Papillae na lingual yana da sauƙi a cikin rufin harshe, wasu daga cikinsu suna shiga cikin fahimtar dandano. Papillae na harshe na iya zama wurin cututtuka daban-daban saboda rashin tsabtar baki, ko kuma suna iya kamuwa da raunuka ko cututtuka da wasu cututtuka ke haifarwa. 

Papillae na harshe ƙananan sassa ne a cikin rufin harshe. Akwai nau'ikan papillae na harshe guda huɗu waɗanda duk an rufe su da epithelium mai nau'i-nau'i (nau'in tantanin halitta):

• Gilashin papillae, wanda ake kira lingual V, lamba 9 zuwa 12. An jera su cikin siffar V a gindin harshe.
• Karami kuma mafi yawa filiform papillae an jera su a layi ɗaya daidai da lingual V a bayan harshe. An lulluɓe su da wani epithelium, wasu sel waɗanda aka ɗora su da keratin (protein sulfur wanda ya zama muhimmin kashi na epidermis).
• An warwatse papillae na fungiform tsakanin papillae filiform a baya da gefen harshe. A cikin siffar kawunan fil, sun fi ruwan hoda fiye da papillae filiform.
• The foliate papillae (ko foliaceous) suna located a gindin harshe a cikin tsawo na lingual V. A cikin nau'i na zanen gado, sun ƙunshi lymphoid nama (kwayoyin rigakafi).

A cikin rufin su na epithelial, goblet, fungiform da foliate papillae sun ƙunshi masu karɓar dandano, wanda ake kira dandano.

Ku ɗanɗani rawar

Goblet, fungiform da foliate dandano buds suna taka rawa a cikin fahimtar abubuwan dandano biyar: zaki, m, m, m, umami.

Abubuwan dandanon da ke ƙunshe a cikin ƙoshin ɗanɗano ana ba su da masu karɓa na sama waɗanda sune sunadaran da ke da ikon ɗaure wani nau'in ƙwayar cuta da aka bayar. Lokacin da kwayar halitta ta manne a saman toho, ana aika sigina zuwa kwakwalwa wanda ke mayar da saƙon da aka ji (gishiri, zaki, da sauransu.) Kowane toho ana haɗa shi da wani yanki na kwakwalwa wanda ke haifar da jin daɗi. . dadi (mai dadi) ko mara dadi (daci).

Matsayin ilimin halittar jiki

Tunanin ɗanɗano yana daidaita cin abinci, yana daidaita yunwa kuma yana taimakawa wajen zaɓar abinci. Misali, acid da daci da farko wasu abubuwa ne marasa dadi wadanda ke gargadi game da abinci mai guba ko lalacewa.

Matsayin injiniya

Filiform papillae, wanda ba ya ƙunshi abubuwan dandano, suna da aikin injiniya. Suna samar da wani yanayi mara kyau a bayan harshe don iyakance zamewar abinci yayin tauna.

Dandano buds na iya zama mai yiwuwa ga daban-daban na rashin daidaituwa da pathologies.

Cututtuka masu alaƙa da rashin tsabtar baki

• Harshen saburral yana da alamar kasancewar launin toka-fari mai launin toka a bayan harshe saboda kullun keratins a cikin filiform papillae. Ana iya haɗa shi da cututtuka daban-daban na gida, na narkewa ko tsarin jiki.
• Harshen mugu (ko mai gashi) yanayi ne na gama gari wanda ke haifar da gazawar cire sel masu ɗauke da keratin. Yana da alaƙa da kasancewar a bayan harshen na filaments launin ruwan kasa-baƙar fata, rawaya ko fari. Yana iya haifar da jin rashin ƙarfi, ƙaiƙayi ko ɗanɗanon ƙarfe. Shan taba, shaye-shaye, shan maganin rigakafi ko busasshen baki sune abubuwan da za su iya kawowa.

Yaren yanki

Harshen yanki wani kumburi ne mara kyau wanda ke bayyana ta kasancewar wuraren depapillation na harshe akan dorsal da / ko na gefen harshe. Wuri da siffar raunuka suna canzawa akan lokaci. Harshen yanki na iya haɓaka tare da wasu magunguna (corticosteroids, magungunan anticancer) ko bayyana a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari ko psoriasis.

Cutar mucosa ta baka

• Erythemas ja ne wanda zai iya tasowa akan mucous membranes na harshe a cikin yanayin Queyrat erythroplakia, rashi bitamin B12 ko kamuwa da cuta ta microorganism (musamman Candida yisti).
• Ulcerations raunuka ne na sama tare da wahalar warkarwa (cututtuka masu rauni bayan rami ko cizo, gyambon baki, da sauransu).
• Farin faci sune raunuka masu tasowa waɗanda zasu iya tasowa a matsayin wani ɓangare na leukoplakia, squamous cell carcinoma (mummunan ƙari na cavity na baka), ko lichen planus.
• Ana lura da vesicles, haɓakar ƙananan girma da ke cike da ruwa mai ƙarfi, yayin kumburin ƙwayar mucosa na baka (herpes, chickenpox, shingles, ciwon ƙafa-bakin hannu).

Kumburi na dandano buds

• Kumburi na ƙwayar lymphoid da ke cikin foliate papillae yana haifar da haɓakar papillae mara kyau.
• Cutar Kawasaki wani kumburi ne na jijiyoyin jini wanda ke bayyana kansa musamman a matsayin harshen rasberi (kumburi na ɗanɗano).
• Papillitis wani kumburi ne na fungiform papillae

Papillae atrophy

Atrophy shine raguwa a cikin tubalan ginin mucosa na baki. Yana bayyana kansa a cikin waɗannan lokuta:

• Rashin ƙarfe na iya haifar da atrophy na ɗanɗanon buds tare da santsi, mai sheki na bayan harshe.
• Lichen planus na iya haifar da bacewar papillae na harshe na dindindin
• Dry bakinka

Pathologies kai tsaye shafi rawar da dandano buds

Wasu pathologies sun rushe tsarin tsinkayen dandano wanda ya haɗa da abubuwan dandano, tsarin juyayi da kwakwalwa:

• Shanyewar fuska
• Kumburi na jijiyar fuska
• Ciwon daji a cikin kwakwalwa ko thalamus na iya haifar da asarar dandano, wanda ake kira ageusia.

Cututtuka masu alaƙa da rashin tsabtar baki

Harshen saburral da harshe mai gashi ana magance su tare da gogewa da gogewa akai-akai tare da sake tabbatar da tsaftar baki. Maganin harshe mai gashi kuma yana dogara ne akan kawar da abubuwan haɗari.

Yaren yanki

Lokacin da kumburi yana da zafi, ana iya la'akari da jiyya na miyagun ƙwayoyi ciki har da kirim na tacrolimus, corticosteroids, retinoids (na waje ko na baka) da cyclosporin.

Sauran jiyya

Lokacin da haɗin papillae ya haifar da wani nau'in ilimin cututtuka, magani shine dalilin. Misali, cututtuka tare da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ana bi da su tare da maganin rigakafi ko na gida antifungals. Papillitis yana warkewa ba tare da bata lokaci ba. 

Lafiyayyen ɗanɗano mai aiki da aiki suna tafiya da farko ta hanyar tsabtar baki:

• Safiya da yamma brushing hakori 
• Amfani da man goge baki na fluoride
• Amfani da zaren abinci
• Ziyarar shekara zuwa likitan hakori 
• Daban-daban da daidaita abinci

Bugu da kari, ana ba da shawarar tauna mara sikari bayan kowane cin abinci da kuma wankin baki mara barasa.