Tunani mai tsauri, tsoro mara ma'ana, al'adu masu ban mamaki - har zuwa wani ɗan lokaci, wannan siffa ce ta yawancin mu. Yadda za a gane idan wannan ya wuce iyakar halin lafiya kuma lokaci ya yi don neman taimako daga gwani?
Rayuwa tare da cuta mai tilastawa (OCD) ba ta da sauƙi. Tare da wannan cuta, tunani mai zurfi yana tasowa, yana haifar da damuwa mai tsanani. Don kawar da damuwa, wanda ke fama da OCD sau da yawa ana tilasta masa yin wasu al'adu.
A cikin rabe-rabe na tabin hankali, OCD an classified a matsayin tashin hankali cuta, kuma damuwa ya san kusan kowa da kowa. Amma wannan ba yana nufin cewa kowane mai lafiya ya fahimci abin da mai fama da OCD zai fuskanta ba. Hakanan ciwon kai ya san kowa da kowa, amma wannan ba yana nufin cewa duk mun san abin da masu fama da migraine ke ji ba.
Alamomin OCD na iya tsoma baki tare da ikon mutum na yin aiki, rayuwa, da alaƙa da wasu.
“An ƙera kwakwalwa ta yadda koyaushe tana faɗakar da mu game da haɗarin da ke yin barazana ga rayuwa. Amma a cikin marasa lafiya na OCD, wannan tsarin kwakwalwa ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata. A sakamakon haka, sau da yawa suna shanye su da ainihin "tsunami" na abubuwan da ba su da kyau kuma ba za su iya mayar da hankali kan wani abu ba," in ji masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam Stephen Philipson, darektan asibiti na Cibiyar Kula da Halayyar Halayyar a New York.
OCD ba ta da alaƙa da kowane takamaiman tsoro. An san wasu abubuwan sha'awa - alal misali, marasa lafiya na iya wanke hannayensu akai-akai ko duba don ganin ko murhu ya kunna. Amma OCD kuma na iya bayyana a matsayin hoarding, hypochondria, ko tsoron cutar da wani. Wani nau'in OCD na gama gari, wanda marasa lafiya ke shan azaba ta wani gurguntaccen tsoro game da yanayin jima'i.
Kamar yadda yake tare da kowane ciwon hauka, ƙwararren likita ne kawai zai iya yin ganewar asali. Amma har yanzu akwai ‘yan alamun da masana suka ce na iya nuna kasancewar OCD.
1. Suna yin ciniki da kansu.
Masu fama da OCD sukan yi imanin cewa idan suka sake duba murhu ko kuma bincikar Intanet don gano alamun cutar da suke da’awar suna fama da ita, a ƙarshe za su iya samun nutsuwa. Amma OCD sau da yawa yaudara ce.
“Ƙungiyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta suna tasowa a cikin kwakwalwa tare da abin tsoro. Maimaita al'adar batsa yana kara gamsar da kwakwalwa cewa haƙiƙanin haɗari na gaske ne, don haka an gama da'irar mugu," in ji Stephen Philipson.
2. Suna jin tsananin bukatar yin wasu ayyukan ibada.
Shin za ku yarda ku daina yin al'ada na yau da kullun (misali, rashin bincika sau 20 a rana idan ƙofar gaba ta kulle) idan an biya ku dubu goma rubles ko wani adadin da ya ishe ku mahimmanci? Idan damuwa yana da sauƙin cin hanci, to, wataƙila kun kasance kawai tsoron 'yan fashi fiye da yadda kuka saba, amma ba ku da OCD.
Ga mutumin da ke fama da wannan cuta, aikin al'ada ya zama kamar lamari ne na rayuwa da mutuwa, kuma da wuya a iya kimar rayuwa da kuɗi.
3. Yana da matukar wahala a gamsar da su cewa tsoronsu ba shi da tushe.
Masu fama da OCD sun saba da ginin kalma "Ee, amma..." ("Ee, gwaje-gwaje uku na ƙarshe sun nuna cewa ba ni da wannan ko waccan cutar, amma ta yaya zan san cewa ba a haɗa samfuran a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje ba?" ) Domin yana da wuya a kasance a cikin wani abu to tabbatacciya, babu imani da zai taimaka wa mai haƙuri ya shawo kan waɗannan tunanin, kuma yana ci gaba da shan azaba da damuwa.
4. Yawancin lokaci suna tunawa lokacin da alamun suka fara.
"Ba duk mai OCD ba ne zai iya faɗi daidai lokacin da cutar ta fara bayyana, amma yawancin suna tunawa," in ji Philipson. Da farko, akwai kawai damuwa marar ma'ana, wanda sai ya ɗauki siffar a cikin wani takamaiman tsoro - misali, cewa ku, yayin da kuke shirya abincin dare, za ku soki wani da wuka ba zato ba tsammani. Ga yawancin mutane, waɗannan abubuwan sun wuce ba tare da sakamako ba. Amma masu fama da OCD da alama sun fada cikin rami mai zurfi.
Idan majiyyaci ya ji tsoron gurɓata, aikin farko a gare shi shi ne ya taɓa ƙwarjin kofa kuma kada ya wanke hannunsa daga baya.
"A irin wannan lokacin, firgici yana yin ƙawance tare da wani ra'ayi. Kuma ba shi da sauƙi a kashe shi, kamar kowane aure marar daɗi,” in ji Philipson.
5. An cinye su da damuwa.
Kusan duk tsoron da ke addabar masu fama da OCD suna da wasu tushe a zahiri. Wuta na faruwa, kuma hannaye suna cike da kwayoyin cuta. Duk akan tsananin tsoro ne.
Idan za ku iya rayuwa ta al'ada duk da rashin tabbas na yau da kullun da ke tattare da waɗannan abubuwan haɗari, wataƙila ba ku da OCD (ko wani lamari mai laushi). Matsaloli suna farawa lokacin da damuwa ta cinye ku gaba ɗaya, yana hana ku yin aiki akai-akai.
Abin farin ciki, ana iya daidaita OCD. Magunguna suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin jiyya, ciki har da wasu nau'ikan antidepressants, amma psychotherapy, musamman ma ilimin halayyar halayyar mutum (CBT), yana da tasiri daidai.
A cikin CBT, akwai ingantacciyar magani ga OCD da ake kira ba da amsa-gujewa. A lokacin jiyya, mai haƙuri, a ƙarƙashin kulawar mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali, an sanya shi musamman a cikin yanayin da ke haifar da ƙarin tsoro, yayin da ba dole ba ne ya yarda da sha'awar yin al'ada na yau da kullum.
Misali, idan majiyyaci yana jin tsoron gurbacewa kuma yana wanke hannaye akai-akai, aikin farko a gare shi shi ne ya taba kullin kofar kada ya wanke hannunsa bayan haka. A cikin darussan da ke biyowa, haɗarin da ke bayyana yana ƙaruwa - alal misali, kuna buƙatar taɓa titin hannu akan bas, sannan famfo a bayan gida na jama'a, da sauransu. A sakamakon haka, tsoro ya fara raguwa a hankali.