Dutsen Pine

Dutsen Pine (Pinus mugo) a cikin yanayi yana rayuwa a cikin tsaunukan Tsakiya da Kudancin Turai. Wannan nau'in yana da nau'ikan halitta da yawa waɗanda suka bambanta da tsayi: 

• cikakken girma - haɓakar su na shekara-shekara ya fi 30 cm a kowace shekara kuma ta hanyar shekaru 10 ya kai tsayin 3 m;
• matsakaici-sized da Semi-dwarf (semidwarj) - suna girma 15 - 30 cm a kowace shekara;
• dwarf (dwarf) - girma su shine 8 - 15 cm a kowace shekara;
• kadan (mini) - suna girma kawai 3 - 8 cm a kowace shekara;
• microscopic (micro) - girman su bai wuce 1 - 3 cm a kowace shekara ba.

Iri-iri na dutse Pine

Duk nau'ikan itatuwan pine ciyayi ne na halitta maye gurbi ta hanyar grafting. Sun bambanta da tsayi da siffar kambi. 

Abarba (Pinus mugo var. pumilio). Wannan nau'in nau'in halitta ne wanda za'a iya samuwa a cikin Alps da Carpathians. A can yana girma a cikin siffar shrub har zuwa tsayin mita 1 kuma har zuwa mita 3 a diamita. Tsawon rassansa daban-daban kuma ana karkatar da su zuwa sama. Allurar yawanci gajere ne. Furen suna canza launi daga shuɗi zuwa shuɗi a cikin shekara ta farko, amma yayin da suke girma sai su juya rawaya sannan kuma launin ruwan kasa mai duhu.

Мугус (Pinus mugo var. mughus). Wani nau'in halitta wanda ke zaune a Gabashin Alps da yankin Balkan. Wannan babban shrub ne, ya kai tsayin mita 5. Cones ɗinsa suna rawaya-launin ruwan kasa da farko, suna zama launin kirfa yayin da suke girma. 

Pug (Mops). Dwarf iri-iri, wanda bai wuce 1,5 m tsayi ba kuma diamita iri ɗaya. rassansa gajere ne, alluran ƙanana ne, har zuwa 4,5 cm tsayi. Alluran duhu kore ne. Yana girma a hankali. Harkar hunturu - har zuwa -45 ° C. 

Dwarf (Gnom). Idan aka kwatanta da wasu nau'in halitta, wannan nau'in, ba shakka, ya fi girma a tsawo, amma har yanzu yana da girma - ya kai 2,5 m da diamita na 1,5 - 2 m. A lokacin ƙuruciya, yana girma cikin faɗin, amma sai ya fara shimfiɗa a tsayi. Alluran duhu kore ne. Yana girma a hankali. Harkar hunturu - har zuwa -40 ° C.

Varella. Wannan nau'in yana da siffar kambi da ba a saba gani ba. Yana girma a hankali, yana da shekaru 10 ba ya wuce 70 cm tsayi kuma 50 cm a diamita. Pine manya ya kai tsayin 1,5 m, kuma a diamita - 1,2 m. Alluran duhu kore ne. Harkar hunturu - har zuwa -35 ° C.

Zinariya ta hunturu. Dwarf iri-iri, a cikin shekaru 10 bai wuce 50 cm ba tsayi, kuma a diamita - 1 m. Allura suna da launi mai ban mamaki: kore mai haske a lokacin rani, rawaya na zinariya a cikin hunturu. Juriya na sanyi - har zuwa -40 ° C.

Waɗannan su ne mafi mashahuri iri da nau'ikan pine pine, amma akwai wasu waɗanda ba su da ban sha'awa sosai:

• Jacobsen (Jacobsen) - tare da siffar kambi mai ban mamaki, mai tunawa da bonsai, har zuwa 40 cm tsayi kuma har zuwa 70 cm a diamita;
• Frisia (Frisia) - har zuwa 2 m tsayi kuma har zuwa 1,4 m a diamita;
• Ofir (Ofir) - maye gurbin dwarf tare da kambi mai lebur, 30-40 cm tsayi kuma har zuwa 60 cm a diamita;
• Sunshine - 90 cm tsayi da 1,4 m a diamita;
• San Sebastian 24 - ɗan ƙaramin iri-iri, a cikin shekaru 10 baya wuce 15 cm tsayi kuma 25 cm a diamita.

Dutsen Pine dasa 

Dutsen Pine - tsire-tsire mara kyau, yana jin daɗin kyawunsa na shekaru masu yawa, amma akan yanayin dasa shi da kyau.

Abu na farko da za a yi la'akari shi ne cewa wannan shuka yana son yawan haske. Saboda haka, yankin dole ne ya zama haske. 

Ana sayar da tsire-tsire na pine a cikin kwantena, don haka babu buƙatar tono babban rami a ƙarƙashinsu - a diamita ya kamata ya zama kusan 10 cm ya fi girma fiye da coma na ƙasa. Amma a cikin zurfin yana buƙatar ƙarin yin aiki don sanya magudanar ruwa a ƙasa. 

Zai yiwu a shuka pine tare da tsarin tushen rufaffiyar (ZKS) daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba.

kula da itacen pine

Dutsen Pine tsire-tsire ne mara fa'ida, kulawarsa kaɗan ce, amma har yanzu ya kamata.

Ground

Dutsen Pine ba ya buƙatar ƙasa, yana iya girma a kusan kowane yanki, ban da wuraren marshy - ba ya son ruwa mara kyau.

lighting

Yawancin iri da nau'ikan pine pine suna son cikakken hasken rana. Pumilio, Mugus da Pug pines sun shahara musamman saboda yanayin son haske - ba sa yarda da inuwa kwata-kwata. Sauran na iya jure ɗan shading. 

Ruwa

Wadannan pines suna sauƙin jure wa fari, amma a cikin watan farko bayan dasa shuki suna buƙatar ruwa mai yawa - sau ɗaya a mako, 1 lita a kowace daji.

takin mai magani

Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin rami, ba a buƙatar taki.

Ciyar

A cikin yanayi, pine pines suna girma a kan matalauta, ƙasa mai duwatsu, don haka ba sa buƙatar kayan ado na sama - su da kansu suna iya samun adadin abubuwan gina jiki masu mahimmanci ga kansu.

Haifuwa na dutsen Pine 

Ana iya yada nau'ikan dabi'a na pine pine ta hanyar tsaba. Kafin shuka, dole ne a shayar da su: saboda wannan an haxa su da yashi mai laushi kuma a ajiye su a cikin firiji na wata daya. Bayan haka, zaku iya shuka a cikin makarantar zuwa zurfin 1,5 cm.

Za'a iya yada maye gurbi iri-iri ne kawai ta hanyar grafting. Wannan nau'in ba ya yaduwa ta hanyar yankan.

Cututtukan pine

Tudun pine yana fama da cututtuka iri ɗaya kamar sauran nau'ikan pine. 

Pine spinner (harba tsatsa). Dalilin wannan cuta shine naman gwari. Ana iya gano alamun farko na kamuwa da cuta a ƙarshen kakar wasa - allurar sun juya launin ruwan kasa, amma kada ku crumble. 

Wannan yana daya daga cikin cututtuka mafi haɗari, yana iya lalata itace a cikin shekaru biyu. Kuma, ta hanyar, wannan naman gwari yana shafar ba kawai pines ba, matsakaicin runduna su ne poplars da aspens. 

Ana buƙatar maganin tsatsa da zaran an gano alamun farko. Jiyya tare da ruwa Bordeaux (1%) yana ba da sakamako mai kyau, amma ya kamata a sami 3-4 daga cikinsu: a farkon Mayu, sannan kuma sau biyu tare da bambanci na kwanaki 5.

Brown Shutte (kasa ruwan dusar ƙanƙara mold). Wannan cuta ya fi aiki a cikin hunturu - yana tasowa a ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara. Alamar ita ce suturar farin kan allura. 

Don magani, ana amfani da kwayoyi Hom ko Rakurs (1).

Cutar sankara (scleroderriosis). Wannan kamuwa da cuta yana shafar harbe, kuma ana iya ganin alamun farko a ƙarshen rassan - suna faduwa, suna samun siffar laima. A cikin bazara, allurar a kan tsire-tsire da suka shafa sun juya launin rawaya, amma nan da nan ya juya launin ruwan kasa. Rarraba yana faruwa daga sama zuwa kasa. Idan ba a kula da cutar ba, tana ci gaba kuma tana kaiwa ga mutuwar bawo (2). 

Ƙananan pine, wanda diamita mai tushe bai wuce 1 cm ba, ba su da amfani don bi da su - za su mutu duk da haka. Za a iya warkar da bishiyoyi masu girma, saboda wannan suna amfani da Fundazol.

kwari Pine kwari

Dutsen Pine yana da juriya ga kwari, amma har yanzu ana samun ɗaya.

Garkuwar Pine. Wannan baƙon da ba kasafai ba ne zuwa pine pines, ya fi son Scotch Pine, amma daga yunwar yana iya daidaitawa akan wannan nau'in. Kwarin yana ƙarami, kusan 2 mm. Yawancin lokaci yana rayuwa a ƙarƙashin allura. Alluran da suka lalace sun juya launin ruwan kasa kuma sun fadi. Wannan ƙwarin sikelin yana da ƙauna ta musamman ga bishiyoyi waɗanda basu kai shekaru 5 (3). 

Ba shi da amfani don yin yaƙi da manya - an rufe su da harsashi mai ƙarfi kuma kwayoyi ba sa ɗaukar su. Amma akwai labari mai kyau - suna rayuwa ne kawai kakar wasa. Amma suna barin zuriya da yawa. Kuma tare da shi kuke buƙatar yin yaƙi har sai tsutsa sun sami harsashi.

Ana yin jiyya a kan ƙananan kwari a cikin Yuli tare da Actellik.

Shahararrun tambayoyi da amsoshi

Mun yi magana game da dutsen pines tare da Masanin ilimin agronomist Svetlana Mikhailova.

Tushen

1. Kasidar Jiha na magungunan kashe qwari da agrochemicals da aka ba da izini don amfani a yankin Tarayyar har zuwa Yuli 6, 2021 // Ma'aikatar Noma ta Tarayya

   https://mcx.gov.ru/ministry/departments/departament-rastenievodstva-mekhanizatsii-khimizatsii-i-zashchity-rasteniy/industry-information/info-gosudarstvennaya-usluga-po-gosudarstvennoy-registratsii-pestitsidov-i-agrokhimikatov/

2. Zhukov AM, Gninenko Yu.I., Zhukov PD Cututtuka masu haɗari masu haɗari na conifers a cikin gandun daji na ƙasarmu: ed. 2, rev. da ƙari // Pushkino: VNIILM, 2013. - 128 p.
3. Grey GA Pine sikelin kwari - ucaspis pusilla Low, 1883 (Homoptera: Diaspididae) a cikin Volgograd yankin // Entomological da parasitological bincike a cikin Volga yankin, 2017

   https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/schitovka-sosnovaya-ucaspis-pusilla-low-1883-homoptera-diaspididae-v-volgogradskoy-oblasti