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Microsoft Excel yana ba mai amfani da yawa, yanayin magana, matakan kariya - daga sauƙi mai sauƙi na sel guda ɗaya zuwa ɓoyayyen fayil ɗin gabaɗaya tare da maƙallan crypto-algorithms na dangin RC4. Mu yi tasu daya bayan daya…
Mataki na 0. Kariya daga shigar da bayanan da ba daidai ba a cikin tantanin halitta
Hanya mafi sauki. Yana ba ku damar bincika ainihin abin da mai amfani ya shigar a cikin wasu sel kuma baya ba ku damar shigar da bayanan da ba daidai ba (misali, farashi mara kyau ko adadi kaɗan na mutane ko ranar juyin juya halin Oktoba maimakon ranar da aka ƙare kwangila, da sauransu) Don saita irin wannan rajistan shigarwa, kuna buƙatar zaɓar sel kuma zaɓi shafin data (Kwanan wata) button Ingancin bayanai (Tabbacin Bayanai). A cikin Excel 2003 da tsofaffi, ana iya yin wannan ta amfani da menu Bayanai - Tabbatarwa (Bayanai - Tabbatarwa)… A cikin tab Siga daga jerin abubuwan da aka saukar, zaku iya zaɓar nau'in bayanan da aka yarda don shigarwa:
Shafukan da ke kusa da wannan taga suna ba da izinin (idan ana so) don saita saƙonnin da zasu bayyana kafin shigar - tab Saƙon shigarwa (Sakon shigarwa), kuma idan an shigar da bayanan da ba daidai ba - tab Kuskuren saƙo (Fadar Kuskure):
Mataki 1: Kare Sheet Cells daga Canje-canje
Za mu iya gaba ɗaya ko zaɓi hana mai amfani daga canza abubuwan da ke cikin sel na kowace takardar da aka bayar. Don shigar da irin wannan kariyar, bi algorithm mai sauƙi:
- Zaɓi sel waɗanda babu bukatar karewa (idan akwai), danna-dama akan su kuma zaɓi umarni daga menu na mahallin Tsarin salula (Tsarin Kwayoyin)… A cikin tab kariya (Kariya) cire alamar akwatin Tantanin halitta mai kariya (Kulle). Duk sel waɗanda wannan akwatin rajistan ya rage waɗanda aka zaɓa za a kiyaye su lokacin da aka kunna kariyar takardar. Duk sel da kuka cire wannan tuta za a iya gyara su duk da kariya. Don gani da gani waɗanne sel ne za a kare kuma waɗanda ba za su iya ba, zaku iya amfani da wannan macro.
- Don ba da damar kariya ga takaddar yanzu a cikin Excel 2003 da tsofaffi - zaɓi daga menu Sabis - Kariya - Takardar Kariya (Kayan aiki - Kariya - Kariyar takardar aiki), ko a cikin Excel 2007 kuma daga baya, danna Takardar Kariya (Takardar Kariya) tab Nunawa (Bita). A cikin akwatin maganganu da ke buɗewa, zaku iya saita kalmar sirri (za a buƙaci ta yadda babu wanda zai iya cire kariya) kuma, ta yin amfani da jerin akwati, saita, idan ana so, ban da:
Wato, idan muna so mu bar mai amfani da ikon, alal misali, tsara sel masu kariya da marasa tsaro, dole ne a duba akwatuna uku na farko. Hakanan zaka iya ƙyale masu amfani suyi amfani da rarrabuwa, atomatik, da sauran kayan aikin tebur masu dacewa.
Mataki na 2. Zaɓin kariya na jeri don masu amfani daban-daban
Idan an ɗauka cewa masu amfani da yawa za su yi aiki tare da fayil ɗin, kuma kowannensu dole ne ya sami damar zuwa yankin takardar kansa, to, zaku iya saita kariyar takarda tare da kalmomin shiga daban-daban don jeri daban-daban na sel.
Don yin wannan, zaɓi kan shafin Nunawa (bita) button Bada damar canza jeri (Bada masu amfani su gyara jeri). A cikin Excel 2003 da kuma daga baya, akwai umarnin menu don wannan Sabis - Kariya - Bada damar canza jeri (Kayan aiki - Kariya - Ba da damar masu amfani su canza jeri):
A cikin taga da ya bayyana, danna maɓallin Create (sabon) sannan shigar da sunan kewayon, adiresoshin sel da ke cikin wannan kewayon da kalmar sirri don shiga wannan kewayon:
Maimaita waɗannan matakan don kowane jeri na mai amfani daban-daban har sai an jera su duka. Yanzu zaku iya danna maɓallin Takardar Kariya (duba sakin layi na baya) kuma ba da damar kariya ga duka takardar.
Yanzu, lokacin da kuka yi ƙoƙarin samun dama ga kowane jeri mai kariya daga jerin, Excel zai buƙaci kalmar sirri don wannan kewayon musamman, watau kowane mai amfani zai yi aiki "a cikin lambun sa".
Mataki na 3. Kare zanen gadon littafin
Idan kana buƙatar kare kanka daga:
- sharewa, sake suna, motsin zanen gado a cikin littafin aiki
- canje-canje zuwa wuraren da aka liƙa ("headers", da sauransu)
- canje-canjen tsarin da ba'a so (launi / ginshiƙai masu rugujewa ta amfani da maɓallan haɗawa da ƙari/rage)
- ikon rage girman / motsawa / girman girman taga littafin aiki a cikin taga Excel
sannan kuna buƙatar kare duk zanen gado na littafin, ta amfani da maɓallin Littafin kariya (Kare Littafin Aiki) tab Nunawa (Bita) ko - a cikin tsoffin sigogin Excel - ta menu Sabis - Kariya - Littafin karewa (Kayan aiki - Kariya - Kariyar littafin aiki):
Mataki na 4. Fayil boye-boye
Idan ya cancanta, Excel yana ba da ikon ɓoye duk fayil ɗin littafin aiki ta amfani da algorithms ɓoyayyen dangi na RC4 daban-daban. Wannan kariyar ita ce mafi sauƙin saita lokacin adana littafin aiki, watau zaɓi ƙungiyoyi Fayil - Ajiye azaman (Fayil - Ajiye As), sa'an nan a cikin ajiye taga, nemo da kuma fadada da drop-saukar list Sabis - Gabaɗaya Zaɓuɓɓuka (Kayan aiki - Gabaɗaya Zaɓuɓɓuka). A cikin taga da ya bayyana, zamu iya shigar da kalmomin shiga daban-daban guda biyu - don buɗe fayil ɗin (karanta kawai) kuma canza:
- Yadda ake saita / rashin kariya ga duk zanen gadon littafi lokaci guda ( PLEX add-on )
- Hana sel marasa kariya tare da launi
- Kariyar da ta dace na zanen gado ta macro