Mafitsara (daga vesica na Latin, jaka) wani tafki ne na halitta inda ake ajiye fitsari tsakanin kowace fitsari.

Matsayi. Ya kasance a cikin ƙashin ƙugu, mafitsara wata gabo ce mara ƙarfi wacce ke cikin sashin fitsari¹.

Structure. Mafitsara ta ƙunshi sassa biyu:

– Kullin mafitsara wanda ke zama tafki tsakanin kowace fitsari. Bangon nata yana kunshe ne da wani lebur mai santsi mai santsi, mai lalatawa, da kuma wani Layer na mucosa na ciki, urothelium.

- wuyan mafitsara wanda ke buɗe mafitsara akan urethra, tashar da ke kaiwa ga ɗigon fitsari. Yana taimakawa wajen riƙe fitsari godiya ga tsokar madauwari da ke kewaye da urethra: sphincter urethra.

Matsayi a cikin fitsari. Ana gudanar da fitsari daga kodan zuwa mafitsara ta hanyar ureters. Lokacin cika mafitsara, sphincters suna kasancewa a rufe. Miƙewar bangon mafitsara, saboda cikawa, yana haifar da jijiyoyi masu alamar sha'awar fitsari. Buɗewar sphincters da ƙanƙara na detrusor suna ba da izinin fitsari. Bayan fitsari, sfincters suna sake rufewa.²

urinary incontinence. Yana bayyana kansa ta hanyar zubar fitsari. Dalilan na iya bambanta amma musamman suna iya alaƙa da mafitsara.

Cystitis. Cystitis wani kumburi ne na mafitsara wanda yafi shafar mata. Yana bayyana kansa ta hanyar jin zafi a ƙasan ciki, kona fitsari, ko ma yawan sha'awar fitsari. wanda aka fi sani, cystitis mai kamuwa da cuta, yana haifar da kamuwa da cuta ta kwayan cuta.

Cystitis mai cututtuka. Shi ne mafi sanannun nau'i na cystitis kuma yana haifar da kamuwa da cuta.

Cutar cututtukan ciki. Har yanzu ba a san ainihin musabbabin ci gaban wannan cuta ba amma wasu bincike kan nuna cewa wadannan radadin na faruwa ne sakamakon sauye-sauyen bangon ciki na mafitsara. (4)

Ciwon daji na bladder. Irin wannan nau'in ciwon daji ya fi sau da yawa saboda haɓakar ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayar cuta a bangon ciki na mafitsara. (5)

Kiwon lafiya. Dangane da pathology da aka gano, ana iya ba da magunguna daban-daban:

– Ana yawan rubuta maganin rigakafi don kamuwa da cutar cystitis.

– Za a iya rubuta magungunan kashe zafi a lokuta masu kamuwa da cutar cystitis da cystitis interstitial.

Maganin tiyata, chemotherapy, radiotherapy. Dangane da matakin ƙwayar cutar, ana iya yin maganin chemotherapy ko zaman rediyo (5). A wasu lokuta, ana iya yin wani bangare ko gaba ɗaya cire mafitsara (cystectomy).

Ganewa ta hanyar tabbataccen tsiri. Ana amfani da wannan ganewar asali don gano gaban cystitis mara kyau.

Binciken fitsari na fitsari (ECBU). Ana iya buƙatar wannan gwajin, musamman ga cystitis mai rikitarwa, don gano ƙwayoyin cuta da ke cikin fitsari da kuma hankalinsu ga maganin rigakafi.

Gwajin hoton likita. Ana iya amfani da gwaje-gwaje daban-daban don nazarin mafitsara: duban dan tayi, urography na ciki, cystography retrograde ko uroscanner.

Cystoscope. Ana yin wannan gwajin endoscopic don nazarin bangon ciki na mafitsara. Ana amfani da shi musamman don gano cystitis interstitial ko ciwon daji na mafitsara. Hakanan ana iya ƙara wannan gwajin ta hanyar biopsy.

Urinary cytology. Wannan gwajin zai iya gano ƙwayoyin kansa a cikin fitsari.

Girma da siffar mafitsara sun bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum. Lokacin cikawa, mafitsara na iya ƙara girma ta hanyar shakatawa tsokoki a kusa da shi.