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Ciwon ciki kumburin ƙananan hanji ne. Cutar tana tare da sauye-sauye na dystrophic a cikin mucous membrane kuma zai iya haifar da rikitarwa mai tsanani. Ana nuna shi ta hanyar cin zarafi na matakai na narkewa da sha. Muna koyo game da abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwon ciki, alamomi, magani, rigakafi, abinci mai gina jiki da sauran muhimman abubuwa don gano cutar a kan lokaci da kuma yaki da ita tare da matakai masu tasiri.
Me yasa yake da mahimmanci don magance enteritis?
Karamin hanji wata muhimmiyar gabo ce ta tsarin narkewar abinci. Wannan bututun tsoka ne mai tsayi kuma mai ƙwanƙwasa wanda ke karɓar abincin da aka narke daga ciki. Yawancin hanyoyin sinadarai masu alaƙa da rushewar abinci suna faruwa a cikin ƙaramin hanji. Ita ma wannan gaɓar ita ce ke da alhakin ɗaukar abubuwan gina jiki da jiki ke buƙata. Ana ba da aikin ƙananan hanji ta hanyar haɓakar yatsa-kamar microscopic protrusions - villi wanda ke shiga cikin lumen na gabobin. Har ila yau, ƙananan hanji wurin zama don ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani. Kwayoyin cututtuka daban-daban suna taimakawa wajen rushewar abubuwan gina jiki, suna kare jiki daga ƙwayoyin cuta. Bisa ga tsarin halittarsa, ƙananan hanji ya ƙunshi sassa da yawa. Cututtuka, kumburi da cututtuka da ke faruwa a kowane bangare suna da mummunan tasiri a kan sashin jiki kuma suna haifar da rushewar ayyukan ƙananan hanji. Lokacin shigar da nau'i na kullum, enteritis yana buƙatar magani mai rikitarwa na dogon lokaci, don haka ya kamata ku mai da hankali ga lafiyar ku kuma ku ɗauki wasu matakai a cikin lokaci don magance cutar.
Dalilan ci gaban enteritis
Kumburi a cikin ƙananan hanji yawanci yakan faru ne daga ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, ko ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar mura na ciki ko guba na abinci. Bayyanar hasken rana, bayyanar da miyagun ƙwayoyi, ko rashin lafiya mai tsawo kuma na iya haifar da ciwon ciki.
Shin enteritis cuta ce mai haɗari?
Kumburi da haushi na ƙananan hanji na iya haifar da zazzaɓi, kumburi da zafi mai tsanani a cikin ciki. A sakamakon haka, cututtuka na narkewa suna faruwa, wanda ke bayyana kansu a cikin nau'i na zawo, tashin zuciya da amai. Dangane da halaye na yanayin cutar, m enteritis ya ware, wanda ke faruwa ba zato ba tsammani kuma yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci. Kadan fiye da haka, cututtuka na yau da kullum suna tasowa - enteritis na kullum.
Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, a mafi yawan lokuta cutar ba ta haifar da haɗari mai tsanani kuma hasashen yana da kyau idan an gano cutar ta enteritis a cikin lokaci kuma an tsara tsarin kulawa daidai. Tare da cutar da ke faruwa a cikin nau'i mai laushi, za ku iya yin yaki a gida a karkashin kulawar gwani. Babbar matsalar da ke haifar da matsala ita ce rashin ruwa da gudawa da amai ke haifarwa.
Don samun nasarar jiyya, ya zama dole don samun ƙarin hutawa da sake cika ruwa tare da taimakon gaurayawan electrolyte da sauran magunguna na musamman. A lokuta da ake zargin kamuwa da cuta na kwayan cuta, magani na m enteritis na iya buƙatar maganin rigakafi. Tare da rashin ruwa mai tsanani, mai haƙuri yana asibiti. Idan enteritis yana dadewa na dogon lokaci, to, zai iya haifar da rikitarwa mai tsanani, wanda ya faru da wuya.
Babban nau'in enteritis da abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaba
Ciwon ciki na iya zama na sama, yana ci gaba tare da canje-canjen dystrophic a cikin enterocytes, ko na yau da kullun, ba tare da tsarin atrophic masu haɗuwa ba. Dangane da canje-canje a cikin halayen aiki, enteritis na iya faruwa a kan bango na cin zarafi na narkewar membrane, tsarin sha, ko canje-canje a cikin motsi na hanji.
Cutar cututtuka
Wannan shi ne mafi yawan nau'in da ke tasowa akan bayan kamuwa da cuta tare da ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban. Kwayoyin cututtuka na shiga cikin jiki ta hanyar gurɓataccen abinci, ruwa, ko ta hanyar hulɗa da wani mai kamuwa da cuta.
Kwayoyin cutar da ke haifar da enteritis sun haɗa da:
norovirus;
astrovirus;
rotavirus;
adenovirus.
Ciwon ciki yana haifar da kwayoyin cuta:
Escherichia coli;
Shigella;
Salmonella.
Clostridioides mai wahala;
Campylobacter jejuni;
staphylococcus na zinariya.
Parasites da ke haifar da enteritis:
lamblia;
Cyclospora;
Cryptosporidium.
Cutar kumburin ciki
Primary inflammatory enteritis yana faruwa ne ta wasu cututtuka na autoimmune waɗanda ke shafar tsarin narkewa. Kumburi yana tasowa yayin da tsarin rigakafi ya kai hari ga ƙwayoyin lafiya. Wannan na iya zama matsala na yau da kullun. Yawan amfani da wasu magunguna na iya haifar da kumburin hanji.
Wadannan sun hada da:
NSAIDs (magungunan anti-inflammatory marasa steroidal);
antibacterial jamiái.
Mutanen da ke shan barasa da kwayoyi su ma suna cikin haɗari.
Radiation enteritis
Radiation enteritis yana faruwa ne ta hanyar radiation. Mutanen da ke tare da tsarin aiki a cikin rami na ciki da yankin pelvic sun fi dacewa da cutar. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa ana amfani da maganin radiation da chemotherapy don lalata ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, amma ƙwayoyin lafiya waɗanda ke cikin harsashin kariya na baki, ciki da hanji kuma suna lalacewa yayin da iska. Wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga rushewar aikin shinge, wanda ke haifar da haushi da kumburi. A mafi yawan marasa lafiya, raɗaɗin enteritis yana faruwa ne kawai 'yan makonni bayan maganin chemotherapy. A lokuta da ba kasafai ba, yanayin pathological yana ci gaba har tsawon watanni da yawa ko ma shekaru. Har yanzu ba a san dalilin da ya sa hakan ya faru ba, amma an san cewa marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar sankarau na yau da kullun na iya fuskantar haɗari mai tsanani ga ƙananan hanji.
Ischemic enteritis
Ciwon ischemic na hanji yana faruwa ne lokacin da aka katse jinin da ke kaiwa kowane bangare na hanji. Ƙananan ischemia na hanji, ko da yake ba kasafai ba, na iya zama mummunan yanayin da ke haifar da enteritis da duk alamun alamun da ke hade da su.
Alamar ita ce enteritis
Hoton asibiti na cutar yana nuna nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan cututtukan cututtuka. Babban ciwo na enteropathy shine malabsorption, wanda zai iya kasancewa tare da sake dawowa akai-akai ko da wuya.
Akwai nau'i biyu na cutar: exacerbation da remission, wanda zai iya canzawa.
Enteritis yana tare da cin zarafi na aiki na bango na hanji, wanda ya haifar da raguwa a cikin ayyukan membranes na sel, canji a cikin tashoshi na sufuri wanda ke inganta ƙaddamar da samfurori na lalata (ions da ruwa).
Asibitin na Pathology ya dogara ne akan takamaiman cututtuka da ke tare da yanayin cutar, kuma babban bayyanar cututtuka na enteritis ya kasance ciwo na rashin ƙarfi na sha da zawo wanda ke sake dawowa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Dalili na sako-sako da stools ne ƙara mugunya na hanji ruwan 'ya'yan itace, high osmolarity na abinda ke ciki na ƙananan hanji, kazalika da take hakki na hanji Flora da m nassi na hanji wucewa.
Alamomin cututtuka na enteritis:
zazzaɓi;
zafi da ciwon ciki;
tashin zuciya da amai;
rage yawan ci;
gudawa;
jini a cikin kujeru;
farin shafi a kan harshe;
rauni na tsoka;
ciwon kai;
kumburin ciki;
pallor fata.
Dukkan alamun sun kasu kashi biyu: na hanji da gudana a wajen bangon hanji. Alamomin cutar na waje sun haɗa da ciwo na malabsorption. An bayyana shi a cikin raguwar nauyin jikin marasa lafiya, kuma a wasu lokuta asarar nauyi ya kai kilogiram 20, rashin tausayi, rashin tausayi, damuwa barci.
Bugu da kari, marasa lafiya fuskanci trophic canje-canje a cikin fata da appendages: bushewa, thinning, exfoliation na babba yadudduka na epidermis, brittleness da asarar gashi, thickening na ƙusa farantin bayyana. Tare da alamun bayyanar cututtuka na hypoproteinemia, ana lura da pastosity na fata, edema ya bayyana. Marasa lafiya suna ba da rahoton ciwon tsoka, rauni na tsoka, raguwar raƙuman jijiya, paresis, da ƙara yawan bugun zuciya. A kan ECG, ana iya lura da raguwa a cikin sashin ST, kazalika da lallashewa da kuma nau'in T na biyu. Extrasystole yana tasowa, wanda ya haifar da ƙarancin ƙwayar potassium a cikin jini. A cikin 2/3 na marasa lafiya, akwai kuma raguwa a matakin ƙwayar calcium a cikin jini, wanda ke tare da ci gaban ƙwayar tsoka a ɓangaren ƙananan tsokoki.
Wasu bayyanar cututtuka suna hade da hypovitaminosis, wanda ke tasowa a kan bango na rashin amfani da abubuwan gina jiki a cikin yankin hanji. A wannan yanayin, bayyanar cututtuka na enteritis kama da asibitin beriberi, halayyar rashi da dama bitamin: A, B2, K, D, B6, B12, E.
Daga gefen hanji, ana kuma lura da yawan alamun bayyanar cututtuka, kuma tare da ci gaban tsarin ilimin cututtuka kawai a cikin sashin farko na jejunum, alamun hanji ba a bayyana su ba. Lokacin da tsarin kumburi ya shafi jejunum da ileum, akwai cin zarafi na sha na bile acid, wanda a cikin mutane masu lafiya yana faruwa a cikin hanji mai nisa. Sakamakon irin wannan cin zarafi shine wuce haddi na bile a cikin babban hanji da ci gaba da zawo. Dalili kai tsaye na canji a cikin stool shine ƙara yawan adadin sodium, ions chlorine, da kuma bayyanar da ruwa mai yawa a cikin lumen na hanji saboda tasirin bile acid a kan tafiyar waɗannan matakai. Ƙara ƙarar najasa yana kunna aikin motsa jiki na hanji.
Cin zarafi na aikin bawul ɗin gidaocecal yana haifar da abin da ke cikin hanji ya sake fitowa daga hanji zuwa cikin ileum kuma ya zama gurɓata da tsire-tsire na ƙwayoyin cuta. Tsawon hanji reflux ileitis na iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka halayyar rashin bitamin B12; a lokuta masu tsanani, enteritis yana faruwa tare da alamun rashin ƙarancin B12 anemia. Irin wannan bayyanar cututtuka suna tare da ciwo a cikin yankin iliac na dama.
Bugu da ƙari, ciwon ciki yana nuna ciwo a tsakiyar ciki a cikin cibiya, wanda ke bayyana bayan sa'o'i uku bayan cin abinci. Suna iya zama cramping, m ko arching. Lokacin da aka bincika da kuma ƙayyade tsinkayar ciwo na ciwo, akwai ciwo a cikin jejunum, wato a gefen hagu a sama da cibiya, kuma likita na iya bayyana ƙararrawa da splashing a cikin madaukai na hanji, sau da yawa a cikin yankin caecum.
Kwanciyar marasa lafiya ruwa ne, mai sauri, launin rawaya, yawanta ya kai sau biyar ko fiye a rana. Marasa lafiya suna damuwa game da kumburi, rumbling a cikin hanji. Zawo na yara shine mafi tsanani.
matsalolin
Matsalolin m enteritis
Mafi muni mai rikitarwa na m enteritis shine rashin ruwa mai tsanani. Manya na iya magance wannan yanayin cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da bushewa cikin sauƙi. Yara, tsofaffi da marasa lafiya marasa lafiya sukan sha wahala mai tsanani. Idan an gano ku da ciwon ciki ko kuma kuna kula da wanda kuke ƙauna mai irin wannan cuta, to ku tabbata cewa an cika ma'aunin ruwa a cikin jiki a kan lokaci.
Alamomin rashin ruwa:
ciwon kai;
rauni na tsoka;
gajiya;
bushe baki;
dizziness;
idanun sun runtse;
cardiopalmus;
karancin jini.
duhun fitsari;
maƙarƙashiya.
Matsalolin na kullum enteritis
Ko da yake na kullum enteritis sakamakon daga radiation far ko kumburi hanji cuta ne kasa na kowa, zai iya samun da dogon lokacin da sakamako masu illa da muhimmanci da illa ga ingancin rayuwa da kuma bukatar ƙarin far.
Hanyoyin da ke faruwa:
karancin jini;
kumburin ciki;
zawo na kullum;
Nausea;
ciwon ciki;
Nausea;
wani bangare na toshewar karamar hanji.
Hanyoyin ganewar asali
Yawanci ana gano cutar ne bisa ga alamomi, tarihin likita, da sakamakon gwajin jiki. A mataki na farko, likitan da ke halartar ya ba da shawarar gwaje-gwaje don gano dalilin ciwon ciki. Misali, ana yin gwajin stool a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje don sanin nau'in kamuwa da cuta. Idan ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don fayyace bayanin, an ba da x-ray na ƙananan hanji ko wasu nazarin. Binciken samfuran nama yana ba ku damar ƙarin koyo game da abin da ke faruwa a cikin ƙaramin hanji.
Babban bincike:
shirye-shirye;
PCR nunawa;
radiyon binciken;
fibrogastroduodenoscopy;
bincike akan ƙwai helminth;
nazarin jini na gaba ɗaya;
al'adun ƙwayoyin cuta;
Duban dan tayi na gabobin ciki;
video capsule endoscopy, da dai sauransu.
Dangane da ƙayyadaddun tsarin kumburi a lokacin ci gaban cutar, an kuma gano duodenitis - raunin duodenum, ileitis - ileum, jejunum - jejunum. Sau da yawa, a kan tushen cutar, cututtuka masu haɗuwa suna tasowa: lalacewa ga ciki - gastroenteritis ko colon - enterocolitis. Sauran rikice-rikicen da ke hade da ci gaban hanyoyin tafiyar da cututtuka ma yana yiwuwa.
Maganin enteritis
Tsarin magani ya dogara da dalilin cutar. Dangane da alamun marasa lafiya, tarihin likita, da sakamakon gwaji, likita ya ƙayyade ainihin dalilin kumburi a cikin ƙananan hanji. Misali, idan majiyyaci ya kamu da zazzabi, wannan yana nuna kamuwa da cuta. Don haka, jiyya na iya buƙatar amfani da maganin rigakafi idan akwai kamuwa da cuta na kwayan cuta ko magungunan rigakafi, waɗanda aka rubuta don kamuwa da cuta. A cikin yanayi inda dalilin enteritis shine maganin radiation, ana ba da shawarar canji a cikin hanyar magani. Wannan zai iya taimakawa wajen rage yanayin majiyyaci kuma ya kawar da wasu alamun rashin jin daɗi. A madadin haka, idan an riga an kammala aikin maganin radiation, ana iya sa ran kumburin cikin ƙananan hanji zai ragu a cikin 'yan makonni ko watanni.
Babban makasudin a cikin tsarin jiyya shine don guje wa bushewa da asarar electrolytes. A sakamakon haka, za a shawarci majiyyaci don ƙara yawan ruwa. A madadin, ana iya ba da magungunan jijiya. Za a kuma shawarci majiyyaci da ya huta gwargwadon yadda zai yiwu don dawo da ƙarfinsa. Gabaɗaya, magani na enteritis yana nufin rage yanayin marasa lafiya da kuma kawar da alamun cutar. Babban shawarwarin shine hutawa mai kyau da sake sakewa. Idan dalilin kamuwa da cuta ne, tsarin rigakafi yawanci baya buƙatar tallafi, kuma jiki yana yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta ba tare da taimako ba. Tare da raunin tsarin rigakafi da sauran cututtuka, kamuwa da cuta na kwayan cuta zai iya dadewa. A wannan yanayin, likitan da ke halartar ya rubuta maganin rigakafi. A cikin ischemia ko cututtukan autoimmune, ana kuma yin amfani da magani don yaƙar tushen abubuwan da ke haifar da haɓakar yanayin cutar. A cikin na kullum enteritis, anti-mai kumburi da kwayoyi za a iya rubuta.
magunguna
Tsarin jiyya na iya haɗawa da probiotics, antihistamines, rukunin bitamin da sauran magunguna, waɗanda likitan halartar ya zaɓa daidai da nau'in cutar da nau'in cutar. Tsarin magani kuma yakan haɗa da antispasmodics, antidiarrheal, masu kwantar da hankali da antipyretics. Lura cewa ba a ba da shawarar maganin kai ba. Idan ana zargin enteritis, musamman idan halayen halayen halayen sun ci gaba na dogon lokaci, wajibi ne a yi alƙawari tare da likita.
Abinci ga enteritis
Idan akwai matsaloli tare da assimilation na abinci, ana bada shawara don canza abincin yau da kullun da kuma ba da fifiko ga jita-jita masu sauƙi da sauƙi. Ku ci ƙananan abinci, akai-akai don hana tashin zuciya. Idan kuna fuskantar matsalar cin abinci mai ƙarfi, yana da kyau a haɗa da broths masu ɗanɗano a cikin menu na ku, wanda zai iya taimaka muku ci gaba da ƙoshin ku kuma ya ba ku ƙarfin kuzarin da kuke buƙata. An zaɓi abun da ke ciki da adadin jita-jita dangane da jihar. A kowane mataki na enteritis, ana ba da shawarar yin la'akari da rage cin abinci. A lokacin lokacin tashin hankali, idan babu contraindications, ana aiwatar da yunwar. Mai haƙuri yana buƙatar cinye akalla 1,5-2 lita na ruwa. An ba da izinin decoction na ganye, hips ya tashi, shayi mai karfi tare da lemun tsami. Tare da enteritis, sau da yawa, amma ba fiye da kwanaki 3-4 ba, an tsara teburin magani No. 4, wanda ke taimakawa wajen kula da abinci mai mahimmanci da kuma rage zawo.
Manyan shawarwari:
raguwa a cikin girman rabo;
rage cin abinci;
pureed ko steamed jita-jita;
daidaitaccen ɗanɗanowar naku, miya da jita-jita na gefe;
ware kayan lambu da abincin da ke motsa motsin hanji.
Bayan rage gudawa da kuma kafin daidaita stool, an ba da shawarar rage cin abinci na warkewa No. 4B, wanda ke nuna abincin da aka daskare. An ba da shawarar rage cin abinci No. 4B don ciwon ciki na kullum, a lokacin lokacin dawowa da remission.
rigakafin
Cutar cututtuka, wanda ya fi kowa, shine mafi sauki don hanawa. Tare da tsaftar mutum a hankali, cutar ba ta tasowa ba.
Matakan rigakafi na asali:
Wanke hannunka da sabulu da ruwa bayan amfani da bayan gida, a wuraren jama'a da kuma kafin sarrafa abinci.
tsaftataccen kayan dafa abinci da saman da suka yi karo da danyen nama ko wasu abinci marasa dafa abinci;
kada ku ci danyen kifi, soyayyen nama mara kyau da sauran jita-jita iri ɗaya;
kiyaye yanayin da aka ba da shawarar adana abinci da kayan abinci;
Lokacin tafiya zuwa ƙasashen waje, yi amfani da ruwa mai tsabta mai tsabta.
Lokacin tafiya, ɗauki tsabtace hannu ko adiko na goge baki tare da babban abun ciki na barasa aƙalla 6%.
Kashe shan taba da iyakance shan barasa suma suna da mahimmanci don hana kumburin ƙananan hanji.
Yaushe zan ga likita?
tashin zuciya yana wucewa fiye da kwanaki 2;
zawo fiye da sa'o'i 24;
amai fiye da kwanaki 2;
akwai alamun rashin ruwa;
zafin jiki sama da 38 ° C;
zubar jini a cikin amai ko stools;
zafi mai tsanani a cikin ciki.
Idan kun yi zargin enteritis, ya kamata ku yi alƙawari tare da babban likita ko likitan gastroenterologist. Tsarin magani da sashen marasa lafiya, idan ana buƙatar asibiti, an ƙaddara ta nau'in ciwon ciki da yanayin yanayin cutar.
[Video] VoiceGen - Sanadin, bayyanar cututtuka da magani na enteritis: