Ana nazarin magunguna da yawa don kula da marasa lafiya na Covid-19 a duniya. A yau, godiya ga binciken likita, ana kula da marasa lafiya fiye da farkon barkewar cutar sankara. 

Clofoctol, kwayar halittar da Institut Pasteur de Lille ta gano

Sabunta Janairu 14, 2021 - Gidauniyar mai zaman kanta tana jiran izini daga hukumomin lafiya don ƙaddamar da gwajin asibiti na ɗan adam. Maganin shine clofoctol, wanda har yanzu an ba da shi har zuwa 2005 don magance cututtuka masu sauƙi na numfashi kuma a sha a matsayin abin sha.

Cibiyar Pasteur ta Lille ya gano"ban sha'awaA daya daga cikin kwayoyin halitta guda biyu kasancewar batun binciken su. Tawagar da ta kunshi masana kimiyya”Task Force»Yana da manufa guda don nemo a ingantacciyar magani ga Covid-19, tun daga farkon annobar. Tana gwada jiyya da yawa da aka riga aka amince da su kuma suna shiga tsakani don magance wasu cututtukan. Farfesa Benoît Déprez ya sanar da cewa kwayoyin halitta shine "musamman tasiri"Kuma ya kasance"musamman mai ƙarfi"A kan Sars-Cov-2, tare da"fatan samun saurin magani“. Kwayoyin da abin ya shafa ya kasance batun jerin gwaje-gwaje tun farkon lokacin rani. Amfaninsa ya ta'allaka ne a cikin gaskiyar cewa ya riga ya sami izinin tallace-tallace, don haka yana adana lokaci mai yawa.

An riga an amince da magungunan da Cibiyar Pasteur ke aiki da su, wanda ke ceton su lokaci mai mahimmanci. Kwayoyin da ke damuwa shine maganin rigakafi, wanda aka riga aka yi amfani dashi don magance wasu cututtuka. An fara boye sunansa sannan aka bayyana, shine clofoctol. Masana sun zo ƙarshe da tasiri sau biyu akan cutar : maganin da aka sha da wuri, lokacin da alamun farko suka bayyana, zai iya rage nauyin kwayar cutar da ke cikin jiki. Idan, akasin haka, an dauki maganin a makara, zai iyakance ci gaban nau'i mai tsanani. Wannan babban bege ne, kamar yadda za a iya buga gwaje-gwajen asibiti na farko a kan macaques a watan Mayu.

Dole ne a guji magungunan hana kumburi a cikin lamarin Covid-19

An sabunta a ranar 16 ga Maris, 2020 – A cewar sabon abin dubawa da bayanan da gwamnatin Faransa ta yada, da alama shan magungunan hana kumburin ciki (Ibuprofen, cortisone, da sauransu) na iya zama sanadin dagula cutar. A halin yanzu, gwaje-gwaje na asibiti da shirye-shiryen Faransanci da na Turai da yawa suna ƙoƙarin tsaftace ganewar asali da fahimtar wannan cuta don inganta tsarinta. Ko menene yanayin, ana ba da shawarar kada a sha magungunan kashe kumburi ba tare da shawarar likita ba tukuna.

Babu takamaiman magani, amma ana kimanta jiyya da yawa. A Faransa, an ba da izinin alluran rigakafi guda huɗu, na Pfizer / BioNtech, Moderna, AstraZeneca da Janssen Johnson & Johnson. Ana gudanar da wasu bincike kan allurar rigakafin cutar ta Covid-XNUMX a duniya.

A halin yanzu, ga ƙananan nau'ikan Covid-19, jiyya alama ce:

• A sha paracetamol domin zazzabi da ciwon jiki,
• Huta,
• A sha da yawa don sake sha ruwa.
• Cire hanci tare da saline physiological.

Kuma ba shakka,

• Kame kanka da mutunta matakan tsafta don gujewa gurɓata na kusa da kai,

Wani gwaji na asibiti na Turai wanda ya hada da marasa lafiya 3.200 da wani nau'i mai tsanani ya shafa ya fara a tsakiyar Maris don kwatanta jiyya daban-daban guda hudu: maganin oxygen da iskar numfashi da remdesivir (maganin rigakafi da aka riga aka yi amfani da shi a kan cutar Ebola) da Kaletra (maganin cutar Ebola). ƙwayar cuta). AIDS) da Kaletra + a beta interferon (kwayoyin halitta da tsarin rigakafi ke samarwa don mafi kyawun rigakafin cututtukan hoto) don ƙarfafa aikin sa. Chloroquine (maganin zazzabin cizon sauro) wanda aka ambata a lokaci ɗaya ba a riƙe shi ba saboda babban haɗarin mu'amalar miyagun ƙwayoyi da illolinsa. Sauran gwaje-gwaje tare da wasu jiyya kuma ana yin su a wasu wurare a duniya.

Yaya ake kula da marasa lafiya da sabon coronavirus?

A matsayin tunatarwa, Covid-19 cuta ce da kwayar cutar Sars-Cov-2 ta haifar. Yana da alamomi da yawa, kuma yawanci yana bayyana azaman zazzabi ko jin zazzabi da alamun wahalar numfashi kamar tari ko ƙarancin numfashi. Mutumin da ya kamu da Covid-19 shima yana iya zama asymptomatic. Yawan mutuwa zai zama 2%. Mummunan lamuran galibi sun shafi tsofaffi da / ko mutanen da ke fama da wasu cututtuka.

Jiyya alama ce. Idan kana da ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin alamun bayyanar cututtuka, a cikin matsakaici, ya kamata ka kira likitanka kafin ka je ofishinsa. Likitan zai gaya muku abin da za ku yi (zauna a gida ko zuwa ofishinsa) kuma zai jagorance ku kan magungunan da za ku sha don rage zazzabi da / ko tari. Za a fara shan paracetamol don rage zazzabi. A gefe guda, an haramta shan magungunan hana kumburi (ibuprofen, cortisone) saboda suna iya cutar da cutar.

Idan alamun sun tsananta tare da wahalar numfashi da alamun shaƙewa, kira Cibiyar SAMU 15 wanda zai yanke shawarar abin da za a yi. Mafi tsanani lokuta ana kwantar da su a asibiti don amfana daga taimakon numfashi, ƙarin sa ido ko yiwuwar sanya su cikin kulawa mai zurfi.

A yayin da ake fuskantar ɗimbin lokuta masu tsanani da kuma yaduwar ƙwayar cuta a duniya, a halin yanzu ana nazarin hanyoyin warkewa da yawa don samun magani da rigakafin gaggawa.

Monoclonal antibody jiyya

A ranar 15 ga Maris, 2021, Hukumar Kula da Magunguna ta Faransa, ANSM ta ba da izinin amfani da jiyya guda biyu na monoclonal don kula da Covid-19. An yi nufin su ga mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin ci gaba zuwa nau'i mai mahimmanci, "saboda maganin rigakafi da ke da alaƙa da ilimin cututtuka ko jiyya, na tsufa ko kasancewar cututtuka". Don haka magunguna masu izini sune: 

• Dual therapy casirivimab / imdevimab wanda aka haɓaka ta awon Roch;
• bamlanivimab / etesevimab dual therapy tsara ta Lilly Faransa dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Ana ba marasa lafiya magungunan ta hanji a asibiti da kuma rigakafi, wato, cikin kwanaki 5 mafi yawa bayan bayyanar cututtuka. 

tocilizumab 

Tocilizumab maganin rigakafi ne na monoclonal kuma yana damuwa da marasa lafiya da ke da nau'i mai tsanani na Covid-19. Wannan kwayar halitta tana ba da damar iyakance haɓakar amsawar tsarin rigakafi, sannan mutum yayi magana akan “guguwar cytokine”. Wannan wuce gona da iri na kariya daga Covid-19 yana haifar da wahalar numfashi, yana buƙatar taimako.

Tocilizumab ana amfani da shi akai-akai don magance cututtukan cututtuka na rheumatoid. B lymphocytes ne ke samar da wannan maganin rigakafi. Cibiyar AP-HP (Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris) ta gudanar da bincike a Faransa don haka, akan marasa lafiya 129. Waɗannan majinyata na Covid-19 sun sha fama da matsananciyar matsananciyar kamuwa da cutar huhu. Rabin marasa lafiya an ba su maganin tocilizumab, ban da jiyya na al'ada. Sauran marasa lafiya sun sami jiyya na yau da kullun.  

Lura ta farko ita ce adadin marasa lafiya da aka shigar da su cikin kulawa mai zurfi ya ragu. Na biyu kuma, adadin wadanda suka mutu ya ragu. Sakamakon haka yana da ban sha'awa sosai kuma begen magani akan sabon coronavirus na gaske ne. Har yanzu ana ci gaba da gudanar da bincike, saboda sakamakon farko yana da alfanu. 

An buga sakamakon farko na wasu nazarin (Amurka da Faransanci) a cikin JAMA Medicine na ciki, amma suna da jayayya. Binciken na Amurka ya nuna cewa haɗarin mace-mace a cikin marasa lafiya da ke da tsananin Covid-19 yana raguwa lokacin da ake gudanar da tocilizumab a cikin sa'o'i 48 bayan shigar da sashin kulawa mai zurfi. Nazarin Faransanci bai sami wani bambanci a cikin mace-mace ba, amma yana nuna cewa haɗarin kasancewa a kan iska mai lalacewa ko injina ya ragu a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda suka karɓi maganin.

Gwajin gwajin gwaji na asibiti: riga-kafi a kasuwa

Cibiyar Pasteur ta sanar da ƙaddamar da gwajin asibiti wanda Inserm ke yi. Yana nufin "ƙima da kwatanta haɗin gwiwar warkewa guda huɗu":

Kowannensu zai kasance yana da alaƙa da marasa takamaiman magani da alamun alamun cutar Covid-19.

• magunguna marasa takamaiman da alamomi kadai.

Wannan aikin zai hada da marasa lafiya 3200 na asibiti, ciki har da 800 a Faransa. Wannan gwaji na asibiti zai ci gaba. Idan daya daga cikin zaɓaɓɓun kwayoyin ba su da tasiri, za a watsar da shi. Sabanin haka, idan ɗayansu yayi aiki akan ɗaya daga cikin marasa lafiya, ana iya gwada shi akan duk marasa lafiya a matsayin wani ɓangare na gwaji.

« Manufar ita ce a tantance inganci da amincin dabarun gwajin gwaji guda huɗu waɗanda za su iya yin tasiri a kan Covid-19 bisa la'akari da bayanan kimiyya na yanzu. »Kamar yadda Inserm ya nuna.

Gwajin Ganowa zai ɗauki tsari tare da hanyoyin jiyya guda biyar, waɗanda aka gwada ba bisa ka'ida ba akan marasa lafiya da ke da coronavirus mai tsanani:

• daidaitaccen kulawa
• kula da remdesivir,
• daidaitaccen kulawa da lopinavir da ritonavir,
• daidaitaccen kulawa da lopinavir, ritonavir da beta interferon
• daidaitaccen kulawa da hydroxy-chloroquine.

Menene remdesivir? 

dakin gwaje-gwajen Amurka ne, Kimiyyar Gileyad, wanda da farko ya gwada remdesivir. Tabbas, an gwada wannan maganin don jinyar masu fama da cutar Ebola. Sakamakon bai kasance cikakke ba. Remdesivir maganin rigakafi ne; wani abu ne da ke yaki da ƙwayoyin cuta. Maimaitawa duk da haka ya ba da sakamako mai ban sha'awa game da wasu coronaviruses. Shi ya sa masana kimiyya suka yanke shawarar yin gwaji wannan maganin na cutar Sars-Cov-2.

Menene ayyukansa? 

Wannan antiviral na hana kwayar cutar kwafi a jiki. Kwayar cutar Sars-Cov-2 na iya haifar da amsawar rigakafi da yawa a wasu marasa lafiya, wanda zai iya kai hari ga huhu. Wannan shine inda remdesivir zai iya shiga, don sarrafa "guguwar cytokine". Magungunan za su iyakance halayen kumburi don haka lalacewar huhu. 

Menene sakamakon? 

Remdesivir an nuna cewa marasa lafiya suna da wani mummunan nau'i na Covid-19 murmurewa da sauri fiye da waɗanda suka karɓi placebo. Saboda haka antiviral yana da wani mataki akan kwayar cutar, amma ba cikakken magani bane don yaƙar cutar. A cikin Amurka, ana ba da izinin gudanar da wannan magani don amfani da gaggawa.

A watan Satumba, bincike ya nuna cewa Remdesivir zai inganta warkar da wasu marasa lafiya da 'yan kwanaki. Remdesivir kuma an yi imanin yana rage mace-mace. Wannan anti-viral yana da tasiri sosai, amma, a kan kansa, ba ya zama magani ga Covid-19. Duk da haka, hanyar tana da tsanani. 

A watan Oktoba, bincike ya nuna cewa remdesevir ya ɗan rage lokacin murmurewa na marasa lafiya na Covid-19. Koyaya, da ba zai nuna wani fa'ida ba wajen rage mace-mace. Babban Hukumar Lafiya ta yi la'akari da cewa sha'awar wannan magani shine "low".

Gwajin Hycovid akan sabon coronavirus

Wani sabon gwaji na asibiti, mai suna ” Hycovid Za a gudanar da shi akan marasa lafiya 1, tare da tattara asibitoci 300 a Faransa. Yawancin su suna cikin Yamma: Cholet, Lorient, Brest, Quimper da Poitiers; da Arewa: Tourcoing da Amiens; a Kudu maso Yamma: Toulouse da Agen; da kuma a yankin Paris. Asibitin Jami'ar Angers ne ke jagorantar wannan gwaji.

Wace ƙa'ida don gwajin Hycovid?

Gwajin ya shafi marasa lafiya da ke da Covid-19, ba a cikin yanayin damuwa, ko cikin kulawa mai zurfi amma cikin haɗarin rikitarwa. A zahiri, yawancin marasa lafiyar da aka yiwa gwajin ko dai tsofaffi (akalla shekaru 75) ko kuma suna da matsalolin numfashi, tare da buƙatar iskar oxygen.

Ana iya ba da maganin ga marasa lafiya kai tsaye a asibiti, a gidajen jinya ko kuma a gida kawai. Kamar yadda Farfesa Vincent Dubée, babban mai gabatar da aikin a Asibitin Jami'ar Angers, ya nuna "Za mu yi wa mutane magani da wuri, wanda mai yiwuwa shine abin da ke tabbatar da nasarar maganin". Bugu da ƙari, ƙayyadaddun cewa ba za a danganta maganin ga kowa ba saboda wasu marasa lafiya za su karbi placebo, ba tare da majiyyaci ba, ko ma likita ya san shi.

Sakamakon farko  

Babban ra'ayin Farfesa Dubée shine "rufe muhawara" kan tasiri, ko a'a, na chloroquine. Tsayayyen tsari wanda zai ba da sakamakonsa na farko a cikin kwanaki 15, tare da ƙarshe ana sa ran a ƙarshen Afrilu.

Chloroquine don maganin coronavirus?

Pr Didier Raoult, kwararre kan cututtuka kuma farfesa a fannin ilimin halittu a Cibiyar Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée kamuwa da cuta a Marseille, ya nuna a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 2020 cewa chloroquine na iya warkar da Covid-19. Wannan maganin zazzabin cizon sauro zai nuna tasirinsa wajen magance cutar, a cewar wani binciken kimiyyar kasar Sin da aka buga a mujallar BioScience Trends. A cewar Farfesa Raoult, chloroquine "zai ƙunshi juyin halittar ciwon huhu, don inganta yanayin huhu, ta yadda majiyyaci ya sake kamuwa da cutar kuma ya rage tsawon lokacin cutar". Marubutan wannan binciken kuma sun dage cewa wannan maganin ba shi da tsada kuma fa'idodinsa / kasadarsa sananne ne saboda ya daɗe a kasuwa.

Dole ne a zurfafa wannan hanyar warkewa duk da haka saboda an gudanar da bincike akan wasu marasa lafiya kuma chloroquine na iya haifar da illa mai haɗari. Ba a sake yin amfani da Hydroxycloroquine a Faransa, a matsayin wani ɓangare na Covid-19, sai dai idan ya shafi marasa lafiya waɗanda ke cikin gwajin asibiti. 

Yin amfani da serums daga mutanen da aka warke

Yin amfani da sera daga masu shayarwa, wato daga mutanen da suka kamu da cutar kuma suka sami ƙwayoyin rigakafi, shi ma hanya ce ta warkewa da ake nazari. Binciken da aka buga a cikin Journal of Clinical Investigation ya nuna cewa yin amfani da sera convalescent na iya:

• hana masu lafiya masu kamuwa da cutar daga kamuwa da cutar;
• bi da waɗanda suka nuna alamun farko da sauri.

Marubutan wannan binciken sun tuna da bukatar kare mutanen da suka fi kamuwa da Covid-19, musamman ma’aikatan kiwon lafiya. "A yau, ma’aikatan jinya, likitoci da sauran kwararrun kiwon lafiya suna kan gaba wajen yakar Covid-19. An fallasa su ga shari'o'in da aka tabbatar. Wasu daga cikinsu sun kamu da cutar, wasu kuma an keɓe su a matsayin matakan rigakafi, suna yin barazana ga tsarin kiwon lafiya na ƙasashen da cutar ta fi shafa.”, Ƙarshe masu binciken.

Nicotine zai yi tasiri mai kyau akan ƙwayar cuta ta Covid-19? Wannan shi ne abin da wata ƙungiya daga asibitin Pitié Salpêtrière ke ƙoƙarin ganowa. Abin lura shi ne, ƙaramin adadin mutanen da suka kamu da Covid-19 masu shan sigari ne. Tun da sigari ya fi ƙunshe da mahadi masu guba irin su arsenic, ammonia ko carbon monoxide, masu bincike suna juyawa zuwa nicotine. An ce wannan sinadari na psychoactive yana hana kwayar cutar makalawa ga bangon tantanin halitta. Yi hankali, duk da haka, cewa babu wata hanya ta nufin cewa dole ne ku sha taba. Sigari na da illa ga lafiya kuma yana lalata huhu sosai.

Wannan zai ƙunshi amfani da facin nicotine ga wasu nau'ikan mutane:

• ma'aikatan jinya, don aikin rigakafi da kariya na nicotine;
• marasa lafiya na asibiti, don ganin ko alamun sun inganta;
• don lokuta masu tsanani na Covid-19, don rage kumburi. 

Ana ci gaba da binciken don nuna tasirin nicotine akan sabon coronavirus, wanda zai sami rigakafi maimakon aikin warkewa.

Sabunta Nuwamba 27 - Nazarin Nicovid Prev, gwajin gwaji ta AP-HP, zai fadada ko'ina cikin ƙasar kuma ya haɗa da ma'aikatan jinya fiye da 1. Tsawon lokacin "maganin" zai kasance tsakanin watanni 500 da 4.

Sabunta Oktoba 16, 2020 - Sakamakon nicotine akan Covid-19 har yanzu hasashe ne a wannan lokacin. Koyaya, Santé Publique Faransa tana ƙarfafa duk wani shiri don yaƙar coronavirus. Ana dakon sakamakon.

Kamar yadda SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus sabon abu ne, babu wata hanyar da ta dace da ta inganta. Duk da haka yana yiwuwa a yi ƙoƙarin ƙarfafa rigakafi ta tsire-tsire da aka ba da shawarar idan akwai mura na yanayi:

• Ginseng: sananne don ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi. Don cinyewa da safe, ginseng yana taimakawa wajen yaki da gajiya ta jiki don taimakawa wajen dawo da ƙarfi. Adadin ya bambanta daga yanayin zuwa yanayin, tuntuɓi likitan ku don daidaita sashi. 
• Echinacea: yana taimakawa rage alamun mura. Yana da mahimmanci a dauki echinacea a farkon alamar kamuwa da cuta ta sama (sanyi, sinusitis, laryngitis, da dai sauransu).
• Andrographis: matsakaici yana rage tsawon lokaci da tsananin alamun cututtukan cututtuka na numfashi (sanyi, mura, pharyngitis).
• Eleutherococcus ko black elderberry: yana ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi da rage gajiya, musamman lokacin ciwon mura.

A gefe guda, shan bitamin D na iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan numfashi ta hanyar haɓaka rigakafi (6). Wani bincike daga mujallar Minerva, Review of Evidence-Based Medicine ya bayyana cewa: Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na bitamin D na iya hana kamuwa da cututtuka masu tsanani na numfashi. Marasa lafiya da suka fi amfana su ne waɗanda ke da ƙarancin ƙarancin bitamin D da waɗanda ke karɓar alluran yau da kullun ko mako-mako. "Don haka ya wadatar a sha 'yan digo na bitamin D3 kowace rana don kai 1500 zuwa 2000 IU kowace rana (IU = sassan duniya) ga manya da 1000 IU kowace rana ga yara. Duk da haka yana da matukar muhimmanci a bi shawarwarin likitan da ke ba da izini, don kauce wa samun yawan adadin bitamin D. Bugu da ƙari, karin bitamin ba ya keɓanta daga girmama alamun shinge. 

Jiki na jiki

Motsa jiki yana ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa yana rage haɗarin cututtuka da ciwon daji. Don haka, don kare kanku daga coronavirus, kamar kowane cututtuka, ana ba da shawarar motsa jiki sosai. Yi hankali, duk da haka, kada ku yi wasanni idan akwai zazzabi. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne a huta saboda haɗarin haɗari yana da alama yana ƙaruwa a yayin ƙoƙarin ƙoƙarin lokacin zazzabi. Madaidaicin "kashi" na motsa jiki na jiki kowace rana don haɓaka rigakafi zai kasance kusan mintuna 30 a kowace rana (ko har zuwa awa ɗaya).