Rashin ƙarfe anemia, sakamakon ƙarancin ƙarfe

Anemia yana da alaƙa da raguwar adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini a cikin jini ko cikin abun ciki na haemoglobin. Babban bayyanar cututtuka, idan akwai, gajiya, kodadde launin fata da ƙarin ƙarancin numfashi a kan motsa jiki.

Rashin ƙarfe anemia yana faruwa ne saboda baƙin ƙarfe. Iron yana ɗaure da “heme” pigment na haemoglobin wanda ke isar da iskar oxygen zuwa ƙwayoyin jiki. Oxygen yana da mahimmanci ga sel don samar da makamashi da yin ayyukansu.

Karancin ƙarfe anemia yawanci yakan haifar da shi asarar jini m ko na kullum ko ta a rashin ƙarfe a cikin abinci. Tabbas, jiki ba zai iya hada ƙarfe ba don haka dole ne ya zana shi daga abinci. Da wuya, yana iya zama saboda matsaloli tare da amfani da ƙarfe a cikin kera haemoglobin.

Alamomin rashin ƙarfe anemia

Mafi yawan mutane da karancin karancin baƙin ƙarfe kadan kar a lura da shi. Alamun sun dogara ne akan saurin anemia ya tashi. Lokacin da anemia ya bayyana a hankali, alamun ba su da yawa.

• Rashin gajiya
• Pale fata
• Saurin bugun jini
• Ƙunƙarar numfashi ta fi fitowa fili akan aiki
• Hannuwan sanyi da ƙafa
• ciwon kai
• Dizziness
• Rage aikin hankali

Mutanen da ke cikin haɗari

• Mata masu shekarun haihuwa da suke da haila yana da yawa, saboda akwai asarar ƙarfe a cikin jinin haila.
• The mata masu ciki da kuma wadanda ke da juna biyu da yawa kuma a kusa da juna.
• The matasa.
• The yara da, musamman daga watanni 6 zuwa shekaru 4.
• Mutanen da ke da cutar da ke haifar da malabsorption na ƙarfe: cutar Crohn ko cutar celiac, alal misali.
• Mutanen da ke da matsalar lafiya da ke haifar da asarar jini na yau da kullun a cikin stool (ba a iya gani da ido): ciwon peptic ulcer, benign colon polyps ko cancer colorectal, misali.
• The masu cin ganyayyaki, musamman idan ba su cinye kowane samfurin dabba (abincin vegan).
• The jariran wadanda ba a shayar da su ba.
• Mutanen da suke cinye wasu akai-akai magunguna, irin su proton pump inhibitor-type antacids don ƙwannafi. Yawan acidity na ciki yana canza ƙarfe a cikin abinci zuwa wani nau'i wanda hanji zai iya sha. Aspirin da magungunan anti-kumburi marasa amfani na iya haifar da zubar jini na ciki a cikin dogon lokaci.
• Mutane masu wahalana gazawar, musamman masu fama da dialysis.

Tsarin jima'i

Rashin ƙarfe anemia shine nau'in anemia Mafi yawan. Fiye da kashi 30% na al'ummar duniya na fama da matsalar karancin jini, a cewar hukumar lafiya ta duniya¹. An yi imanin cewa rabin wadannan lamuran na faruwa ne sakamakon karancin karfe, musamman a kasashe masu tasowa.

A Arewacin Amurka da Turai, an kiyasta cewa kashi 4 zuwa 8% na matan da suka kai shekarun haihuwa suna da kasawa a iron³. Ƙididdiga na iya bambanta saboda ƙa'idodin da ake amfani da su don ayyana ƙarancin ƙarfe ba iri ɗaya ba ne a ko'ina. A cikin maza da matan da suka shude, ƙarancin ƙarfe yana da wuya.

A Amurka da Kanada, wasu ingantaccen kayan abinci, kamar garin alkama, hatsin karin kumallo, shinkafa da aka riga aka dafa, da taliya, sun kasance. ƙarfe mai ƙarfi domin hana kasawa.

bincike

Tunda alamunkarancin karancin baƙin ƙarfe na iya zama saboda wata matsalar lafiya, dole ne a yi nazarin dakin gwaje-gwaje na samfurin jini kafin a iya gano cutar. Cikakkun adadin jini (cikakkiyar adadin jini) yawanci likita ne ya rubuta shi.

Duk wannan 3 matakan zai iya gane anemia. Idan akwai karancin ƙarfe anemia, sakamakon da ke biyo baya yana ƙasa da ƙimar al'ada.

• Matsayin haemoglobin : yawan haemoglobin a cikin jini, wanda aka bayyana a cikin grams na haemoglobin a kowace lita na jini (g / l) ko 100 ml na jini (g / 100 ml ko g / dl).
• Matsayin hematocrit : rabon, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin kashi, na ƙarar da jajayen sel na jinin samfurin jini (wanda ya wuce ta centrifuge) zuwa ƙarar duka jinin da ke cikin wannan samfurin.
• Yawan jan jinin : adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini a cikin adadin jini da aka bayar, yawanci ana bayyana su a cikin miliyoyin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini a kowace microlita na jini.

Dabi'u na al'ada

ra'ayi. Wadannan dabi'un sun dace da al'ada na 95% na mutane. Wannan yana nufin cewa 5% na mutane suna da dabi'u "marasa daidaituwa" yayin da suke cikin koshin lafiya. Bugu da ƙari, sakamakon da ke cikin ƙananan iyaka na al'ada na iya nuna farkon anemia idan sun kasance mafi girma.

Sauran gwaje-gwajen jini sun sa ya yiwu tabbatar da ganewar asali Rashin ƙarfe anemia:

• Adadin na transferrin : transferrin furotin ne mai iya gyara ƙarfe. Yana kai shi zuwa kyallen takarda da gabobin jiki. Abubuwa daban-daban na iya shafar matakin transferrin. Idan akwai ƙarancin ƙarfe, matakin transferrin yana ƙaruwa.
• Adadin na ƙarfe baƙin ƙarfe : wannan ma'auni ya sa ya yiwu a duba ko karuwa a matakin transferrin da gaske ne ya haifar da ƙarancin ƙarfe. Yana gano daidai adadin ƙarfe da ke yawo a cikin jini.
• Adadin na feritine : yana ba da kiyasin ajiyar ƙarfe. Ferritin wani furotin ne da ake amfani da shi don adana baƙin ƙarfe a cikin hanta, saifa da marrow na kashi. Idan akwai ƙarancin ƙarfe, ƙimarsa yana raguwa.
• Nazarin a zubar jini ta likitan jini, don lura da girma da kamannin jajayen kwayoyin halitta. A cikin karancin ƙarfe anemia, waɗannan ƙanana ne, kodadde kuma suna da canji sosai.

ra'ayi. al'ada matakin haemoglobin mai yiwuwa ya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum da kabila zuwa kabila. Babban abin dogaro zai kasance na mutum ɗaya, in ji Marc Zaffran, likita. Don haka, idan a lokaci guda muka sami babban bambanci tsakanin jarrabawa 2 da aka gudanar a lokuta daban-daban et gaban bayyanar cututtuka (pallor, shortness na numfashi, saurin bugun zuciya, gajiya, zubar jini na narkewa, da sauransu), wannan yakamata ya sami kulawar likita. A gefe guda kuma, mutumin da ya bayyana yana da matsakaicin anemia bisa ma'aunin haemoglobin na jini amma wanda ba shi da alamun cutar ba lallai ba ne ya buƙaci shan ƙarfe, musamman idan sakamakon jinin ya tsaya tsayin daka na makonni da yawa, in ji Marc Zaffran.

Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa

M anemia ba shi da wani babban illa ga lafiya. Idan babu wasu matsalolin kiwon lafiya, alamun jiki a hutawa ana jin su ne kawai don ƙimar haemoglobin da ke ƙasa da 80 g / l (idan anemia ya tashi a hankali).

Duk da haka, idan ba a kula da shi ba, daɗaɗɗen ta na iya haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani:

• na matsalolin zuciya : ana buƙatar ƙarin ƙoƙari na tsokar zuciya, wanda yawan ƙwayar cuta ya karu; mutumin da ke fama da cututtukan jijiyoyin jini yana cikin haɗarin angina pectoris.
• domin mata masu ciki : ƙara haɗarin haihuwa da rashin nauyi ga jarirai.