Wani hormone mai mahimmanci don kyakkyawan ci gaban shayarwa, prolactin yana ɓoye a cikin manyan allurai a ƙarshen ciki da kuma a cikin makonni bayan haihuwa. Bayan wannan lokacin haihuwa, duk da haka, yawan matakan prolactin na iya shafar haihuwa. Bayani.

Prolactin shine hormone hypohyseal. Matsayinsa: don shirya nono don samar da madarar nono da inganta haɓakar glandar mammary daga balaga a cikin mata. A cikin duka jima'i, yana da ra'ayi akan sel hypothalamic waɗanda ke ɓoye GnRH (hormone wanda ke haɓaka samar da hormones na jima'i.)

Sirri a lokacin ciki da waje ciki, ko'ina cikin yini, ya bambanta a ƙarƙashin tasirin abubuwa da yawa:

• rage cin abinci mai arziki a cikin furotin ko sukari,
• barci, - damuwa (na jiki ko na tunani),
• yiwuwar maganin sa barci,
• shan wasu magunguna.

Hakanan samar da prolactin yana canzawa a lokacin hawan haila. Ta haka ya kai matakinsa mafi girma a tsakiyar sake zagayowar, a layi daya tare da kololuwar hormones na LH da estradiol. Hakanan ya kasance yana haɓaka yayin lokacin luteal.

Prolactin da ciki, sannan prolactin da shayarwa suna da alaƙa da juna. Idan matakin al'ada na prolactin bai wuce 25 ng / ml ba, zai iya tashi zuwa 150-200 ng / ml a ƙarshen ciki da kololuwar bayan haihuwa. Hakika, bayan haihuwa musamman bayan haihuwa, matakan progesterone amma musamman estrogen sun ragu sosai, don haka yana sakin prolactin. Ruwan madara zai iya faruwa.

Bayan haka, yawan yawan nono, yawancin prolactin da oxytocin (mahimmancin hormone na shayarwa) suna ɓoyewa, yawancin nono yana samuwa akai-akai. Kimanin kwanaki 15 bayan haihuwa, matakin prolactin ya fara raguwa kuma ya dawo daidai matakinsa kamar makonni 6 bayan haihuwa.

Baya ga ciki, babban matakin prolactin na iya zama alamar cututtukan cututtukan da ke da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan haihuwa: hyperprolactinemia. A asalin wannan sabon abu: wuce haddi prolactin canza mugunya na GnRH, da hormone sakewa pituitary gonatrophins, da kanta alhakin samar da hormones LH (luteinizing hormone) da kuma FSH (follicle stimulating hormone). Duk da haka, waɗannan hormones guda ɗaya suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ovulation. Wannan shine yadda muke sauƙin gane babban alamar hyperprolactinemia a cikin mata: amenorrhea.

Sauran alamominsa:

• oligomenorrhea (sau da yawa kuma maras lokaci),
• wani ɗan gajeren lokaci na luteal,
• galactorrhea (madara rush),
• rashin haihuwa.

Hyperprolactinemia: ilimin halayyar namiji kuma

 Abin mamaki shine, ana iya gano girman matakin prolactin a cikin mutane. Ƙarin rikitarwa don ganowa, alamunsa suna haɗuwa da girman ƙwayar da ke ciki (ciwon kai, da dai sauransu). Hyperprolactemia kuma yana iya kasancewa tare da wasu alamu kamar:

• asarar sha'awa,
• rashin karfin mazakuta,
• gynecomastia (ci gaban glandan mammary);
• galactorrhee,
• rashin haihuwa.

Yadda za a bayyana hyperprolactinemia? A mafi yawan lokuta, abubuwan da ke haifar da iatrogenic, watau tasirin maganin da aka rigaya, suna da alhakin haɓakar haɓakar prolactin. Manyan magungunan da ke tattare da su sune:

• neuroleptics,
• tricyclic antidepressants,
• Domperidone da metoclopramide;
• babban adadin estrogen (kwayar hana haihuwa ba ta haifar da hyperprolactinemia),
• wasu antihistamines
• wasu antihypertensives,
• opioids.

Abu na biyu mafi na kowa a cikin hyperprolactinemia: microadenomas, ciwace-ciwacen ciwace-ciwacen da girmansu bai wuce 10 mm ba, an kafa su a cikin glandar pituitary. Rarer, macroadenomas (mafi girma fiye da 10 mm a girman) suna tare ba kawai ta haɓaka matakan prolactin ba, har ma da ciwon kai da alamun ophthalmologic (ƙananan filin hangen nesa).

Za a iya neman sauran tushen hyperprolactinemia a cikin rashin aikin hypothalamic-pituitary ciki har da ciwon daji na hypothalamic (craniopharyngioma, glioma) ko cututtukan infiltrative (sarcoidosis, X-hystocytosis, da dai sauransu).

 A ƙarshe, wasu pathologies na iya haɗawa da haɓakar haɓakar matakin prolactin, kamar:

• Micropolycystic ovary ciwo (PCOS),
• hypothyroidism,
• na kullum gazawar koda,
• Cushing ta ciwo,
• sauran ciwace-ciwace ko raunuka na hypothalamus.