Contents
Cholecystitis wani tsari ne mai kumburi a cikin gallbladder, galibi ana tsokane shi ta hanyar kamuwa da cuta na gabobin ciki tare da microflora na hanji a kan bangon cin zarafi na bile ta hanyar bututun cystic. Cholecystitis yawanci cuta ce ta cholelithiasis. Gallbladder yana kusa da hanta kuma yana da hannu sosai a cikin tsarin narkewa. Bile yana fita ta cikin ƙananan hanji, amma wani lokacin ana samun matsaloli tare da fitarwa kuma bile yana taruwa a cikin gallbladder, yana haifar da ciwo mai tsanani da kuma ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cuta.
A matsayinka na mai mulki, cutar tana faruwa a hade tare da cholangitis - kumburi na bile ducts. Cholecystitis cuta ce ta tiyata ta gama gari, musamman tsakanin mata masu matsakaici da tsofaffi - suna yin rashin lafiya sau uku zuwa takwas fiye da takwarorinsu maza.
Babban dalilai na predisposition na jinsi zuwa cholecystitis:
Matsawa na gallbladder na yau da kullum a lokacin daukar ciki yana haifar da sakamako na dogon lokaci - rashin daidaituwa na cholesterol da bile acid, kuma, a sakamakon haka, stagnation na bile;
Features na hormonal metabolism na mata - an tabbatar da cewa progesterone, wanda aka samar da yawa a lokacin daukar ciki da kuma menopause, da kuma sauran mata jima'i hormones da mummunan tasiri a kan aiki na gallbladder;
Mata sukan kasance masu sha'awar abinci, kuma ƙuntatawa abinci mai tsanani yana rushe motsi (kwagi) na gallbladder.
Ƙungiyar haɗari, ba tare da la'akari da jinsi da shekaru ba, sun haɗa da mutanen da suka taba samun:
cututtuka na hanji da / ko hanta;
cututtuka na parasitic (helminthic da protozoal invasions, na gida a tsaye ko a daya daga cikin matakai na ci gaba a cikin hanji da / ko hanta);
Cutar gallstone (GSD) tare da toshewa ( toshewa ) na cervix da / ko lalacewa ga mucous membranes na gallbladder;
Cututtukan da ke kawo cikas ga samar da jini zuwa bangon gallbladder.
An tabbatar da haɗin kai tsakanin cututtukan gallbladder da gabobin ciki waɗanda ba su da alaƙa a jiki - waɗannan su ne abin da ake kira viscero-visceral reflexes. Duk abubuwan da ke sama na cholecystitis suna faruwa ne saboda ko dai rashin cin zarafi ( toshewar ) na gallbladder, ko kuma keta motsin sa (dyskinesia).
Dangane da tushen etiological, manyan ƙungiyoyin nosological na cholecystitis sun bambanta:
Calculous (lat. Ƙirar - dutse);
Mara adadi (maras dutse).
Alamun cholecystitis
Alamomin farko na cholecystitis yawanci zafi mai kaifi a gefen dama a ƙarƙashin hakarkarinsawanda ya bayyana ba zato ba tsammani. Dalilin haka shi ne dutse da ke toshe hanyar cystic. A sakamakon haka, hangula da kumburi na gallbladder yana tasowa.
Ciwon yana tafiya ne bayan wani lokaci da kansa ko kuma bayan shan maganin kashe radadi, amma nan gaba sai a hankali ya karu, sannan ya zama na yau da kullun. Akwai ci gaba da cutar, wanda ke tare da zazzabi mai zafi, amai da tashin zuciya. Yanayin mai haƙuri yana ci gaba da lalacewa.
Yana dakatar da kwararar bile na yau da kullun zuwa cikin hanji, Alamar wacce ita ce icteric coloring na fata da ido sclera. Abubuwan da ake buƙata don jaundice shine ainihin kasancewar duwatsu waɗanda ke toshe bile ducts. Mummunan cututtukan da ke tattare da cutar yana da alamun bugun jini: yawanci bugun zuciya yana daga tamanin zuwa ɗari da ashirin - bugun ɗari da talatin a minti daya (ko ma mafi girma), wanda alama ce mai mahimmanci, ma'ana cewa canje-canje masu haɗari sun faru. a cikin jiki.
Dangane da nau'in cholecystitis na yau da kullun, alamun bazai bayyana musamman ba, a nan gaba cutar na iya jin kanta a cikin wani nau'i mai ci gaba ko kuma ɗaukar nau'i mai ƙarfi. A wannan yanayin, kawai magani a cikin ma'aikatar kiwon lafiya ta musamman zai guje wa tabarbarewar yanayin.
Nausea tare da cholecystitis – wata alama ta gama gari. Nausea wani yanayi ne wanda yawanci ke gaba da gag reflex. A wasu lokuta, tashin zuciya da amai wani abu ne na kariya ga jiki ga maye. Tare da cholecystitis, tashin zuciya da amai ko da yaushe suna cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar.
Nausea a cholecystitis ya kamata a bambanta da irin wannan bayyanar cututtuka a cikin wasu cututtuka da pathologies:
Zawo (zawo) tare da cholecystitis lura sau da yawa. Zawo, maƙarƙashiya, kumburin ciki sune alamun cututtuka na gastrointestinal tract, ciki har da cholecystitis. Bayyanar rashin lafiyar stool ba zato ba tsammani yayin maganin cholecystitis yana nuna yanayin cutar.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da cholecystitis
Abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar na iya bambanta sosai, amma mafi yawan lokuta cholecystitis yana faruwa ne saboda tarin duwatsu a cikin duct na cystic duct, jiki da wuyan gallbladder, wanda ke da wuya ga bile ya fita. Har ila yau, dalilin zai iya zama wani nau'i na rauni ko kamuwa da cuta, da kuma kasancewar irin waɗannan cututtuka masu tsanani kamar ciwon sukari mellitus, duk da haka, a nan cholecystitis zai bayyana kansa a matsayin rikitarwa na ilimin cututtuka na yanzu, kuma ba a matsayin cuta mai zaman kanta ba.
Sakamakon duk abubuwan da ke sama na iya zama mummunan nau'i na cholecystitis tare da kumburi gallbladder. Yawancin nau'in cutar na kullum ana lura da shi a cikin lokuta inda fushi ba ya dadewa na dogon lokaci kuma yana da tsawo, sakamakon haka ganuwar gabobin ya zama mai yawa.
Wani harin cholecystitis
Hare-hare sune halayen biyu na farko cholecystitis da exacerbations na na kullum nau'i na cutar. Masu fama da tashin hankali suna da rashin jin daɗi a cikin ciki bayan shan mai, abinci mai yaji ko barasa.
Alamun mummunan harin cholecystitis:
Ciwo mai kaifi a cikin hypochondrium na dama, epigastrium ko cibiya;
tashin zuciya da amai, belching gas, daci a baki;
Subfebrile ko zafin jiki mai zafi (37-38 0 C ko 38-39 0 DAGA).
Yadda za a sauƙaƙa harin cholecystitis?
Don dakatar da harin cholecystitis, dole ne:
Kira motar asibiti;
Ku kwanta a gado kuma ku shafa sanyi ga ciki;
Ɗauki antispasmodic (no-shpa) da analgesic;
Don rage tashin zuciya, sha shayi na mint ko ruwan ma'adinai mara carbonated a cikin dakin da zafin jiki;
A gaban amai, tabbatar da tarin amai don bincike.
Matsaloli da sakamako
Babban nau'i na cholecystitis ba tare da isasshen magani ba ya zama na yau da kullum tare da lokuta na exacerbation da remission. Kuma cututtuka na yau da kullum suna da wuyar magancewa, tun da sauran gabobin suna shiga cikin pathogenesis. An gano ci gaban nau'in cholecystitis a cikin 15% na marasa lafiya. Yana iya haifar da gangrene, biliary fistulas wanda ke haɗa hanji, kodan da ciki tare da gallbladder, jaundice na toshewa, ƙurji, m pancreatitis, wani lokacin sepsis.
Sakamakon (hasashen) na calculous and non-calculous cholecystitis:
Hasashen rashin rikitarwa calculous cholecystitis yana da kyau. Bayan magani mai tsanani, hoton asibiti bazai bayyana na dogon lokaci ba. An san lokuta na cikakkiyar farfadowa. A cikin nau'i mai rikitarwa na cholecystitis na calculous, tsinkayen ya fi hankali;
Hasashen cholecystitis mara ƙididdiga ba shi da tabbas. Tare da irin wannan cuta, ya kamata mutum ya kasance da hankali game da purulent da lalata nau'in kumburi.
Jiyya da abinci
Jiyya na m cholecystitis da na kullum cuta a cikin m mataki ne da za'ayi a wani asibitin tiyata. An zaɓi hanyoyin magani daban-daban bisa ga alamu.
Conservative magani na cholecystitis:
Magungunan rigakafi, zaɓin ya dogara da tasiri na miyagun ƙwayoyi;
Antispasmodics don daidaita aikin nassi na bile a cikin ƙananan hanji;
Cholagogue tare da hypotension na gallbladder da al'ada patency na bile duct;
Hepatoprotectors don kula da aikin hanta.
Maganin tiyata na cholecystitis:
Cholecystectomy - cikakken kawar da gallbladder, za'ayi nan da nan tare da alamun cututtuka na peritonitis mai yaduwa da m bile obstruction, a wasu lokuta - a cikin tsari.
Abinci ga cholecystitis
A lokacin mummunan harin, ana ba majiyyaci abin sha mai dumi ne kawai a cikin ƙananan sassa. Adadin ruwa ya kai lita daya da rabi kowace rana.
Bayan kawar da ciwo mai tsanani, abincin ya hada da hatsi, kissels, cutlets na tururi daga nama ko kifi, kwai kaza a cikin nau'i na omelet, da farin burodi.
Abinci ga cholecystitis:
Kuna buƙatar ku ci a cikin ƙananan rabo (sau 5-6 a rana) don kula da yanayin samar da bile;
Ana ba da shawarar cin abincin dare ba bayan sa'o'i 4-6 kafin barcin dare.
Abinci na marasa lafiya tare da cholecystitis ya kamata ya haɗa da:
Kayayyakin dabba tare da mafi ƙarancin kitse, yankakken yankakken da tururi;
Kayayyakin kayan lambu waɗanda ba su ƙunshi babban fiber ba, mai wadatar bitamin da abubuwan gano abubuwa.
Tare da cholecystitis, an haramta cin abinci masu zuwa:
gwangwani, pickled, kyafaffen, gishiri, pickled, m, astringent;
tsokanar rashin narkewar abinci da samuwar iskar gas (madara, legumes, abubuwan sha na carbonated);
Canza pH na yanayin ciki (barasa, zobo, alayyafo, 'ya'yan itatuwa citrus).