Ancistrus kifi

Bayanin kifin Ancistrus

Ajiye kifi a cikin keɓaɓɓen sarari a cikin akwatin kifaye yana da alaƙa koyaushe da matsalar tsaftace ruwa. Ana iya kwatanta wannan da gano mutane a cikin ɗaki mai ƙunci - idan ba a sami iska ba kuma a tsaftace akalla lokaci zuwa lokaci, ba dade ko ba dade mutane za su shaƙa ko rashin lafiya.

Tabbas, da farko, kawai kuna buƙatar canza ruwa, amma akwai kuma masu tsabtace yanayi waɗanda ke tattara tarkace waɗanda ke zaune a ƙasa, kuma ta haka ne ke kiyaye akwatin kifaye mai tsabta. Kuma shugabanni na ainihi a cikin wannan al'amari shine kifi - kifi na kasa, wanda za'a iya kiransa ainihin "masu tsaftacewa". Kuma catfish-ancistrus ya ci gaba har ma a cikin wannan al'amari - suna tsaftace ba kawai kasa ba, har ma da ganuwar akwatin kifaye. Siffar jikinsu ya fi dacewa da aikin tsaftace ƙasa - ba kamar kifin da ke iyo a cikin ruwa ba, jikinsu ba ya kwance daga tarnaƙi, amma yana da siffar ƙarfe: fadi mai fadi da ciki mai zurfi. A ɓangaren giciye, jikinsu yana da siffar triangle ko semicircle.

Wadannan kyawawan halittun 'yan asalin kogunan Kudancin Amurka ne, amma sun dade kuma sun kafu sosai a yawancin aquariums a duniya. A lokaci guda, kifin kifi ba ya bambanta da kyau ko launuka masu yawa, kodayake suna jawo hankalin masu ruwa da tsaki da yawa, na farko, ta fa'idodin da suke kawowa, na biyu, ta hanyar rashin fahimta, kuma na uku, ta bayyanar da ba a saba gani ba. 

Ancistrus ko catfish-sticks (1) (Ancistrus) - kifi na danginsu Locariidae (Loricariidae) ko sarkar kifi. Suna kama da ƙarfe-dot ƙarfe har zuwa 15 cm tsayi. A matsayinka na mai mulki, suna da launi mai duhu tare da ƙananan fararen speckles, gashin gashin gashin baki ko haɓaka a kan muzzles, kuma mafi kyawun fasalin bayyanar su shine baki mai tsotsa, wanda sauƙin tattara abinci daga ƙasa kuma ya zubar da algae microscopic daga. ganuwar akwatin kifaye, kuma a cikin mazauninsu na halitta kuma ana gudanar da su a cikin koguna masu gudu. Duk jikin kifin an lulluɓe shi da isassun faranti masu ƙarfi masu kama da makaman kariya waɗanda ke kare su daga raunin da ya faru na bazata, wanda saboda haka suka karɓi suna na biyu “sarkar kifin”.

Duk wannan ya sa kifin Ancistrus ya zama mafi shaharar kifin kifin kifaye.

Nau'i da nau'in kifi na Ancistrus

Ɗaya daga cikin nau'in kifin nan ne kawai ake girma a cikin kifin aquariums - Ancistrus vulgaris (Ancistrus dolichopterus). Ko novice kifi masoya fara shi. Grey da inconspicuous, yana kama da linzamin kwamfuta, amma aquarists sun ƙaunace shi, watakila fiye da sauran 'yan'uwansu, saboda rashin fahimta da himma.

Masu shayarwa sun kuma yi aiki a kan waɗannan masu tsaftacewa marasa rubutu, don haka a yau an riga an haifar da nau'o'in ancistrus da yawa, waɗanda suka bambanta da launi da bayyanar, amma har yanzu suna da siffofi na kowa. Misali, wadannan filaye ne masu fadi, a kwance a kwance wadanda suka fi kama da fikafikan karamin jirgin sama.

• Ancistrus ja - ƙananan wakilan kamfanonin kifin kifi na sucker, launi wanda ya kwatanta da wasu tare da sautunan orange-buff mai haske, ba kamar takwarorinsu ba, yana jagorantar salon rayuwar yau da kullun, shine 'ya'yan itacen zaɓi kuma yana iya sauƙaƙe tare da ancstrus na sauran nau'ikan;
• Ancistrus zinariya - kwatankwacin wanda ya gabata, amma launinsa rawaya ne na zinare ba tare da wani tabo ba, ainihin zabiya ne, wato, kifin talakawa wanda ya rasa launinsa mai duhu, sanannen nau'in aquarists, duk da haka, a cikin daji, irin wannan. “Kifi na zinariya” da wuya ya tsira;
• ancistrus tauraro - kyakkyawan kifi mai kyan gani, wanda ba a lalacewa har ma da yawan fitowar da ke kan kansa, fararen dusar ƙanƙara masu ɗigon dusar ƙanƙara suna warwatse sosai a kan duhun jikin sa, yana ba kifin kyakkyawar kyan gani (a hanya, tare da haɓakar eriya kuna buƙatar ku. Yi hankali sosai lokacin kama kifi da raga - za su iya shiga cikin sauƙi a cikin gidan.

Ancistrus daidai ne tare da juna, ana iya samun su a cikin nau'i-nau'i daban-daban har ma da launuka masu ban mamaki: marbled, m tare da ɗigon polka mai duhu, m tare da stains da sauransu (2).

Daidaita kifin Ancistrus tare da sauran kifin

Tunda Ancistrus galibi mazaunan ƙasa ne, a zahiri ba sa haɗuwa da sauran mazaunan akwatin kifaye, don haka suna iya tafiya tare da kusan kowane kifi. Tabbas, bai kamata ku daidaita su da mafarauta masu tsauri waɗanda za su iya ciji kifin lumana ba, duk da haka, wannan yana faruwa da wuya, saboda ana kiyaye ancistrus da harsashi mai ƙarfi, wanda ba kowane kifi zai iya ciji ba.

Ajiye kifi ancistrus a cikin akwatin kifaye

Duk da kamanni na musamman da kuma wani lokacin launin launi, kowane mai ruwa ya kamata ya sami aƙalla kifin kifin guda ɗaya, saboda zai kiyaye ganuwar akwatin kifaye daga koren plaque kuma ya cinye duk abin da sauran kifin ba su da lokacin haɗiye. Bugu da ƙari, wannan ƙarami amma marar gajiya mai rai "mai tsaftacewa" yana aiki ba kawai a lokacin rana ba, har ma da dare.

Kulawar kifi Ancistrus

Tun da catfish ne musamman unpretentious halittun, kula da su ne kadan: canza ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye sau ɗaya a mako, saita aeration, kuma yana da kyau a sanya wani katako snag a kasa (zaka iya saya shi a kowane kantin sayar da dabbobi, amma yana da. mafi kyau a saka shi kawo daga gandun daji) - ancistrus suna matukar son cellulose kuma suna cin itace tare da jin dadi.

Girman akwatin kifaye

A cikin wallafe-wallafen, ana iya samun maganganun cewa ancistrus yana buƙatar akwatin kifaye na akalla lita 100. Mafi m, a nan muna magana ne game da babban thoroughbred kifi kifi. Amma ancistrus talakawa ko ja, wanda size ne quite suna fadin, iya zama abun ciki tare da kananan kwantena. 

Tabbas, bai kamata ku dasa garke duka a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da damar lita 20 ba, amma kifi ɗaya zai tsira a can (tare da canjin ruwa na yau da kullun da na yau da kullun, ba shakka). Amma, ba shakka, a cikin ƙarar girma, zai ji daɗi sosai.

Ruwan ruwa

Duk da cewa kifin Ancistrus ya fito ne daga kogin Kudancin Amurka mai dumi, suna jure wa kwanciyar hankali a rage yawan zafin jiki na ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye zuwa 20 ° C. Tabbas, wannan ba yana nufin cewa suna buƙatar ci gaba da kiyaye su cikin ruwan sanyi ba, amma idan hakan ta faru. yana sanyi a cikin ɗakin ku a lokacin bazara kuma ruwan ya yi sanyi, ba lallai ba ne don siyan hita cikin gaggawa don kare lafiyar ancistrus. Suna da ikon jiran yanayi mara kyau, amma, ba shakka, ba shi da daraja a koyaushe "daskare" su.

Abin da za a ciyar

Kasancewa masu tsari kuma, wanda zai iya cewa, masu tsabtace akwatin kifaye, ancistrus sune omnivores. Waɗannan talikai ne marasa ma'ana waɗanda za su ci duk abin da sauran kifayen ba su ci ba. "Vacuuming" kasa, za su karbi flakes na abincin da aka rasa ba da gangan ba, kuma suna manne tare da taimakon bakin tsotsa zuwa ga bangon gilashi, za su tattara duk koren plaque wanda aka kafa a can karkashin aikin haske. Kuma ku sani cewa ancistrus ba zai taɓa barin ku ba, don haka za ku iya amincewa da su don tsabtace akwatin kifaye a tsakanin tsaftacewa.

Akwai abinci na musamman kai tsaye ga kifin ƙasa, amma kifin mara fa'ida suna shirye su gamsu da abin da ke shiga cikin ruwa azaman abincin rana don sauran wuraren zama na akwatin kifaye.

Haihuwar kifin ancistrus a gida

Idan yana da matukar wahala ga wasu kifaye su tantance jima'i, to wannan matsalar ba ta taso da kifin kifi ba. Cavaliers za a iya bambanta daga mata ta gaban gashin-baki, ko kuma wajen, da yawa outgrowths a kan muzzle, wanda ya ba wa wadannan kifi wani m sosai kuma ko da da ɗan baki look.

Wadannan kifayen suna haifuwa cikin sauƙi da son rai, amma caviar su mai launin rawaya mai haske yakan zama ganima na sauran kifaye. Don haka, idan kuna son samun zuriya daga ma'aurata na ancistrus, yana da kyau a dasa su a cikin akwatin kifaye na spawning tare da iska da tacewa a gaba. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata a la'akari da cewa mace kawai tana yin ƙwai, kuma namiji yana kula da zuriya, don haka kasancewarsa kusa da masonry ya fi muhimmanci.

Idan ba zai yiwu a shuka kifin kifi ba, to, a samar musu da matsuguni masu aminci a cikin babban akwatin kifaye. Suna son bututun da za ku iya ɓoye daga sauran kifaye a cikinsu. Kuma a cikin su ne ancistrus sukan haifar da zuriya. Kowace kama yana ƙunshi daga 30 zuwa 200 qwai masu haske na zinariya (3).

Shahararrun tambayoyi da amsoshi

An amsa tambayoyi game da abun ciki na gourami Mai kula da kantin sayar da dabbobi Konstantin Filimonov.

Tushen

1. Reshetnikov Yu.S., Kotlyar AN, Russ, TS, Shatunovsky MI Kamus na sunayen dabbobi na harsuna biyar. Kifi. Latin, , Ingilishi, Jamusanci, Faransanci. / karkashin babban editan acad. VE Sokolova // M.: Rus. shekara, 1989
2. Shkolnik Yu.K. Kifin aquarium. Cikakken Encyclopedia // Moscow, Eksmo, 2009
3. Kostina D. Duk game da kifin aquarium // AST, 2009