Neuropathy yana da alaƙa da yanayin ɗaya ko fiye na nau'ikan motsi da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki waɗanda ke sarrafa ƙafa da hannu, da kuma jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki masu sarrafa gabobi. Alamomin cutar sun dogara ne akan nau'in jijiyoyin da abin ya shafa.

Neuropathy, menene?

Ma'anar neuropathy

Neuropathy kalma ce da ake amfani da ita don bayyana matsala tare da jijiyoyi, yawanci “jijiyoyin jiki” sabanin “tsarin juyayi na tsakiya” wanda ya haɗa da kwakwalwa da kashin baya. Muna kuma magana game da neuropathy na gefe.

Neuropathy yana haifar da yanayi da yawa. Neuropathy na iya kasancewa ba tare da an gano dalilin ba. Sannan ya cancanta a matsayin "idiopathic neuropathy".

Kalmar neuropathy tana rufe babban yanki da jijiyoyi da yawa. Sakamakon bayyanar cututtuka ya dogara da nau'in jijiyoyin da abin ya shafa:

• Cutar da jijiyoyin da abin ya shafa (jijiyoyin da ke sarrafa abin jin daɗi) suna haifar da tingling, ƙonewa, zafin buguwa, “girgizar lantarki”, ƙuntatawa, zafi. itching ko rauni a kafafu da hannaye. Muna magana ne akan neuropathy na jijiya.
• Kwayoyin jijiyoyin da abin ya shafa (jijiyoyin da ke sa ku motsawa) suna haifar da rauni a ƙafafunku da hannayenku. Muna magana ne game da neuropathy na mota.
• Cutar da jijiyoyin da ke da alaƙa (jijiyoyin da ke sarrafa gabobin jiki, misali, hanji da mafitsara) suna haifar da canje -canje a cikin bugun zuciya da hawan jini ko gumi. Muna magana ne game da neuropathy mai zaman kansa.

Neuropathy yana da dalilai da yawa, wanda shine dalilin da yasa dukkan nau'ikan jijiya guda uku zasu iya shafar lokaci guda: wannan ana kiransa polyneuropathy, sabanin mononeuropathy wanda ke nuna soyayyar jijiya ɗaya.

Misalai na mononeuropathies

• La inna ulnar (ko ulnar) jijiya bayan rauni ga gwiwar hannu.
• Carpal rami ciwo, ya haifar da matsawa na jijiyar mediya.
• Ƙunƙarar jijiyoyin peroneal, wanda ke haifar da matsawar jijiya a ƙafa.
• Shanyewar jijiyar radial, jijiyar da ke ratsa tsokar gwiwar hannu, wuyan hannu da yatsun hannu.
• Bell's palsy, wanda ke shafar jijiyoyin da ke ratsa tsokar fuska.

Sanadin neuropathy

Akwai dalilai sama da ɗari na ciwon neuropathic. Kimanin 30% na cututtukan neuropathies “idiopathic” ne ko kuma ba a san dalili ba.

Yawancin cututtuka na iya haifar da neuropathy na gefe:

• ciwon, wanda shine mafi yawan abin da ke haifar da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki na yau da kullun. Muna magana ne game da ciwon sukari neuropathy. Yawan sukari na jini yana haifar da lalacewar bangon ƙananan jijiyoyin jini waɗanda ke isar da iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki ga jijiyoyin da ke ba da ƙarshen hannaye da ƙafa da manyan gabobin jiki (idanu, koda, zuciya). A sakamakon haka, fatar ta lalace kuma asarar hankali ta sa fatar ƙafafun ta zama mai rauni.
• Raunin bitamin B12 ko folic acid na iya haifar da lalacewar jijiya da neuropathy na gefe.
• Magunguna - kamar wasu magunguna da ake amfani da su a jiyyar cutar sankara ko don maganin HIV na iya haifar da lalacewar jijiyoyin jiki.
• Wasu magungunan kashe ƙwari da sauran kaushi.
• Lymphoma da myeloma da yawa.
• Shaye -shayen giya.
• Ciwon koda na kullum - idan kodan baya aiki yadda yakamata, rashin daidaiton gishiri na iya haifar da neuropathy na gefe.
• Ciwon hanta na kullum.
• Raunin da ya faru, kamar karyewar kashi wanda zai iya matsa lamba ga jijiya.
• Wasu cututtukan kamar shingles, kamuwa da HIV da cutar Lyme.
• Le Guillain-Barré ciwo shine sunan da aka ba wani takamaiman nau'in neuropathy na gefe wanda cutar ta haifar.
• Cututtukan nama na haɗin gwiwa: amosanin gabbai, ciwon Sjögren da tsarin lupus erythematosus.
• Wasu yanayin kumburi ciki har da sarcoidose da cutar celiac.
• Cututtukan gado kamar cutar Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome da ataxia Friedreich.

Binciken neuropathy

Likita ya tambayi mara lafiya game da:

• alamunta.
• Lafiyayyen lafiyar sa.
• Tarihin danginsa na neuropathy.
• Magungunan sa da aka sha yanzu ko kwanan nan.
• Mai yiwuwa fallasa shi da guba.
• Mai yiwuwa yawan shan barasa.
• Halinsa na jima'i.

Likitan zai:

• a hankali bincika fatar mara lafiya.
• Duba jin daɗin girgizawa ta amfani da cokali mai kunnawa.
• Yi nazarin jujjuyawar tendon.

Yin gwajin jini

Suna iya haskaka kasancewar ciwon sukari, raunin thyroid ko raunin bitamin.

Nazarin tafiyar da jijiyoyi

Nazarin gudanar da jijiya yana duba yadda sauri jijiyoyi ke aika saƙonsu zuwa tsokoki. Ana sanya wayoyin lantarki na musamman akan fata a matakin jijiya da aka gwada kuma suna fitar da ƙananan motsin lantarki waɗanda ke motsa jijiya. Sauran wayoyin lantarki suna yin rikodin aikin lantarki na jijiya. Rage saurin motsawar jijiya yana nuna kasancewar neuropathy na gefe.

Electromyography

Ana amfani da electromyography don tantance raunin tsoka da neuropathy ya haifar. Wannan gwajin yana nazarin aikin lantarki na tsokoki. An saka allura mai kyau sosai da aka haɗa da lantarki a cikin tsoka. An haɗa wannan da injin rikodi da ake kira oscilloscope. Ayyukan wutar lantarki mara kyau yana nuna kasancewar neuropathy na gefe.

Biopsy na jijiya

An cire wani ɗan ƙaramin sashin jijiya don a bincika ta ƙarƙashin na'urar microscope.

Biopsy na fata

Dabara ce don bincika jijiyoyin jiki. Ana iya amfani da shi don bincika farkon neuropathy na gefe da saka idanu ci gaban neuropathy da amsa magani. Daga cikin wadansu abubuwa, ana auna yawan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki a yankin fata. A cikin neuropathy na gefe, an rage yawan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki.

Alamomin neuropathy

Neuropathy na tsarin jijiya

• Tingling da numbness a hannu da ƙafa (neuropathy mai ciwon sukari)
• Rashin hankali.
• Ƙara zafi ko rashin iya jin zafi.
• Rashin ikon gano canje -canje a cikin zafi da sanyi.
• Rasa daidaituwa da haɓakawa.
• Jin zafi irin na ƙonawa, wanda ƙarfin sa na iya ƙaruwa da dare.
• Canje -canje ga fata, gashi ko kusoshi.
• Ciwon ƙafar ƙafa da ƙafa, kamuwa da cuta, har da gangrene.

Neuropathy na tsarin motar

• Raunin tsoka - yana haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali da wahalar yin ƙananan motsi kamar latsa rigar (musamman a cikin ciwon neuropathy mai ciwon sukari).
• Girgizar tsoka da cramps.
• Ciwon tsoka.

Neuropathy na tsarin sarrafa kansa

• Dizziness da suma (saboda sauye -sauyen canjin hawan jini).
• Rage gumi.
• Rashin iya jure zafi.
• Rashin iko akan aikin mafitsara wanda ke haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali ko riƙe fitsari.
• Kumburi, maƙarƙashiya ko zawo (musamman a cikin ciwon sukari neuropathy).
• Wahalar cimmawa ko riƙe tsintsiya (musamman a cikin ciwon sukari neuropathy).

Yadda za a hana neuropathy?

Rigakafin neuropathy a cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari ya samo asali ne musamman kan tsabtace abinci mai kyau da sa ido sosai glucose. Nazarin ya nuna cewa sarrafa glyceric ta allura yana rage haɗarin haɓaka neuropathy na ciwon sukari.