A cikin 2015, an kiyasta adadin sabbin cututtukan daji na shekara-shekara da ke da alaƙa da ƙwayoyin cuta na papilloma a Faransa fiye da 6. Amma akwai hanyoyi masu sauƙi don kare kanku daga wannan kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar jima'i: allurar rigakafi da tantancewa.

Kwayar cutar papilloma ta ɗan adam, kuma ana kiranta HPV, ƙwayar cuta ce da ake ɗaukar ta ta hanyar jima'i, ko STI, wacce ke haifar da warts na al'aura, mai tsanani daban-daban. An fi saninsa da haifar da ciwon daji kamar na mahaifa misali, wanda ke kashe mata kusan 1000 a kowace shekara. Akwai kusan nau'ikan papillomavirus guda 150. Ga Delphine Chadoutaud, masanin harhada magunguna, wannan kwayar cutar na iya haifar da "ciwon daji a cikin dubura ko baki biyo bayan ayyukan jima'i da ke shafar wadannan wuraren", amma har da ciwon daji na azzakari, farji, farji ko makogwaro. .

Waɗannan cututtukan daji suna ɗaukar shekaru ko ma shekaru da yawa don haɓakawa ba tare da asymptomatically ba. A cewar shafin yanar gizon papillomavirus.fr, “Tarihi na dabi'ar kansar mahaifa yana farawa ne da kamuwa da cuta da cutar papillomavirus ɗan adam mai haɗari. A cikin kusan kashi 10% na lokuta, ba a kawar da kwayar cutar kwatsam daga jiki. Ciwon ya zama mai tsayi kuma zai iya haifar da yaduwar kwayar halitta mara kyau da lalacewar kwayoyin halitta. Sannan akwai haɗarin ci gaba da ba za a yi la'akari da shi ba na ci gaba zuwa rauni mai saurin kamuwa da cuta sannan, a wasu lokuta, zuwa cutar kansa. ”

"Alurar rigakafin cutar papillomavirus na mutum (HPV) ya sa ya yiwu a hana cututtuka ta hanyar cututtuka na papillomavirus mafi yawan lokuta, alhakin, a cikin mata, don 70 zuwa 90% na ciwon daji na cervix" ya bayyana shafin yanar gizon inshora na kiwon lafiya. Duk da haka, maganin kawai ba ya karewa daga duk cututtukan daji ko kuma duk wasu raunukan da suka rigaya suka rigaya. Don iyakance haɗarin ciwon sankara na mahaifa, dole ne a duba mata akai-akai ta hanyar yin lalata da mahaifa, tun daga shekaru 25. A cikin wani binciken da aka buga a watan Oktoba 2020 ta New England Journal of medicine, masu bincike sun bi kusan mata miliyan 1 masu shekaru 10. zuwa 30 fiye da shekaru 10. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa a cikin matan da aka yi wa allurar, adadin cutar kansar mahaifa ya kai 47 a cikin mutane 100 yayin da kashi 000 cikin 94 na mata da ba a yi musu allurar ba. Har ila yau, ya bayyana cewa matan da aka yi wa allurar rigakafin cutar papilloma suna da 100% ƙananan haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansar mahaifa fiye da matan da ba a yi musu ba.

"Lokacin alurar riga kafi, ana allurar antigen wanda zai ba da damar kera ƙwayoyin rigakafi a cikin jiki" in ji mai harhada magunguna. Kamar yadda shafin papillomavirus.fr ya bayyana, “Wadannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi suna nan musamman a cikin farji, a saman mahaifar mahaifa. Yayin jima'i da abokin tarayya mai dauke da daya daga cikin kwayoyin cutar papilloma da allurar ta rufe, kwayoyin rigakafin wanda aka yi wa allurar suna daure da kwayar cutar papilloma kuma gaba daya suna hana su shiga cikin kwayoyin halitta, ta haka ne ke hana shi kamuwa da cutar.

Allurar rigakafin da ake samu

A halin yanzu akwai alluran rigakafi guda uku da ake da su don yaƙar papillomavirus na ɗan adam:

• rigakafin bivalent (wanda ke ba da kariya daga ƙwayoyin cuta na nau'ikan 16 da 18): Cervarix®,
• allurar rigakafi guda huɗu (wanda ke ba da kariya daga ƙwayoyin cuta 6, 11, 16 da 18): Gardasil®,
• allurar rigakafi mara amfani (wanda kuma ke ba da kariya daga ƙwayoyin cuta iri 31, 33, 45, 52 da 58): Gardasil 9®.

Maganin ba sa canzawa kuma duk wani maganin da aka fara da ɗayansu dole ne a kammala shi da wannan alurar riga kafi. Babbar Majalisar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a (HAS) ta kuma ba da shawarar cewa a fara duk wani sabon alluran rigakafi tare da rigakafin Gardasil 9® mara amfani.

Ga Delphine Chadoutaud, "dole ne a yi maganin alurar riga kafi kafin fara rayuwar jima'i don zama mafi tasiri". Ga 'yan mata da samari masu shekaru 11 zuwa 14, ana yin alluran rigakafi a cikin allurai biyu da aka raba tsakanin watanni 6 zuwa 13. Tsakanin shekaru 15 zuwa 19, wajibi ne a yi allura uku: allura na biyu yana faruwa watanni biyu bayan na farko, kuma na uku watanni shida bayan na farko. Bayan shekaru 19, alurar rigakafi ba a sake biya ta hanyar tsaro ta zamantakewa. “Ya kamata a tattauna allurar rigakafin da likita domin yanayin ya bambanta tsakanin matashi mai shekaru 25 da haihuwa ko kuma dan shekara 16 da ya riga ya fara jima’i” in ji likitan kantin.

“Kamar yadda yake da dukkan alluran rigakafi, akwai illa. Amma ga wannan, rabon fa'ida-hadari yana da kyau sosai "in ji Delphine Chadoutaud. Bayan maganin alurar riga kafi, yana yiwuwa alal misali za a iya jin kumbura a hannu, rauni, jajaye inda aka yi cizon. A lokuta da yawa, wasu marasa lafiya suna fama da ciwon kai, zazzabi ko ciwon tsoka. Wadannan illolin yawanci suna tafiya a cikin 'yan kwanaki. Idan sun ci gaba, kar a yi jinkirin tuntuɓar likitan ku.

contraindications

Shafin papillomavirus.fr yana gargadin marasa lafiya: “Kada a ruɗe illolin da ke tattare da allurar rigakafin da ba su da yawa. Wasu mutane ba za a iya yi musu allurar ba saboda dalilan da suka shafi yanayinsu. Wadannan sabani (rashin lafiya, ciki ga wasu alluran rigakafi, rashin lafiyar jiki, da dai sauransu) sananne ne kuma suna da alaƙa da kowace alurar riga kafi: kafin rubutawa sannan kafin yin rigakafin, likita ko ungozoma suna duba ko za a iya yiwa mutumin ko a'a. a lokacin da aka tsara”.

Likita, ungozoma, ko ma'aikaciyar jinya na iya yin maganin alurar rigakafin cutar ta ɗan adam akan takardar sayan magani a cikin bayanan kyauta, cibiyar tantancewa da tantancewa (Cegidd), cibiyar tsarin iyali da wasu cibiyoyin rigakafin. jama'a. Ana rufe maganin a kashi 65% ta hanyar tsaro ta zamantakewa akan gabatar da takardar sayan magani. Alurar rigakafi kuma na iya zama kyauta a wasu cibiyoyin.