Pluteus chrysophlebius hoto da bayanin

bulala mai launin zinari (Pluteus chrysophlebius)

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Lafiyar qasa: saprophyte a kan ragowar katako ko, mafi wuya, conifers. Yana haddasa rubewar fari. Yana girma ɗaya ko cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi akan kututture, faɗɗun bishiyoyi, wani lokacin akan itacen ruɓewa yana nutsewa cikin ƙasa.

shugaban: 1-2,5 centimeters a diamita. Maɗaukaki mai faɗi a lokacin ƙuruciya, yana zama mai faɗi mai faɗi zuwa lebur tare da shekaru, wani lokacin tare da tubercle na tsakiya. Danshi, mai sheki, santsi. Samfuran samari suna kallon ɗan wrinkled, musamman a tsakiyar hular, waɗannan wrinkles suna ɗan tuno da tsarin jijiya. Tare da tsufa, wrinkles suna mikewa. Ƙaƙƙarfan hular na iya zama mai kyau ƙuƙumi. Launi na hula yana da rawaya mai haske, rawaya na zinari lokacin matashi, yana raguwa tare da shekaru, yana samun sautunan launin ruwan kasa-rawaya, amma ba ya tafi gaba ɗaya launin ruwan kasa, launin rawaya yana kasancewa koyaushe. Gefen hula ya bayyana ya fi duhu, launin ruwan kasa saboda sirara sosai, kusan nama mai shuɗi a gefen hula.

faranti: kyauta, akai-akai, tare da faranti (rudimentary faranti). A cikin matasa, don ɗan gajeren lokaci - fari, fari, lokacin da ya cika, spores suna samun launi mai launin ruwan hoda na kowane nau'i.

kafa: 2-5 centimeters tsayi. 1-3 mm kauri. Santsi, karye, santsi. White, kodadde rawaya, tare da farin auduga basal mycelium a gindi.

zobe: bace.

ɓangaren litattafan almara: bakin ciki sosai, taushi, gaggautsa, rawaya kadan.

wari: ana iya bambanta dan kadan, lokacin shafa ɓangaren litattafan almara, ya ɗan yi kama da warin bleach.

Ku ɗanɗani: ba tare da dandano mai yawa ba.

spore foda: ruwan hoda.

Jayayya: 5-7 x 4,5-6 microns, santsi, santsi.

Yana girma daga ƙarshen bazara zuwa farkon kaka. An samo shi a Turai, Asiya, Arewacin Amirka. Yana yiwuwa jijiyar zinariya ta Plyutei ta yaɗu a ko'ina cikin duniya, amma yana da wuya cewa babu takamaiman taswirar rarrabawa tukuna.

Babu bayanai kan guba. Wataƙila P. chrysophlebius yana cin abinci, kamar yadda sauran dangin Plyutei suke. Amma ƙarancinsa, ƙananan girmansa da ƙananan adadin ɓangaren litattafan almara ba su da amfani ga gwajin dafa abinci. Mun kuma tuna cewa ɓangaren litattafan almara na iya samun ɗan ɗanɗano kaɗan, amma ban sha'awa na bleach.

• Bulala mai launin zinari (Pluteus chrysophaeus) - ɗan ƙaramin girma, tare da kasancewar launin ruwan kasa.
• Zaki-rawaya bulala (Pluteus leoninus) - bulala mai launin rawaya mai haske. Ya bambanta da girma da yawa. Hul ɗin yana da laushi, akwai kuma tsari a tsakiyar hular, duk da haka, ya fi kama da raga fiye da tsarin jijiya, kuma a cikin zakin rawaya mai launin rawaya ana kiyaye tsarin a cikin samfurori na manya.
• bulala ta Fenzl (Pluteus fenzlii) bulala ce da ba kasafai ba. Hulunsa tana da haske, ita ce mafi rawaya a cikin dukan bulalan rawaya. Sauƙaƙe bambanta ta kasancewar zobe ko yankin zobe akan kara.
• Annoba mai lanƙarar ruwan lemu (Pluteus aurantiorugosus) kuma annoba ce da ba kasafai ba. An bambanta shi da kasancewar inuwar orange, musamman a tsakiyar hula. Akwai zoben rudimentary akan kara.

An sami wasu rikice-rikice na haraji tare da Pluteus mai launin zinari, kamar yadda Pluteus mai launin zinari (Pluteus chrysophaeus). Masana mycologists na Arewacin Amirka sun yi amfani da sunan P. chrysophlebius, Turai da Eurasian - P. chrysophaeus. Nazarin da aka gudanar a cikin 2010-2011 ya tabbatar da cewa P. chrysophaeus (mai launin zinari) wani nau'i ne na daban tare da duhu, launin ruwan kasa na hula.

Tare da ma'ana, yanayin kuma ba shi da tabbas. Al'adar Arewacin Amurka da ake kira "Pluteus admirabilis" ma'ana ga "Pluteus chrysophaeus". Binciken na baya-bayan nan ya tabbatar da cewa "Pluteus admirabilis", mai suna a New York a karshen karni na 1859, hakika jinsi daya ne da "Pluteus chrysophlebius", mai suna a South Carolina a cikin 18. Binciken Justo ya ba da shawarar yin watsi da sunan "chrysophaeus" gaba daya. , Kamar yadda ainihin misalin karni na XNUMX na nau'in jinsin ya nuna naman kaza tare da launin ruwan kasa, ba rawaya ba, hula. Duk da haka, Michael Kuo ya rubuta game da gano (mafi wuya) yawan jama'a na Pluteus chrysophlebius mai launin ruwan kasa da launin rawaya suna girma tare, hoto:

kuma, don haka, tambayar "chrysophaeus" ga masana kimiyyar mycologists na Arewacin Amirka har yanzu yana buɗe kuma yana buƙatar ƙarin nazari.