Cystectomy shine tiyata don cire mafitsara a karkashin maganin sa barci. Ya ƙunshi kafa tsarin kewayawa don fitar da fitsari. Ana yin wannan aikin ne don maganin wasu cututtukan daji, ko kuma a wasu marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar jijiya ko kuma ana yin jinya mai nauyi wanda ke canza aikin mafitsara. Bayan cystectomy, aikin fitsari, jima'i da haihuwa sun lalace.

Cystectomy shine tiyata don cire mafitsara. Ana iya yin aikin tiyatar ta hanyar laparotomy (ƙaƙe a ƙasan cibiya) ko ta hanyar tiyatar laparoscopic tare da ko ba tare da taimakon mutum-mutumi ba. Yawanci ya shafi cire prostate a cikin maza, da mahaifa a cikin mata.

A kowane hali, ya ƙunshi kafa tsarin kewayawa don maye gurbin mafitsara da fitar da fitsarin da kodan ke samarwa.

Nau'o'i uku na samu mai yiwuwa ne:

• Ciwon mafitsara, wanda aka yi la'akari da shi idan za a iya ajiye fitsari (tube da ke ba da damar fitar da fitsari): likitan fiɗa ya gina mafitsara ta wucin gadi daga wani yanki na hanji wanda ya siffata ta zama tafki. Daga nan sai ta hada wannan aljihun da magudanan fitsari (tubes masu dauke da fitsari daga koda) da kuma fitsari. Wannan neo-bladder yana ba da damar fitar da fitsari ta hanyar halitta;
• Nahiyar cutaneous bypass: likitan fiɗa yana gina mafitsara ta wucin gadi daga wani yanki na hanji wanda ya siffata ta hanyar tafki. Sa'an nan kuma ya haɗa wannan jakar zuwa bututun da aka haɗa zuwa ga ma'auni a matakin fata wanda ke ba marasa lafiya damar yin kullun da hannu akai-akai;
• A uretero-ileal kewaye bisa ga Bricker: Likita kawar da wani sashi na hanji da cewa shi haɗu da kodan ta cikin ureters da kuma cewa shi haɗu da fata a kusa da cibiya. Ƙarshen ɓangaren yana samar da buɗaɗɗen bayyane akan ciki wanda ke aiki a matsayin tallafi ga aljihu na waje wanda aka gyara a jikin wanda fitsari ke gudana akai-akai. Ya kamata majiyyaci ya kwashe kuma ya canza wannan jaka akai-akai.

Ana shirya cystectomy

Wannan sa baki yana buƙatar shirye-shirye, musamman don ƙarin marasa lafiya marasa lafiya ( tarihin zuciya, anticoagulants, ciwon sukari, da dai sauransu) A cikin kwanaki 10 da suka gabata kafin aikin, mai haƙuri dole ne ya bi shawarar da aka saba ba da ita ta ƙungiyar tiyata: hutawa , abinci mai haske, dakatar da shan taba. , babu giya…

Wataƙila za a yi amfani da hanjin yayin aikin sanya tsarin kewayawa. Don haka dole ne a shirya ta abinci marar saura don farawa ƴan kwanaki kafin aikin.

Kwana daya kafin shiga tsakani

Mara lafiyar ya shiga asibiti kwana daya kafin a yi masa tiyata. Dole ne ya sha ruwa wanda zai ba hanji damar yin komai.

Daban-daban matakai na cystectomy

• Likitan anesthesiologist yana sanya catheter na epidural a ƙarƙashin maganin sa barci don sarrafa zafi bayan tiyata. Sa'an nan kuma ya sanya majiyyaci barci gaba daya;
• Likitan fiɗa yana cire mafitsara (kuma sau da yawa prostate da mahaifa) ta hanyar laparotomy ko laparoscopic tiyata;
• Sannan ya kafa hanyar da za a bi wajen kawar da fitsari.

A cikin yanayin cystectomy don ciwon daji, cire mafitsara yana hade da:

• A cikin maza, ɓarna kumburin ƙwayar lymph (aiki don cire duk nodes na lymph daga yankin da ciwon daji zai iya yadawa) da kuma cire prostate;
• A cikin mata, kumburin kumburin lymph da kuma cire bangon gaba na farji da mahaifa.

• Cystectomy shine daidaitaccen magani don ciwon daji wanda ya shafi tsokar mafitsara, nau'in ciwon daji mafi tsanani;
• Za a iya ba da izinin yin amfani da cystectomy don ciwon daji na mafitsara wanda bai kai ga tsoka ba a yayin da ciwon daji ya sake dawowa duk da ciwon ƙwayar cuta (cire ƙwayar cuta daga sashin jiki) da kuma maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi da aka tsara a matsayin layin farko;
• A ƙarshe, za a iya la'akari da zubar da mafitsara a cikin wasu marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon jijiya ko kuma yin jiyya mai tsanani (radiotherapy) wanda ke canza aikin mafitsara.

Kwanaki bayan aikin

• An sanya mai haƙuri a cikin kulawa mai zurfi don ƙungiyar likitocin su iya sarrafa ciwo (catheter epidural), aikin urinary (gwajin jini), aikin da ya dace na jagororin da kuma sake dawowa;
• Ana zubar da fitsari ta hanyar catheters, kuma yankin da aka sarrafa yana zubar da magudanar ruwa daga waje a kowane gefen ciki na ciki;
• Ƙungiyar ta tabbatar da cewa majiyyaci ya sake samun 'yancin kai da sauri;
• Tsawon lokacin jinya a asibiti shine aƙalla kwanaki 10.

Risks da rikitarwa

Matsaloli na iya bayyana a cikin kwanaki masu zuwa aikin:

• Zuban jini;
• phlebitis da huhu embolism;
• cututtuka (urinary, rufi, tabo ko gaba ɗaya);
• Rikicin fitsari (dilation na mafitsara na hanji, kunkuntar matakin suture tsakanin hanji da ducts na fitsari, da sauransu);
• Matsalolin narkewar abinci (toshewar hanji, ciwon ciki, da sauransu).

Side effects

Cystectomy wani tsoma baki ne wanda ke da abubuwan da ke faruwa akan ayyukan fitsari da jima'i:

• Jima'i da haihuwa suna da lahani;
• A cikin maza, cirewar prostate yana haifar da asarar wasu hanyoyin haɓaka;
• Ciwon kai (ikon sarrafa fitar fitsari) yana da matukar gyaruwa;
• Da daddare, dole ne majiyyata su farka don zubar da mafitsara kuma su guje wa zubewa.