Serum protein electrophoresis wani gwaji ne da aka yi daga gwajin jini wanda ke ba da damar ganowa da lura da cututtuka da yawa kamar su monoclonal immunoglobulin, hypergammaglobulinemia da mafi wuya hypogammaglobulinemia.

Serum protein electrophoresis (EPS) gwajin ilimin halitta ne na likita. Manufarsa ita ce rabuwa da sunadaran da ke cikin sashin ruwa na jini (magungunan jini). “Wadannan sunadaran musamman suna taka rawa wajen jigilar kwayoyin halitta da yawa (hormones, lipids, kwayoyi, da dai sauransu), kuma suna da hannu a cikin coagulation, rigakafi da kiyaye hawan jini. Wannan rabuwar za ta ba da damar ganowa da ƙididdige su, ”in ji Dokta Sophie Lyon, masanin ilimin halitta.

Binciken furotin

Bayan gwajin jini, ana nazarin sunadarai ta hanyar ƙaura a cikin filin lantarki. "Sai su rabu bisa ga cajin wutar lantarki da nauyin kwayoyin su, wanda ke ba da damar gano su da kuma gano abubuwan da ba su da kyau." EPS za ta ba da damar rabuwa da ɓangarori na furotin guda shida, a cikin raguwar tsari na gudun hijira: albumin (wanda shine babban furotin na jini, a gaban kusan 60%), alpha 1-globulins, alpha 2-globulins, Beta 1 globulin, Beta 2 globulin da gammaglobulin. "Electrophoresis yana ba da damar gano wasu cututtukan cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da rashin aiki na hanta ko koda, zuwa canjin kariya na rigakafi, ga alamun kumburi ko wasu cututtukan daji".

Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS) ya kayyade sharuɗɗan rubuta EPS a cikin Janairu 2017. Babban dalilin da yasa ake yin EPS shine neman immunoglobulin monoclonal (monoclonal gammopathy, ko dysglobulinemia). Wannan zai yi ƙaura mafi yawan lokaci a yankin gamma globulins kuma wani lokacin a cikin yankin beta-globulins ko ma alpha2-globulins.

Yaushe za a gudanar da PSE?

Dole ne ku yi EPS lokacin da kuke gaban:

• Babban matakin sunadaran kewayawa;
• Ƙirar da ba a bayyana ba a cikin ƙwayar cuta (VS);
• Maimaita cututtuka, musamman na kwayan cuta (bincika rashi na rigakafi da ke da alhakin hypogammaglobulinemia);
• Bayyanar cututtuka na asibiti ko nazarin halittu (hypercalcemia, alal misali) yana nuna abin da ya faru na myeloma ko cutar jini;
• Zaton ciwon kumburi;
• Yiwuwar cirrhosis;
• Duk wani bincike na osteoporosis.

Dangane da furotin, ƙimar tunani yakamata ya kasance tsakanin:

• Albumin: 55 da 65% ko 36 da 50 g / L.
• Alpha1 - globulins: 1 da 4% watau 1 da 5 g / L
• .Alpha 2 - globulins: 6 da 10% ko 4 da 8 g / l
• .Beta – globulins: 8 da 14% ko 5 da 12 g / L.
• Gamma - globulins: 12 da 20% ko 8 da 16 g / L.
  

Electrophoresis zai gano ƙungiyoyin sunadaran da suka karu ko raguwa a cikin jini. "Kowane sunadaran jini zai samar da nau'i daban-daban na fadi da tsayi daban-daban dangane da yawansu. Kowane sifa "profile" na iya fassara ta likita. Yana iya, idan ya cancanta, ya rubuta ƙarin gwaje-gwaje.

Abubuwan da aka gano ta EPS

Daga cikin abubuwan da ba a sani ba:

• Rage matakin albumin (hypoalbuminemia), wanda zai iya haifar da rashin abinci mai gina jiki, gazawar hanta, kamuwa da cuta na yau da kullun, myeloma ko ma yawan ruwa (hemodilution).
• Hyper-alpha2-globulinemia da raguwar albumin suna daidai da yanayin kumburi. Haɗin ɓarna na beta da gamma yana nuna cirrhosis.
• Ana lura da raguwar gamma globulin (hypogammaglobulinemia) idan akwai rashin aiki na tsarin rigakafi. A gefe guda, ƙimar yana ƙaruwa (hypergammaglobulinemia) a cikin yanayin myeloma, gammopathies monoclonal da cututtukan autoimmune (lupus, rheumatoid arthritis).
• Haɓakawa a cikin beta globulins na iya nufin kasancewar ƙarancin ƙarfe, hypothyroidism ko toshewar biliary.

Bisa ga HAS, ana ba da shawarar aika mara lafiya don ƙarin shawara:

• Idan bayyanar asibiti na mai haƙuri ya nuna rashin lafiyar hematologic (ciwon kashi, lalacewar yanayin gaba ɗaya, lymphadenopathy, ciwon daji);
• a cikin yanayin rashin daidaituwa na ilimin halitta (anemia, hypercalcemia, gazawar koda) ko hoto (cututtukan kasusuwa) yana nuna lalacewar gabobin;
• idan babu irin waɗannan alamun, majiyyacin wanda aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin gwajin layin farko ba shi da kyau, ko kuma wanda maganin rigakafi na monoclonal immunoglobulin shine IgG? 15g / L, IgA ko IgM? 10 g / l;
• idan majiyyaci bai kai shekara 60 ba.

Maganin anomaly na electrophoresis shine na ilimin cututtuka wanda ya bayyana.

“Alal misali, idan an sami hyperprotidemia gabaɗaya saboda rashin ruwa, magani zai zama rehydration. Idan akwai karuwa a cikin alpha globulin saboda ciwon kumburi, magani zai zama dalilin kumburi. A duk lokuta, likita ne wanda, ta yin amfani da wannan jarrabawa da sauran ƙarin gwaje-gwaje (gwajin jini, gwajin rediyo, da dai sauransu), zai yi ganewar asali yayin shawarwarin kuma zai rubuta maganin da ya dace da ilimin cututtuka. samu".