Kashi 12% na mace-macen suna faruwa ne sakamakon cututtukan numfashi, kuma babban dalilin rashin zuwan matasa a yau shi ne kamuwa da cututtukan numfashi. Don haka ENT da kulawar huhu suna da matukar damuwa al'amurran kiwon lafiya. Maganin wasu yanayi na numfashi ya haɗa da amfani da nebulizer. Wannan na'urar likita ta kwanan nan ta ba da damar rarraba magunguna a cikin nau'in aerosol kai tsaye cikin tsarin numfashi.

Nebulizer, ko nebulizer, yana ba da damar canza maganin ruwa zuwa iska mai iska, wato zuwa ɗigon ruwa masu kyau waɗanda za su yi sauri da sauƙi ta hanyar numfashi kuma ba tare da wani sa hannun mara lafiya ya zama dole ba. Nebulized aerosol far yana da matukar tasiri, mara zafi, hanyar magani na gida tare da ƙananan sakamako masu illa idan aka kwatanta da tsarin kulawa.

Abun da ke ciki

Dangane da yadda ake samar da aerosol, akwai nau'ikan nebulizer guda uku:

• nebulizers na pneumatic, wanda ke samar da aerosol godiya ga iskar da aka aika a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba (iska ko oxygen);
• ultrasonic nebulizers, wanda ke amfani da duban dan tayi don lalata crystal wanda zai watsar da girgiza zuwa ruwa don nebulized;
• membrane nebulizers, wanda ke amfani da sieve mai raɗaɗi tare da dubban ramuka ƴan microns a diamita wanda ta cikin abin da za a iya nebulized ta hanyar aikin wutar lantarki.

Nebulizer na pneumatic

Ita ce mafi tsufa kuma mafi yawan amfani da samfurin nebulizer, duka a asibitoci da kuma a gida. Ya ƙunshi sassa uku:

• compressor wanda ke aika iska ko iskar oxygen a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba;
• nebulizer, wanda aka haɗa da kwampreso ta hanyar tubing, wanda aka shigar da ruwan magani don nebulized. Nebulizer da kansa ya ƙunshi tanki mai karɓar ruwa (2ml zuwa 8ml), bututun ƙarfe wanda iskar gas ɗin da aka matsa ya wuce, na'urar da za a tsotse ruwan ta hanyar tasirin venturi, da kuma mai ɓoye wanda ɗigon ruwa ya fashe cikin lafiya, barbashi mai numfashi;
• wani majinyaci da aka haɗe zuwa nebulizer wanda zai iya zama abin rufe fuska, bakin baki ko hanci.

Kalmar nebulization ta fito daga Latin nebula (hazo) don nufin cewa maganin da ke cikin maganin ana gudanar da shi ta hanyar hazo, wanda ake kira aerosol. Digon da ke cikin dakatarwa a cikin wannan hazo suna da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan hazo ne da girman su gwargwadon nau'ikan cututtukan da za'a bi da su.

Daban-daban masu girma dabam

Za a zaɓi girman ɓangarorin bisa ga wurin numfashin da za a kai

Barbashi abun da ke ciki

Babban magungunan da aerosol ke bayarwa sun dace da kowane nau'in cututtukan cututtukan fata:

• bronchodilators (ß2 mimics, anticholinergics), waɗanda ke aiki ta hanyar haifar da kumburi da sauri, ana amfani da su don maganin cutar asma mai tsanani ko tashin hankali na cututtuka na huhu (COPD);
• corticosteroids (budesonide, beclomethasone) su ne maganin kumburi da ke hade da bronchodilator don maganin fuka;
• mucolytics da viscolytics taimaka bakin ciki gamsai da ke tarawa a cikin bronchi a cikin cystic fibrosis;
• ana ba da maganin rigakafi (tobramycin, colistin) a gida don kulawa da kulawa a lokuta na cystic fibrosis;
• laryngitis, mashako, sinusitis, otitis kafofin watsa labarai kuma za a iya bi da nebulization.

Damuwar jama'a ko cikin haɗari

Kwayoyin cututtukan da ake bi da su ta hanyar nebulization cututtuka ne na yau da kullum waɗanda ke buƙatar jiyya mara kyau na gida kuma ba su da tasiri sosai.

Nebulization aerosol farfasa ba ya bukatar wani ƙoƙari ko motsi a kan mai haƙuri, don haka wannan far ya dace musamman ga jarirai, yara ƙanana, tsofaffi da kuma mutanen da rage motsi.

Ana amfani da Nebulization akai-akai a asibiti, likitan yara, na huhu, gaggawa ko sassan kulawa. Hakanan ana iya yin shi a gida.

Yin amfani da nebulizer a gida yana buƙatar kafin "horo" don nebulization ya zama tasiri na gaske. Wannan aikin alhakin ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya ne (likitoci, ma'aikatan jinya, masu aikin jinya, da sauransu) ko masu harhada magunguna.

Yaushe za a yi amfani da shi?

Nebulization a gida ya kamata a yi kawai a ƙarƙashin takardar sayan magani. Dole ne odar ta fayyace maki da yawa :

• da miyagun ƙwayoyi da za a nebulized, da marufi (misali: guda kashi na 2 ml), mai yiwuwa dilution ko cakuda tare da wasu kwayoyi;
• adadin lokutan da za a yi kowace rana da kuma lokacin da ya kamata a yi su idan an tsara wasu nau'ikan kulawa (misali, kafin zaman lafiyar jiki);
• tsawon kowane zaman (5 zuwa 10 matsakaicin matsakaici);
• jimlar tsawon lokacin jiyya;
• samfurin nebulizer da kwampreso da za a yi amfani da su;
• nau'in abin rufe fuska ko bakin baki shawarar.

Matakan aiki

• Dole ne a gudanar da zaman daga abinci don guje wa amai;
• hanci da makogwaro dole ne su kasance a fili (amfani da na'urar hancin jariri ga jarirai);
• dole ne ku zauna tare da baya madaidaiciya, ko a cikin wani wuri na zama na jarirai;
• dole ne ku kasance da nutsuwa sosai;
• ana riƙe nebulizer a tsaye kuma bakin, ko abin rufe fuska, ana kiyaye shi da kyau ta hanyar matsi mai haske;
• dole ne ka shaka ta bakinka sannan ka shaka cikin nutsuwa;
• "gurgling" a cikin nebulizer yana nuna cewa tanki ba shi da komai, don haka zaman ya ƙare.

Kariya

Kafin zaman:

• wanke hannuwanku da kyau;
• bude nebulizer da zuba magani a ciki;
• haɗa baki ko abin rufe fuska;
• haɗi zuwa compressor ta hanyar tubing;
• toshe kuma kunna kwampreso.

Bayan zaman:

Sai dai a cikin yanayin nebulizer mai amfani guda ɗaya, kayan aikin dole ne a tsaftace su kuma a shafe su da kulawa:

• a ƙarshen kowane zaman, dole ne a tarwatsa nebulizer, a zubar da sauran shirye-shiryen, kuma dole ne a wanke dukkan abubuwan da aka gyara a cikin ruwan zafi mai zafi;
• kowace rana, abubuwan ya kamata a lalata su na mintina 15 a cikin ruwan zãfi;
• Dole ne a bar kayan ya bushe a sararin sama sannan a adana shi daga ƙura.

Dole ne a daidaita zaɓin nebulizer zuwa kowane hali da kowane nau'in magani. Dole ne ya cika wasu sharudda.

Matsakaicin zaɓi na nebulizer

• Nau'in miyagun ƙwayoyi da za a nebulized: wasu shirye-shirye ba su dace da kowane nau'in nebulizer (misali corticosteroids sun fi yaduwa ta ultrasonic nebulizers);
• bayanin martaba na haƙuri: ga jarirai, tsofaffi ko nakasassu, ya kamata a zabi abin rufe fuska a matsayin mai haɗin gwiwa;
• 'yancin kai na aiki da sufuri;
• darajar kuɗi (tsarin haya yana wanzu a masu rarraba kayan aikin likita);
• Dole ne nebulizer ya cika ka'idodin daidaitaccen NF EN 13544-1 kuma dole ne a ba da shi tare da umarnin da ke ba da cikakken bayani game da aikinsa, aikin sa da ayyukan kulawa da suka dace.