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Menene dysplasia na hip
Dysplasia na hip shine rashin balaga na kasusuwa, tendons, da ligaments a mahaɗin kan femoral da acetabulum wanda ke samar da haɗin gwiwa. A cikin kalmomi masu sauƙi - rashin ci gaba na haɗin gwiwa.
A cikin ƙungiyar masu haɗari don cutar yawanci yaran da aka haifa tare da babban nauyi kuma a cikin gabatarwar breech.
Sakamakon ganewar asali ba ya buƙatar tsoro, "yaro ba zai yi tafiya ba" ko "zai ratse duk rayuwarsa" - wannan yana yiwuwa ne kawai tare da matsanancin nau'i na dysplasia na hip. A mafi yawancin lokuta, yara da dysplasia na hip suna tafiya akai-akai, amma ta hanyar cin zarafin "docking" na mata da kuma rami na haɗin gwiwa na hip, an rarraba nauyin da ba daidai ba yayin da yaron ya girma kuma aikinsa yana ƙaruwa kuma yana iya haifar da rikitarwa.
Yana da mahimmanci don gano cutar a cikin lokaci a cikin yara don hana cin zarafi na haɗin gwiwar hip a cikin samartaka da girma.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da dysplasia na hip a cikin yara
Akwai dalilai da yawa waɗanda zasu iya shafar bayyanar dysplasia na hip a cikin yaro:
- gado. Ana lura da wannan cutar sau da yawa a cikin yara waɗanda mahaifinsu da mahaifiyarsu suka sha wahala daga cututtukan ci gaba na haɗin gwiwa na hip;
- mai tsanani toxicosis;
- shan kowane magani a lokacin daukar ciki;
- manyan 'ya'yan itace;
- gabatarwar gluteal;
- rashin ruwa;
- matsalolin gynecological.
Alamomin dysplasia na hip a cikin yara
- rashin kwanciyar hankali na haɗin gwiwa na hip;
- ƙaura da komawa zuwa matsayinsa na asali na shugaban femoral;
- ƙayyadaddun katsewar haɗin gwiwa da ya shafa;
- asymmetrical folds a baya na cinyoyin;
- bayyananne gajarta da abin ya shafa.
Alamar farko da za a iya gani a cikin jariri ita ce rashin kwanciyar hankali, amma a cikin kashi 80% na dukkan lokuta wannan yana tafiya da kansa.
Maganin dysplasia na hip a cikin yara
Jiyya na dysplasia ya haɗa da matsayi mai mahimmanci tare da taimakon na'urori masu laushi masu laushi waɗanda ke yada ƙafafu (Freik's pillow, Pavlik's stirrups, Becker's panties, Vilensky's ko Volkov's elastic splints) da kuma motsa jiki.
kanikancin
- Idan ana zargin yaron da dysplasia na hip, ya zama dole don gudanar da duban dan tayi na mahaɗin hip da / ko gwajin X-ray, - in ji Mikhail Mashkin.
Abu mafi wahala don ganowa shine dysplasia hip na digiri na 1 (pre-luxation). A wannan yanayin, kawai asymmetry na folds na fata da kuma alamar alama mai kyau na dannawa za'a iya ganowa (ana jin alamar latsawa, yana nuna raguwar raguwa lokacin da ƙafafu suna lankwasa a gwiwa da hip haɗin gwiwa zuwa tarnaƙi).
Dysplasia na hip na digiri na 2 (subluxation) a cikin jarirai an gano shi ta hanyar gano nau'in fatar jiki na asymmetric, alamar dannawa mai kyau, da kuma alamar iyakantaccen satar hip.
Tare da dysplasia na hip na digiri na 3 (dislocation), ana furta cutar, cewa iyayen yaron na iya lura da cin zarafi. Ana buƙatar nazari don tabbatar da ganewar asali.
Idan akwai alamun dysplasia na hip a cikin yaro, an ba da shawarar duban dan tayi a cikin 100% na lokuta. X-ray ita ce hanya mafi dacewa don gano cutar, farawa daga watan bakwai na rayuwa.
Ka'idojin
Maganin mazan jiya na zamani na dysplasia na hip a cikin yara yana dogara ne akan ka'idodin asali masu zuwa: ba da gaɓoɓin matsayi mai kyau don ragewa (juyawa da kuma sacewa), farkon yiwuwar farawa, kiyaye motsin motsi, ci gaba na dogon lokaci, amfani da ƙarin hanyoyin. na daukan hotuna (darussan warkewa, tausa, physiotherapy).
Maganin ra'ayin mazan jiya ya ƙunshi maganin dogon lokaci a ƙarƙashin ikon duban dan tayi da gwajin X-ray.
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don magance dysplasia na hip shine swaddling har zuwa watanni 3, Freik pillow ko Pavlik stirrups har zuwa karshen rabin farko na shekara, kuma a nan gaba - daban-daban splints sacewa don bayan kula da sauran lahani.
Ga yara masu fama da dysplasia na hip, ana nuna motsa jiki na physiotherapy (maganin motsa jiki) daga kwanakin farko na rayuwa. Yana tabbatar da cikakken ci gaban jiki da tunani na yaro.
Har ila yau, daga kwanakin farko na rayuwar yaro tare da ilimin cututtuka, an tsara tausa - yana taimakawa wajen hana dystrophy na tsoka na biyu, inganta yanayin jini a cikin ɓangaren da ya shafa kuma don haka yana taimakawa wajen kawar da cutar da sauri.
Ana nuna ayyukan kawai tare da m tsarin haɗin gwiwa, lokacin da magani mai ra'ayin mazan jiya ba zai yi tasiri ba. Hakanan ana amfani da hanyoyin tiyata lokacin da rage raguwa ba tare da tiyata ba ba zai yiwu ba.
Rigakafin dysplasia na hip a cikin yara a gida
- yi biochemical da duban dan tayi a lokacin daukar ciki akan lokaci;
- kada ku swaddle da yaron sosai, kada ku daidaita kafafu lokacin yin swaddling;
- idan akwai liyafar tare da ƙafa, kada ku yi amfani da masu tsalle;
- dole ne yaron ya sa takalma tare da m baya;
- shan bitamin D3 (don farawa, tuntuɓi likitan yara);
- gwaje-gwajen rigakafi na yaro ta likitan kasusuwa a watanni 1, 3, 6 da shekara 1 bayan ya koyi tafiya.
Shahararrun tambayoyi da amsoshi
Answers Mikhail Mashkin, PhD, bokan osteopath, chiropractor, orthopedist.