Pierre Marie Felix Janet (1859-1947) Masanin ilimin halin dan Adam, masanin ilimin hauka da falsafa.
Ya yi karatu a Higher Normal School da Jami'ar Paris, bayan da ya fara aiki a fannin ilimin halin dan Adam a Le Havre. Ya koma Paris a 1890 kuma Jean Martin Charcot ya nada shi shugaban dakin gwaje-gwaje na tunani a asibitin Salpêtrière. A 1902 (har zuwa 1936) ya zama farfesa a fannin ilimin halin dan Adam a College de France.
Ci gaba da aikin likita JM Charcot, ya ci gaba da tunanin tunanin neuroses, wanda, a cewar Jean, ya dogara ne akan ƙetare ayyukan haɗin gwiwa na sani, rashin daidaituwa tsakanin ayyuka masu girma da ƙananan hankali. Ba kamar psychoanalysis ba, Janet yana gani a cikin rikice-rikice na tunani ba tushen neuroses ba, amma ilimin sakandaren da ke hade da cin zarafi na ayyuka masu girma. Wurin da ba a sani ba yana iyakancewa da shi zuwa mafi sauƙi nau'i na atomatik na kwakwalwa.
A cikin 20-30s. Janet ta haɓaka ka'idar tunani ta gaba ɗaya bisa fahimtar ilimin halin ɗan adam a matsayin kimiyyar ɗabi'a. A lokaci guda, ba kamar dabi'a ba, Janet ba ya rage hali zuwa ayyukan farko, ciki har da sani a cikin tsarin ilimin halin dan Adam. Janet yana riƙe da ra'ayoyinsa game da psyche a matsayin tsarin makamashi wanda ke da matakan tashin hankali wanda ya dace da hadaddun ayyukan tunanin su. A kan wannan, Janet ta ɓullo da tsarin tsari mai sarƙaƙƙiya na nau'ikan ɗabi'a daga mafi sauƙi ayyukan reflex zuwa manyan ayyuka na hankali. Janet ta haɓaka tsarin tarihi ga tunanin ɗan adam, yana mai da hankali kan yanayin zamantakewa; abubuwan da suka samo asalinsa sune nufin, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, tunani, sanin kai. Janet ta haɗu da fitowar harshe tare da haɓaka ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da ra'ayoyi game da lokaci. Tunani yana la'akari da kwayoyin halitta ta hanyarsa a matsayin madadin aiki na ainihi, aiki a cikin nau'i na magana na ciki.
Ya kira ra'ayinsa da ilimin halin ɗabi'a, bisa ga rukunan masu zuwa:
- "aikin"
- "aikin"
- «Aiki»
- "na farko, tsakiya da mafi girma halaye"
- "Makarfin hankali"
- "Tsarin tunani"
- "matakan tunani"
- "Tattalin Arziki na Hankali"
- "Tsarin kai tsaye"
- "Ikon tunani"
A cikin waɗannan ra'ayoyin, Janet ya bayyana neurosis, psychasthenia, hysteria, reminiscences masu rauni, da dai sauransu, waɗanda aka fassara bisa ga haɗin kai na juyin halitta na ayyukan tunani a cikin phylogenesis da ontogenesis.
Aikin Janet ya hada da:
- "Yanayin tunani na marasa lafiya tare da hysteria" (L'tat mental des hystriques, 1892)
- "Hanyoyin zamani na hysteria" (Quelques definitions recentes de l'hystrie, 1907)
- "Healing Psychological" (Les mdications psychologiques, 1919)
- «Psychological Medicine» (La mdicine psychologique, 1924) da kuma sauran littattafai da kuma articles.