Contents
Flammulaster šipovatyj (Flammulaster muricatus)
- Rarraba: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
- Yankin yanki: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
- Darasi: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
- Subclass: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
- Order: Agaricles (Agaric ko Lamellar)
- Iyali: Inocybaceae (Fibrous)
- Flammulaster (Flammulaster)
- type: Flammulaster muricatus (Flammulaster šipovatyj)
:
- Flammulaster prickly
- Agaricus muricatus Fr.
- Pholiota muricata (Fr.) P. Kumm.
- Dryophila muricata (Fr.) Quel.
- Naucoria muricata (Fr.) Kuehner & Romagn.
- Phaeomarasmius muricatus (Fr.) Mawaƙi
- Flocculina muricata (Fr.) PD Orton
- Flammulaster denticulatus PD Orton
Cikakken sunan kimiyya: Flammulaster muricatus (Fr.) Watling, 1967
tarihin taxonomic:
A cikin 1818, masanin ilimin kimiyya na Sweden Elias Magnus Fries a kimiyance ya kwatanta wannan naman gwari, yana ba shi suna Agaricus muricatus. Daga baya, dan Scotland Roy Watling ya canza wannan nau'in zuwa nau'in Flammulaster a cikin 1967, bayan haka ya karbi sunan kimiyya na yanzu Flammulaster muricatus.
shugaban: 4 - 20 mm a diamita, lokaci-lokaci na iya kaiwa santimita uku. Da farko hemispherical tare da lanƙwasa baki da wani mayafi mai ji a ƙarƙashin faranti. Yayin da jikin 'ya'yan itace ya balaga, ya zama convex-sujjada tare da karamin tubercle, conical. Ja-launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa, a cikin bushewar yanayi ocher-launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa mai haske, daga baya tare da tint mai tsatsa. Tare da matte marar daidaituwa, farfajiya mai ji, an rufe shi da ma'auni mai yawa, madaidaiciya, ma'auni mai warty. Gefen ya murtuke. Launin ma'auni ɗaya ne da saman hula, ko duhu.
Ma'aunin da ke rataye daga gefen an haɗa su cikin haskoki na triangular, suna haifar da tasirin tauraron katako mai yawa.
hular gwangwani bakin ciki, m, rawaya-launin ruwan kasa.
kafa: 3-4 cm tsawo da 0,3-0,5 cm a diamita, cylindrical, m, dan kadan fadada a tushe, sau da yawa lankwasa. Yawancin kafa an rufe shi da orange-launin ruwan kasa, sikelin spiny. Kasa ya fi duhu. A cikin ɓangaren babba na kara, a mafi yawan lokuta, akwai yanki na annular, wanda samansa ya fi sauƙi, ba tare da ma'auni ba.
Pulp a cikin kafa fibrous, launin ruwan kasa.
records: adnate tare da hakori, matsakaicin mita, tare da gefen jagged mai launin rawaya mai haske, matte, tare da faranti masu yawa. Matasa namomin kaza suna da launin ocher mai haske, suna juya launin ruwan kasa tare da shekaru, wani lokacin tare da tint zaitun, daga baya tare da tabo masu tsatsa.
wari: a wasu wurare akwai warin pelargonium (ɗakin geranium). Wasu kafofin sun siffanta warin a matsayin mai wuya.
Ku ɗanɗani ba bayyananne ba, zai iya zama daci.
Mayanta:
Wuta: 5,8-7,0 × 3,4-4,3 µm; Qm = 1,6. Mai kauri mai kauri, ellipsoidal ko ɗan fari kaɗan, kuma wani lokacin ɗan lallashi a gefe ɗaya, santsi, bambaro-rawaya mai launi, tare da fa'ida mai tsiro.
Basidia: 17-32 × 7-10 µm, gajere, mai siffar kulob. Guda hudu, da wuya mai-zuwa biyu.
Cystids: 30-70 × 4-9 µm, cylindrical, madaidaiciya ko sinuous, mara launi ko tare da abun ciki mai launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa.
Pileipellis: ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu siffa mai siffar pear 35 - 50 microns, tare da launin ruwan kasa.
spore foda: m launin ruwan kasa.
Spiny Flammulaster shine naman gwari na saprotrophic. Yana girma guda ɗaya kuma a cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi akan katako mai lalacewa: beech, Birch, alder, aspen. Hakanan ana iya samun shi akan haushi, sawdust, har ma akan raunan kututturen rayayye.
Inuwa dazuzzukan dazuzzukan da aka fi so da itacen matattu sune wuraren da ya fi so.
Yin 'ya'yan itace daga Yuni zuwa Oktoba (yawanci a watan Yuli da rabi na biyu na Agusta).
Kyawawan naman kaza da ba kasafai ba.
Ana iya samun Flammulaster muricatus a yawancin sassa na tsakiya da kudancin nahiyar Turai, da kuma kudancin Biritaniya da Ireland. A Yammacin Siberiya da aka rubuta a cikin Tomsk da Novosibirsk yankuna da Khanty-Mansi Okrug mai cin gashin kansa.
Ba wuya a Arewacin Amurka. Nemo da aka ruwaito a Hocking Forest Reserve, Ohio, California, da kudancin Alaska.
Kuma akwai kuma abubuwan da aka samu a Gabashin Afirka (Kenya).
An haɗa shi a cikin Lissafin Red na macromycetes: Jamhuriyar Czech a cikin nau'in EN - nau'in haɗari da kuma Switzerland a cikin nau'in VU - masu rauni.
Ba a sani ba. Babu bayanan toxicological da aka ruwaito a cikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya.
Duk da haka, naman kaza yana da wuya kuma ƙananan don zama na kowane sha'awar dafuwa. Yana da kyau a yi la'akari da shi inedible.
Flammulaster beveled (Flammulaster limulatus)
Ana iya samun wannan ƙananan naman gwari a cikin dazuzzukan inuwa akan ruɓaɓɓen itacen katako, wanda ya sa ya yi kama da Flammulaster murictus. Suna kama da girman kuma. Har ila yau, duka biyu an rufe su da ma'auni. Koyaya, ma'aunin Flammulaster spiny sun fi girma kuma sun fi duhu. Bambanci mai mahimmanci shine kasancewar gezaye tare da gefen hular Spiky Flammulaster, yayin da Slanted Flammulaster yayi ba tare da shi ba.
Bugu da kari, Flammulaster limulatus baya jin warin geranium ko radish, wanda za'a iya la'akari da wani bambanci tsakanin wadannan namomin kaza guda biyu.
Flake gama gari (Pholiota squarrosa)
A waje, Flammulaster yana da tsauri, a lokacin ƙuruciya ana iya yin kuskure da ƙarami. Makullin kalmar anan ita ce “kananan”, kuma wannan shine bambancin. Kodayake a zahiri suna kama da juna, Pholiota squarrosa sune namomin kaza tare da manyan 'ya'yan itace, har ma da matasa. Bugu da ƙari, suna girma cikin bunches, yayin da Flammulaster naman kaza ne guda ɗaya.
Phaeomarasmius erinaceus (Phaeomarasmius erinaceus)
Wannan naman gwari shine saprotroph akan matattun kututturan, galibin willows. Lokacin da aka kwatanta Theomarasmius, ana amfani da macrofeature iri ɗaya kamar na Flammulaster prickly: hula mai launin ja-launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa wanda aka lulluɓe da ma'auni tare da gefuna mai gefuna, ƙwanƙwasa mai laushi tare da yankin annular a sama wanda yake da santsi. Saboda haka, yana da wuya a kwatanta bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin waɗannan nau'in.
Duk da haka, idan ka duba da kyau, za ka iya ganin bambanci. Da farko dai, Phaeomarasmius erinaceus shine ma karami naman gwari fiye da Flammulaster muricatus. Yawancin lokaci bai wuce santimita ba. Ma'auni a kan tushe ƙanana ne, masu jin daɗi, kuma ba masu laushi ba, kamar a cikin Flammulaster. Har ila yau, an bambanta shi da ƙwayar roba mai yawa da rashin wari da dandano.
Hoto: Sergey.