: An ba Annie lambar yabo ta taurarin Michelin.