The cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini ya ƙunshi ɗimbin cututtuka masu alaƙa da rashin aiki na zuciya to jini cewa ciyar da shi.

Wannan takardar tana mai da hankali ne kan cututtuka guda 2 da aka fi sani:

• Theangina yana faruwa ne lokacin da rashin iskar oxygen a cikin tsokar zuciya. Yana haifar da mummunan rikici zafi a cikin zuciya, ji a yankin kirji. Wannan cuta tana faruwa ne a kan motsa jiki kuma tana ɓacewa a cikin ƴan mintuna kaɗan tare da hutawa ko shan nitroglycerin, ba tare da barin wani abin da ya biyo baya ba. Kalmar "angina" ta fito ne daga Latin fushi, wanda ke nufin "sake";
• Theinfarction na zuciya ou ciwon zuciya yana nuna tashin hankali fiye da angina. Rashin iskar oxygen yana haddasawa necrosis, wato lalata wani bangare na tsokar zuciya, wanda za a maye gurbinsa da a scar. Ƙarfin zuciya don yin kwangilar al'ada da kuma zubar da adadin jini na al'ada tare da kowane bugun jini na iya shafar; duk ya dogara da girman tabo. Kalmar "infarction" ta fito ne daga Latin rashin lafiya, wanda ke nufin kaya ko cikawa, saboda kyallen jikin zuciya kamar sun cika da ruwa.

Le zuciya famfo ne da ke ba da damar rarraba jini ga dukkan gabobin, don haka yana tabbatar da aikinsu. Amma wannan tsoka kuma yana buƙatar zama ciyar da oxygen da abinci mai gina jiki. Jijiyoyin da ke samarwa da ciyar da zuciya su ake kira da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini (duba zane). Angina kai hari ko infarcts faruwa a lokacin da an toshe arteries na jijiyoyin jini, a bangare ko gaba daya. Wuraren da ba a wadatar da su da ruwa mai kyau ba ko kuma sun daina yin hakan. Irin wannan yanayin yana faruwa ne lokacin da bangon arteries a cikin zuciya ya lalace (duba Atherosclerosis da Arteriosclerosis a ƙasa).

Shekarun da ciwon angina na farko ko ciwon zuciya ya faru ya dogara da wani sashi akanrashin biyayya, amma yafi halaye na rayuwa : abinci, motsa jiki, shan taba, shan barasa da damuwa.

Frequency

A cewar Gidauniyar Zuciya da bugun jini, kusan mutane 70 sun dandana ciwon zuciya kowace shekara a Kanada. Kusan 16 daga cikinsu sun mika wuya gare shi. Galibin waɗanda suka tsira suna murmurewa sosai don komawa rayuwa mai ƙarfi. Duk da haka, idan zuciya ta lalace sosai, ta rasa ƙarfi sosai kuma tana da wahalar biyan bukatun jiki. Ayyuka masu sauƙi, irin su yin ado, suna da yawa. Ciwon zuciya ne.

Cutar cututtukan zuciya shine 1^re sanadin mutuwa a duk duniya, a cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya². Koyaya, ba haka lamarin yake ba a Kanada da Faransa, inda yanzu ana samun ciwon daji a cikin 1^er matsayi. Cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini duk da haka ya kasance 1^re sanadin mutuwa a masu ciwon sukari da sauran kungiyoyin jama'a, kamar 'yan asalin.

The matsalolin zuciya kusan daidai tasiri maza da kuma mata. Duk da haka, mata suna samun shi tun lokacin da suka tsufa.

Atherosclerosis da arteriosclerosis

Theatherosclerosis yana nufin kasancewar plaque a bangon ciki na arteries wanda ke yin katsalandan ko toshe kwararar jini. Yana tasowa sannu a hankali, sau da yawa shekaru da yawa kafin harin angina ko wasu alamun ya faru. Atherosclerosis ya fi shafar manyan arteries da matsakaita (misali, arteries na jijiyoyin jini, arteries na kwakwalwa da arteries na gabobi).

Yawancin lokaci ana danganta shi daarteriosclerosis : wato, don taurare, kauri da kuma asarar elasticity na arteries.

Ta yaya ciwon zuciya ke faruwa?

Mafi yawan cututtukan zuciya suna faruwa a ciki 3 matakai m.

• Na farko, bangon ciki na jijiya dole ne ya sha microblessures. Abubuwa iri-iri na iya lalata arteries na tsawon lokaci, kamar yawan adadin lipids a cikin jini, ciwon sukari, shan taba, da hawan jini.
• Yawancin lokaci, labarin ya ƙare a nan, saboda jiki yana kula da waɗannan ƙananan raunuka. A gefe guda kuma, yana faruwa cewa bangon jijiya yana kauri kuma ya samar da wani nau'in scar ake kira " farantin “. Wannan ya ƙunshi adibas na cholesterol, ƙwayoyin rigakafi (saboda ƙananan raunin da ya faru ya haifar da kumburi) da sauran abubuwa, ciki har da calcium.
• Yawancin plaques ba su da "hadari"; ko dai ba sa girma ko kuma suna yin haka a hankali, sannan su daidaita. Wasu ma suna iya rage budewar jijiyoyin jini da kashi 50% zuwa 70%, ba tare da haifar da bayyanar cututtuka ba kuma ba tare da kara muni ba. Don bugun zuciya ya faru, a suturar jini siffofi a kan faranti (wanda ba lallai ba ne babba). A cikin 'yan sa'o'i ko kwanaki, jinin jini zai iya toshe gaba ɗaya. Wannan shi ne abin da ke haifar da ciwon zuciya da ciwon kwatsam, ba tare da kowane irin gargadi ba.

  Matakan da ke haifar da gudan jini a kan plaque ba a fahimta sosai ba. An yi da gudan jini da jini. Kamar lokacin da aka sami rauni ga yatsa, jiki yana so ya gyara shi ta hanyar coagulation.

Theatherosclerosis yana son tabawa arteries da yawa a lokaci guda. Don haka yana ƙara haɗarin wasu mahimman matsalolin lafiya, kamar bugun jini ko gazawar koda.