Gwiwar hannu (daga Latin ulna) haɗin gwiwa ne na babba mai haɗa hannu da goshi.

Structure. Gwiwar tana kafa mahaɗin tsakanin:

• ƙarshen ƙarshen humerus, kashi ɗaya kawai a hannu;
• iyakar iyakar radius da ulna (ko ulna), kasusuwa biyu na goshi.

Ƙarshen ƙarshen ulna yana haifar da ɓarkewar kasusuwa, wanda ake kira olecranon, kuma ya zama ma'anar gwiwar hannu.

gidajen abinci. Gwiwar ta kunshi sassa uku (1):

• haɗin gwiwa na humero-ulnar, yana haɗa trochlea humeral, a cikin hanyar bugun jini, da ƙira na ulna (ko ulna). Wadannan saman biyu an rufe su da guringuntsi;
• haɗin gwiwa-radial haɗin gwiwa wanda ke haɗa jigon humerus da dimple radial;
• haɗin gwiwa na rediyo-ulnar wanda ke haɗa ƙarshen radius da ulna a gefe.

Insertions. Yankin gwiwar hannu shine wurin shigar da tsokoki da jijiyoyi da yawa wanda ke ba da damar motsi na gwiwar hannu da kuma kiyaye tsarin.

Motsa gwiwar hannu. Gwiwar hannu na iya yin motsi biyu, juyawa, wanda ke kusantar da goshi kusa da hannu, da fadadawa, wanda yayi daidai da jujjuyawar baya. Ana yin waɗannan ƙungiyoyin galibi ta hanyar haɗin humero-ulnar kuma zuwa ƙaramin abu ta hanyar haɗin humero-radial. Ƙarshen yana cikin jagorancin motsi kuma a cikin amplitude, wanda zai iya kaiwa 140 ° a matsakaita. (2)

Ƙungiyoyin hannu. Haɗin gwiwar hannu, galibi haɗin gwiwa na rediyo-ulnar kuma zuwa mafi ƙarancin haɗin haɗin humero-radial, suna da hannu a cikin juzu'in juzu'i na gaba. Pronosupination ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi biyu daban -daban (3):

- Motsa jiki wanda ke ba da damar tafin hannun zuwa sama

- The pronation motsi wanda ke ba da damar tafin hannun ya zama ƙasa

samu karaya. Gwiwar gwiwa na iya fama da karaya, daya daga cikin mafi yawan lokuta shine na olecranon, wanda yake a matakin kusancin epiphysis na ulna kuma ya zama ma'anar gwiwar hannu. Fractures of the radial head are also common.

osteoporosis. Wannan cuta tana haifar da asarar ƙashi wanda galibi ana samunsa a cikin mutane sama da shekaru 60. Yana ƙara haɗarin kashin kashi kuma yana haɓaka takardar kuɗi (4).

Tendinopathies. Suna tsara duk cututtukan da zasu iya faruwa a cikin jijiyoyin. Alamomin waɗannan cututtukan sune galibi zafi a jijiya yayin aiki. Sanadin waɗannan cututtukan na iya bambanta. Epicondylitis, wanda kuma ake kira epicondylalgia, yana nufin ciwon da ke faruwa a cikin epicondyle, wani yanki na gwiwar hannu (5).

Tendinitis. Suna nufin tsoffin jijiyoyin da ke da alaƙa da kumburin jijiyoyin.

Kiwon lafiya. Dangane da ilimin cututtukan da aka gano, ana iya ba da magunguna daban -daban don daidaitawa ko ƙarfafa ƙashi, tare da rage zafi da kumburi.

Jiyya na tiyata. Dangane da nau'in karaya, ana iya yin aikin tiyata tare da, misali, shigar da farantin karfe, kusoshi ko ma mai gyara waje.

Arthroscopy. Wannan dabarar tiyata tana ba da damar a lura da haɗin gwiwa.

Jiyya ta jiki. Magunguna na jiki, ta hanyar takamaiman shirye -shiryen motsa jiki, galibi ana ba da umarni kamar aikin motsa jiki ko motsa jiki.

Nazarin jiki. Ana fara gane cutar ne tare da tantance ciwon gaban hannu domin gano musabbabin ta.

Gwajin hoton likita. X-ray, CT, MRI, scintigraphy ko densitometry exams za a iya amfani da su don tabbatarwa ko zurfafa ganewar asali.

Epicondylitis na waje, ko epicondylalgia, na gwiwar hannu kuma ana kiranta "gwiwar hannu ta tennis" ko "gwiwar dan wasan tennis" tunda suna faruwa akai -akai a cikin 'yan wasan tennis. (6) Ba su da yawa a yau saboda godiya ga ƙananan raket na yanzu. Ƙananan sau da yawa, epicondylitis na cikin gida, ko epicondylalgia, ana danganta su da “gwiwar golfer”.