Gwajin ma'auni a cikin ilimin jijiyoyin jiki, electromyogram (EMG) yana ba da damar bincika aikin lantarki na jijiyoyi da tsokoki. Baya ga gwajin asibiti, yana taimakawa wajen gano cututtukan cututtukan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki daban -daban.

Electromyogram, wanda kuma ake kira electroneuromyogram, electronography, ENMG ko EMG, yana da niyyar bincika abubuwan motsa jiki a cikin jijiyoyin motsa jiki, jijiyoyin jijiyoyi da tsokoki. Binciken mahimmanci a cikin ilimin jijiyoyin jiki, yana ba da damar kimanta aikin jijiyoyi da tsokoki.

A aikace, jarrabawar ta ƙunshi yin rikodin ayyukan wutar lantarki na jijiyoyi gami da ƙuntatawar tsoka ko dai ta manne allura a cikin tsoka ko kusa da jijiya, ko ta hanyar liƙa electrode akan fata idan jijiya ko tsokar na waje ne. Ana nazarin ayyukan lantarki yayin hutawa, bayan motsawar wutar lantarki ta wucin gadi ko ta ƙoƙarin ƙuntatawa na mai haƙuri.

Ana yin gwajin a cikin asibiti, a cikin dakin gwaje -gwaje don binciken aikin jijiyoyin jiki, ko a ofishin likitan jijiyoyin jiki idan an sanye shi. Babu shiri ya zama dole. Jarabawar, ba tare da haɗari ba, tana ɗaukar mintuna 45 zuwa 90 dangane da yarjejeniya da aka yi amfani da ita.

Na'urar don yin EMG ana kiranta electromyograph. Yin amfani da wayoyin lantarki (ƙananan faci) da aka sanya akan fata, yana tayar da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki ta hanyar aikawa da taƙaitaccen (daga kashi goma zuwa milise) da ƙaramin ƙarfi (dubun dubatar ampere) girgizar lantarki. ). Ana yada wannan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin zuwa tsoka, wanda zai yi kwangila kuma ya motsa. Na'urorin firikwensin da aka manne akan fata suna ba da damar yin rikodin aikin lantarki na jijiya da / ko tsoka. Wannan an rubuta shi akan na'urar kuma an bincika akan allo a cikin nau'i na makirci.

Dangane da alamu da cututtukan da ake nema, ana iya amfani da nau'ikan gwaje -gwaje daban -daban:

• ainihin electromyogram ya ƙunshi nazarin aikin lantarki na tsoka a hutawa kuma lokacin da mai haƙuri ya yi kwangilar sa da son rai. Yana yiwuwa a yi nazarin ayyukan ƙananan ƙwayoyin tsoka kawai. Don wannan, likita ya gabatar da allura mai kyau, tare da firikwensin, a cikin tsoka. Binciken aikin lantarki na tsoka yana ba da damar gano asarar jijiyoyin jijiyoyin motsi na jiki ko rashin daidaituwa na tsoka;
• nazarin saurin gudanar da fibers na mota ya kunshi motsa jijiyoyin jiki a wurare biyu domin yin nazari kan saurin gudu da karfin sarrafa karfin jijiyoyin a gefe guda, da martanin muscular a daya bangaren;
• nazarin saurin saurin motsa jiki yana ba da damar auna yadda ake gudanar da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jijiyoyi zuwa kashin baya;
• ana amfani da gwaje -gwajen motsawar maimaitawa don gwada amincin watsawa tsakanin jijiya da tsoka. An ƙarfafa jijiya akai -akai kuma ana nazarin martanin tsoka. Musamman, ana bincika cewa girman sa ba ya raguwa ba tare da kowane ƙarfafawa ba.

Ƙarfafa wutar lantarki na iya zama mafi daɗi fiye da mai raɗaɗi. Allurai masu kyau na iya haifar da ɗan zafi kaɗan.

Ana iya ba da electromyogram ta fuskar alamun daban -daban:

• bayan hadarin da zai iya haifar da lalacewar jijiya;
• ciwon tsoka (myalgia);
• raunin tsoka, asarar sautin tsoka;
• m tingling, numbness, tingling (paramnesia);
• wahalar yin fitsari ko riƙe fitsari, wucewa ko riƙe kujera
• tabarbarewa a cikin maza;
• ciwon mara da ba a bayyana ba a cikin mata.

Dangane da sakamakon, jarrabawar na iya gano cututtuka ko raunuka daban -daban:

• ciwon tsoka (myopathy);
• karyewar tsoka (bayan tiyata, rauni ko haihuwa a perineum, misali);
• ciwon ramin motsi na carpal;
• idan lalacewar tushen jijiya bayan rauni, binciken saurin gudu yana ba da damar tantance matakin lalacewar tsarin jijiyoyin da abin ya shafa (tushen, plexus, jijiya a sassa daban -daban tare da gabobin hannu) da kuma matakinsa na nakasa;
• cututtukan jijiya (neuropathy). Ta hanyar nazarin bangarori daban -daban na jiki, EMG yana ba da damar gano ko cutar jijiyoyin sun bazu ko kuma an haɗa su ta haka don rarrabe polyneuropathies, mononeuropathies da yawa, polyradiculoneuropathies. Dangane da munanan abubuwan da aka lura, hakanan yana ba da damar kai tsaye zuwa ga abin da ke haifar da cututtukan neuropathy (kwayoyin halitta, rashin lafiyar rigakafi, mai guba, ciwon sukari, kamuwa da cuta, da sauransu);
• cuta na ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin motsi a cikin kashin baya (neuron mota);
• myasthenia gravis (wata cuta mai saurin kamuwa da cutar sankarau).