kwararan fitila na tafarnuwa: yadda ake girma girbi mai kyau

A al'ada, tafarnuwa yana yaduwa ta hanyar cloves - sassa daban-daban na kwan fitila. Duk da haka, akwai matsaloli a nan. Da fari dai, akwai 'yan cloves a cikin kwan fitila guda ɗaya, kuma idan kun sami nau'in nau'i mai mahimmanci a cikin ƙaramin adadin, ba zai yiwu a yi shi da sauri ba - zai ɗauki shekaru. Bugu da ƙari, kwararan fitila da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa sukan yi rashin lafiya, amma ba za a iya dasa su ba.

Wadannan gazawar gaba daya ba su da kwararan fitila na iska - mini-albasa waɗanda aka kafa a cikin inflorescences na tafarnuwa maimakon tsaba.

Menene kyau game da wannan hanyar

Yada kwararan fitila na tafarnuwa yana da fa'idodi da yawa:

1. Yawancin su. Domin samun jimillar kawunan 200 na tafarnuwa, kuna buƙatar barin kibiyoyi 4 na tafarnuwa kawai.
2. Suna lafiya. Tushen iska na tafarnuwa ba sa haɗuwa da ƙasa kuma ba su da alaƙa da kowane nau'in rot da sauran cututtuka - wannan kayan shuka ne mai tsabta.
3. Suna taimakawa don sabunta nau'in. Ƙwararrun mazauna rani sun san cewa bayan lokaci, kowace irin tafarnuwa ta lalace, kawunanta da suka girma daga cloves sun zama karami. Ana buƙatar sabunta tafarnuwa kowane shekaru 4-5. Kuma suna yin hakan ne kawai tare da taimakon kwararan fitila. Idan kun dasa su, kuma ba cloves ba, duk alamun zasu dawo - kwararan fitila za su sake zama babba.

gazawar

Sakamakon farko shine cewa wannan hanya ta dace da tafarnuwa na hunturu. Mai harbi bazara yawanci ba ya samuwa, ban da wasu 'yan iri, misali Gulliver - yana samar da inflorescences.

Matsala ta biyu ita ce, babbar tafarnuwa mai cikakken ƙarfi daga kwararan fitila ana samun su ne kawai a cikin shekara ta biyu. A cikin farkon kakar wasa, kwan fitila mai haƙori ɗaya yana tsiro daga ƙananan kwararan fitila. Dole ne a sake dasa shi, kuma kawai lokacin rani na gaba ne za mu sami shugaban gargajiya tare da ciyayi masu yawa. A gefe guda, wannan hanya ba ta da wahala fiye da girma albasa, saboda ana samun shi a cikin shekaru 2 - sevok yana girma a cikin iri na farko, kuma babban turnip yana tsiro daga gare ta a lokacin rani na biyu.

Yadda ake girbi kwararan fitila

Kibiyoyi a kwararan fitila na tafarnuwa sun fara bayyana a ƙarshen Yuni - farkon Yuli. Don samun kawunan da ke cikin ƙasa, ba a buƙatar su - yawanci ana karye su, saboda kiban suna ɗaukar abubuwa da yawa na gina jiki don lalata kwan fitila. Amma don samun kwararan fitila, suna buƙatar a bar su - 4 - 5 zai isa.

Kibiyoyi sun fi dacewa don zaɓar mafi ƙarfi, tare da manyan inflorescences - a cikinsu albasa za su fi girma.

A mafi yawan nau'in tafarnuwa na hunturu, ana fara karkatar da kiban zuwa karkace. Suna girma sai su mike tsaye. Don haka lokacin da suka zama madaidaiciya - lokaci yayi da za a tattara kwararan fitila, sun cika.

Dole ne a yanke kiban a ƙasa, a gindin tushe. Kafin girbi, zai zama da kyau a shimfiɗa fim ko wani nau'i na zane a ƙarƙashin tsire-tsire - ya faru cewa kwararan fitila sun rushe.

Yanke kiban an ɗaure su a cikin damfara kuma an rataye su a cikin duhu, wuri mai dumi don makonni 3 zuwa 4 - ya kamata a bushe su bushe. Bayan wannan, an yanke inflorescences tare da kwararan fitila daga harbi kuma a aika don ajiya. A nan ne duk inflorescences daidai - ba lallai ba ne don cire kwararan fitila daga gare su.

Zai fi kyau a adana inflorescences tare da ƙananan kwararan fitila a cikin jarida, a cikin bushe da wuri mai duhu tare da zazzabi na 18 - 20 ° C.

Lokacin dasa kwan fitila tafarnuwa

Ana iya dasa kwararan fitila na tafarnuwa a cikin kaka da bazara (1).

A cikin kaka. A wannan yanayin, ana shuka kwararan fitila da aka tattara a lokacin rani a ƙarshen Satumba - farkon Oktoba zuwa zurfin 5 - 6 cm. Nisa tsakanin ƙananan kwararan fitila a jere ya kamata ya zama 3 cm, tsakanin layuka - 15 cm. Shuke-shuke a cikin hunturu ana mulched tare da peat tare da Layer na 2 cm.

A cikin bazara, wasu kwararan fitila na iya kasancewa a saman ƙasa - yana faruwa cewa ƙasa mai daskarewa ta matse su. A wannan yanayin, kawai suna buƙatar a binne su a cikin ƙasa - zaka iya danna shi kawai da yatsa.

Spring. Tare da wannan zaɓi na shuka, ana adana kwararan fitila a duk lokacin hunturu a cikin bushe, duhu da wuri mai dumi, amma watanni 1,5 kafin shuka (kimanin a ƙarshen Fabrairu) suna buƙatar cire su a cikin sanyi - cellar, firiji ko binne a cikin dusar ƙanƙara a cikin jakar zane. Albasa ya kamata ya ciyar da wannan lokacin a zazzabi na 0 - 4 ° C. Idan ba a yi haka ba, shugaban da ba a haɓaka ba zai girma daga cikin kwararan fitila.

Nisa don dasa shuki iri ɗaya ne da na kaka. Amma zurfin ciki ya kamata ya zama ƙasa - 3-4 cm. Hakanan yana da amfani don ciyawa gadaje tare da peat tare da Layer na 1 - 2 cm - wannan zai kare ƙasa daga bushewa. Harbe yawanci yana bayyana bayan kwanaki 10 (2).

A cikin lokuta biyu, kafin dasa shuki kwararan fitila, yana da amfani don jiƙa na minti 30 a cikin ruwan hoda mai haske na potassium permanganate - wannan zai lalata su.

Lokacin girbi

Ana tono kwararan fitila masu haƙora guda ɗaya waɗanda ke girma a ƙarshen kakar farko, kamar tafarnuwa na hunturu na yau da kullun, a tsakiyar watan Agusta, lokacin da ganyen suka zama rawaya. Ana busar da su kuma a aika su zuwa dakin dumi mai duhu.

A ƙarshen Satumba, an sake dasa su a kan gadaje - duk abin da yake daidai daidai da lokacin dasa tafarnuwa hunturu tare da cloves. A shekara mai zuwa, za su yi cikakkun kawunansu, wanda akwai 7 - 11 cloves (3).

Shahararrun tambayoyi da amsoshi

Don tambayoyin mazauna rani game da tafarnuwa girma daga kwararan fitila, ta amsa mana Masanin agronomist Svetlana Mihailova.

Tushen

1. Ƙungiyar marubuta, ed. Polyanskoy AM da Chulkova EI Nasihu ga masu lambu // Minsk, Girbi, 1970 - 208 p.
2. Fisenko AN, Serpukhovitina KA, Stolyarov AI Garden. Littafin Jagora // Rostov-on-Don, Jami'ar Rostov Press, 1994 - 416 p.
3. Romanov VV, Ganichkina OA, Akimov AA, Uvarov EV A cikin lambu da kuma a cikin lambu // Yaroslavl, Upper Volga buga littafin, 1989 - 288 p.