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Bayani mai amfani game da salmon
Salmon, ko kifi na Atlantic, shine wakilin tsari irin na kifi, jinsin kifi na gaske. Yawancin lokaci, anadromous da lacustrine (freshwater) siffofin wannan nau'in suna bambanta. Babban kifaye masu cin abinci, matsakaicin tsayin daka zai iya kaiwa 1,5 m, da nauyi - kimanin 40 kg. Yana rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 13, amma mafi yawan kifin shine shekaru 5-6. Salmon Lake zai iya kaiwa 60 cm tsayi kuma 10-12 kg na nauyi. Wannan kifi yana rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 10. Siffar kifin na musamman shine tabo a jiki a siffar harafin X. Mafi kyawun lokacin kamun kifi a cikin kogin shine lokacin shigarsa taro. Kifi yana shiga cikin koguna ba daidai ba. Ga koguna daban-daban, akwai siffofi daban-daban, ciki har da yanayin kasa, hade da kifin kifin da ke zaune a nesa daban-daban daga baki, da sauran abubuwa. Yana yiwuwa a ware da yawa yawan shigar kifaye cikin koguna: bazara, bazara da kaka, amma wannan yanki yana da sharadi sosai kuma ba shi da takamaiman lokacin iyaka. Duk wannan ya dogara sosai akan abubuwan halitta kuma yana iya bambanta daga shekara zuwa shekara. Masunta na gida ko masu wuraren da ke da lasisi za su iya bayar da ingantacciyar bayani game da shigowar kifi a cikin wani lokacin da aka bayar.
Hanyoyin kama salmon
Ana kama Salmon da kayan kamun kifi iri-iri, a cikin koguna da cikin teku. A zamanin da a Rasha, ana kama kifi ta hanyar amfani da seines, kafaffen tarunan, da shinge. Amma a yau, irin waɗannan nau'ikan kayan kamun kifi, kamar jiragen ƙasa, ɓarna, filayen ambaliyar ruwa, ana ɗaukar kayan kamun kifi kuma an haramta su don kamun kifi. Kafin ka je kamun kifi don kifi, kana buƙatar sanin ka'idodin kama wannan kifi, abin da kayan aiki, a cikin wani yanki, an yarda da kifi. Ana iya ƙayyade ƙa'idodin ba kawai ta hanyar dokokin yankin ba, amma har ma sun dogara da mai haya na tafki. Wannan kuma ya shafi baits. A yau, a wasu wuraren tafki, ban da layukan wucin gadi, an ba da izinin yin kifi tare da ƙugiya tare da sake dasa bats na halitta: wannan ya sa kewayon kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su ya fi yawa. Amma kafin tafiya, duk nuances dole ne a bayyana. Babban nau'ikan kamun kifin nishaɗin da aka yarda sune kaɗe-kaɗe da kamun gardama. Ana ba da izinin tafiya a kan wasu ruwaye. Bugu da ƙari, ba tare da la'akari da hanyar kamun kifi ba, yawancin RPUs suna ba da izinin kamun kifi kawai bisa tushen kama-da-saki.
Kifi kifi kifi kifi
Lokacin zabar maganin, kula da amincinsa, tun da yake akwai damar da za a iya kama manyan kifi. A cikin matsakaita da manyan koguna, kama kifi kifi mai nauyi fiye da 10 kg baya kama da wani abu mai ban mamaki, don haka yana da kyau a yi amfani da sanda mai ƙarfi. Idan kuna farautar manyan kifi ta amfani da manyan layukan, ɗauki reels masu yawa tare da ajiyar layi na mita 100 ko fiye. Zaɓin kayan aiki ya dogara da ƙwarewar masunta da tafki, da kuma yawan yawan ƙwayar salmon. Kafin tafiya, tabbatar da tambaya game da ilmin halitta na salmon Atlantic, lokacin da kuma wane garke ya shiga cikin kogin. Spinners sun dace da daban-daban kuma suna jujjuyawa ko girgiza. Idan ana so, zaka iya amfani da wobblers. Kamun kifi don kifin kifi tare da sandar juyi ta amfani da ƙudaje na salmon ba ƙaramin farin jini bane. Don yin baits haske, ana amfani da manyan bama-bamai (sbirulino). Don kamun kifi a farkon kakar wasa, a cikin manyan ruwa da sanyi, ana amfani da bama-bamai masu nutsewa da manyan ƙudaje da aka yi jigilar su.
Tashi kamun kifi don kifi
Lokacin zabar sanda don kamun kifi don kifi, akwai wasu abubuwa da za a yi la'akari. Amma game da zaɓin sandar hannu ɗaya ko biyu, duk ya dogara, da farko, akan abubuwan da ake so, gwaninta na angler, da kuma girman girman tafki da lokacin kamun kifi. A kan matsakaita da manyan koguna, amfani da sandunan hannu ɗaya yana rage yuwuwar masuntan gardawa. Kamun kifi da irin wannan sanduna ya zama mafi ƙarfin kuzari don haka ba shi da daɗi, sai dai idan an ba da izinin jiragen ruwa akan wasu manyan koguna. Babban ruwa, lokacin da ake kamun kifi daga bakin teku, yana nuna yiwuwar amfani da sanduna masu tsayi, ciki har da sandunan hannu biyu har zuwa tsayin mita 5. Musamman idan kamun kifi yana cikin ruwa mai yawa da sanyi, a farkon lokacin, da kuma idan akwai yiwuwar ambaliya a lokacin rani. Akwai dalilai da yawa na amfani da sanduna masu tsayi. Abubuwa kamar haɓaka tsawon simintin gyare-gyare a cikin yanayi mai wahala na bakin teku na iya taka rawa, amma babban abu shine sarrafa koto a cikin rafi mai ƙarfi na ruwan bazara. Kar a manta cewa ana amfani da manyan kwari masu nauyi da kuma daidai. Don zaɓar nau'in masu hannu biyu, sun ci gaba daga ka'idar cewa ana amfani da sanduna sama da aji na 9 a cikin ruwan bazara don jefa baits na bazara, wanda nauyinsa, wani lokacin, ya wuce dubun gram. Lokacin da aka saita ƙananan matakin lokacin rani, ruwan yana dumama kuma kifayen suna ci gaba da cizo a saman saman ruwan. Wannan shine lokacin da yawancin masunta ke canzawa zuwa sandunan kamun kifi na azuzuwan masu sauƙi. Don ƙarin kamun kifi mai ban sha'awa, yawancin ƙwanƙwasa suna amfani da juzu'i na azuzuwan 5-6, da kuma masu sauyawa, waɗanda suka bambanta sosai a tsarin daga sandunan spey kuma suna haifar da ƙarin dabaru yayin wasa. Don masu farawa da masu kamun kifi na tattalin arziki, a matsayin sandar farko, ana ba da shawarar siyan sanda mai hannu biyu, duk da haka, na aji na 9. Sau da yawa za a kwatanta aji na zamani biyu-hannu, misali, kamar yadda 8-9-10, wanda yayi magana game da versatility. Zaɓin nada ya zo zuwa ga aminci da babban ƙarfin aiki. Zaɓin nau'i na sandunan hannu ɗaya ya dogara, da farko, akan kwarewa da sha'awar mutum. Amma ya kamata a la'akari da cewa ko da tare da kamun kifi na rani don kifaye masu matsakaici, masu farawa na iya samun matsala tare da wasa mai karfi. Saboda haka, ba lallai ba ne, a kan tafiya na farko na kamun kifi, don amfani da sanduna a ƙasa da digiri na 8. A kan koguna inda akwai yiwuwar kama manyan samfurori, tsayin daka ya zama dole. Zaɓin layin ya dogara da lokacin kamun kifi da abubuwan da ake so na angler, amma ya kamata a lura cewa don kamun kifi a lokacin rani, ruwan dumi, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da dogon jiki, "lau'i" Lines.
Salmon trolling
Trollers yawanci suna neman kifin kifi a cikin sassan estuarine na koguna, a cikin ruwan tekun bakin teku, a bakin teku, da kuma garken kifaye masu zaman kansu a cikin tafkuna. Yawancin lokaci ana samun salmon a zurfin bayan matsugunan ruwa. Ta hanyar manne da igiyoyin ruwa, salmon ya zauna a cikin jiragensa. Salmon, wanda ke zama na dindindin a cikin Gulf of Finland, alal misali, yana da ƙanƙanta. Kama giant mai nauyin kilogiram 10 babban nasara ne, don haka babu buƙatar sandunan kaɗe-kaɗe na teku. Amma a maimakon haka ana amfani da sanduna masu ƙarfi, waɗanda ke da reels masu yawa masu ƙarfi da hannun jari na layin kamun kifi tsawon mita 150-200. Ana yawan amfani da manyan ƙwanƙwasa a matsayin koto. Tsawon su ba kasa da 18-20 cm (a cikin zurfin zurfi - daga 25 cm). Sau da yawa ana sanye su da tees guda uku. Baubles masu nauyi da ba a saba amfani da su ba. Mafi shahararrun masu amfani da wobblers shine abin da ake kira "huskies". Wannan kalma tana nufin duka Rapalovskie wobblers na gargajiya, da samfuran iri ɗaya tare da su daga wasu masana'antun, da na gida.
Bait
Zaɓin ƙudaje don kama kifi na Atlantika yana da ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗai da ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗai. Zuwa babban matsayi ya dogara da kakar. Yana da daraja a ci gaba daga ka'idar: ruwan sanyi - nauyi baits; idan ruwan ya yi dumi, kuma kifin ya tashi zuwa saman saman ruwan, to, kudaje suna kan masu ɗaukar haske da ƙugiya, har zuwa saman, suna furrowing. Girma da launi na ruguzawa na iya bambanta sosai dangane da kogin da yanki na musamman. Yana da kyau koyaushe a tambayi ƙwararrun masunta a gaba ko wane lokaci ya kamata a yi amfani da koto a cikin wani ɗan lokaci. Lokacin kamun kifi a sansanonin kamun kifi, yakamata kuyi amfani da bats ɗin da jagororin ke bayarwa. Salmon na iya canza abubuwan da suke so yayin rana, don haka yana da wahala a samu tare da ƙaramin adadin baits. Bugu da kari, yankunan arewa suna da yanayin rashin kwanciyar hankali. Ruwa mai yawa na iya canza yanayin ruwan kogin da matakinsa, wanda ke nufin yanayin kamun kifi shima zai canza. Don haka, ko da a tsakiyar lokacin rani, ba zai zama abin ban tsoro ba a sami wadatar ƙudaje masu nitsewa da girma.
Wuraren kamun kifi da wurin zama
Irin nau'in kifin kifi na arewacin tekun Atlantika suna rayuwa a cikin babban kewayon: daga bakin tekun Arewacin Amurka zuwa Greenland, Iceland da bakin tekun Arewa, Barents da Baltic Seas. A Rasha, ya shiga cikin kogunan teku masu suna, da kuma Tekun Fari, kuma ya isa, a gabas, kogin Kara (Ural). A cikin manyan tafkuna (Imandra, Kuito, Ladoga, Onega, Kamennoe, da dai sauransu) akwai nau'ikan kifin kifi. Mafi yawancin, ana kama salmon a cikin rapids, a cikin rapids, a wurare masu zurfi, a ƙarƙashin ruwa. Daga cikin kwale-kwale, suna kamun kifi a tsakiyar kogin, ko kuma da taimakon wani jirgin ruwa da ke riƙe da jirgin ruwa, a cikin hanya, a wani lokaci. A tsakiyar lokacin rani, mafi sau da yawa, ana yin kamun kifi a cikin manyan yadudduka na ruwa. Sai kawai lokacin da matsa lamba ya sauke kifi zai iya zuwa kusa da kasa. A cikin kogin, yawanci yana kusa da cikas ko kuma inda yanzu ya ɗan yi rauni. Abin da aka fi so shi ne wurin da jiragen sama guda biyu ke haɗuwa zuwa ɗaya tsakanin manyan ramuka masu maƙwabtaka. Kama kifi kifi a cikin ƙananan koguna ya fi dacewa, domin a cikin su ya daɗe a wuri ɗaya.
Ciyarwa
Salmon yana tsiro a saman kogin daga Oktoba zuwa Disamba. Komawa zuwa kogin asali (homing) yana da haɓaka sosai. Akwai garken “hunturu da bazara”. Maza sun girma da wuri fiye da mata, kuma a wasu al'ummomi, a farkon shekara guda bayan tafiya zuwa teku, suna komawa zuwa haifuwa. Gabaɗaya, balagaggen kifin yana faruwa a cikin shekaru 1-4. Na farko a cikin bazara kuma na ƙarshe a cikin kaka (ko da yake, wannan dangi ne, salmon yana shiga manyan koguna a ƙarƙashin kankara), mata suna shiga cikin koguna. Jama'a maza sun fara zuwa kogi da ruwan dumi. Girman kifin ya bambanta sosai ta yanki da tafki. Salmon da ke zuwa a kaka zai haifuwa ne kawai a shekara mai zuwa. Kafin shiga cikin kogin, kifin yana daidaitawa na ɗan lokaci a cikin yankin etuarine zuwa canjin ruwa. Bayan shigar da ruwa mai dadi, yana fuskantar canje-canje na dabi'a a cikin tsarin narkewar abinci kuma ya daina cin abinci. Kifin hunturu sun fi mai yawa, ba za su ci ba har tsawon shekara guda. A cikin ruwa mai dadi, kifin kuma yana canzawa a waje ("rasa"). Mata sun gwammace su samar da gidaje a cikin dutsen dutse. Haihuwar salmon shine har zuwa qwai dubu 22. Bayan haifuwa, wani adadin kifaye ya mutu (mafi yawa maza), mata suna haifuwa, a matsakaici, sau 5-8 a duk rayuwarsu. Bayan ya haihu a cikin fall, kuma ya rasa nauyi mai yawa, kifin ya fara fadowa cikin teku, inda a hankali yake kama da kamannin kifin azurfa. Larvae na ƙyanƙyashe a cikin bazara. Abinci - zooplankton, benthos, kwari masu tashi, kifayen yara. Mirgina cikin teku bayan dusar ƙanƙara a cikin bazara. Kamun kifi na Atlantic a duk faɗin Rasha yana da lasisi, kuma lokacin kamun yana kayyade ta "ka'idodin kamun kifi na nishaɗi". Ana iya daidaita kwanan wata dangane da yanki da yanayin yanayi.